首页|Irwin's Stress Intensity Factor? A Historical Perspective

Irwin's Stress Intensity Factor? A Historical Perspective

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This paper is written to honor Dr。 George R。 Irwin and reviews several key developments in fracture mechanics based on his "stress-intensity factor" concept。 The early development of two fundamental crack solutions， (1) an edge crack in a semi-infinite body and (2) the surface crack， are highlighted。 Applications of Irwin's early concepts by other researchers to characterize fatigue-crack growth and brittle fracture of metallic materials are presented。 The stress-intensity factor is the cornerstone of the damage-tolerance and durability design concepts used by the aerospace community around the world。 The stress-intensity factor concept， crack-closure mechanics， and the observation that "fatigue is crack propagation" in many engineering materials has led to a merger of fatigue and fracture mechanics analysis methodologies。 Irwin's recognition of the importance of the normal stress parallel to the crack (now referred to as the T-stress) in fracture led many to propose a two-parameter characterization for fracture。 The importance of constraint on crack-tip yielding has been further advanced by the use of high-powered computers to calculate a normal-stress constraint parameter following his ideas。 The father of fracture mechanics has left a legacy that will endure and provide safer and more reliable structures in the future。

cracksfatiguefatigue crack growthfracture mechanicsstress-intensity factorcrack closureplasticityconstraint

James C. Newman

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NASA Langley Research Center, MS 188E, Hampton, VA 23681-2199

Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics

Cleveland, OH(US)

Thirty-First National Symposium on Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics, Jun 21-24, 1999, Cleveland, Ohio

p.39-53

1999