首页|Techno-economic study of CO_2 capture from natural gas based hydrogen plants
Techno-economic study of CO_2 capture from natural gas based hydrogen plants
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As proven reserves of conventional crude oil are depleting， there is a growing need to develop unconventional oils such as heavy oil and bitumen from oil sands。 In terms of recoverable oil， Canadian oil sands are considered to be the second largest oil reserves in the world。 However， the upgrading of bitumen from oil sands to synthetic crude oil (SCO) requires nearly ten times more hydrogen (H_2) than the conventional crude oils。 The current H_2 demand for oil sands operations is met mostly by steam reforming of natural gas。 With the future expansion of oil sands operations， the demand of H_2 for oil sand operations is likely to quadruple in the next decade。 As natural gas reforming involves significant carbon dioxide (CO_2) emissions， this sector is likely to be one of the largest emitters of CO_2 in Canada。 In the current natural gas reformers， CO_2 emissions originate from two sources。 One source is the combustion flue gases vented from the steam reformer and the other source is off gas from the process (steam reforming and water-gas shift) reactions。 The objective of this study is to develop a process that captures CO_2 at minimum energy penalty in modern H_2 plants。 The approach is to look at the best operating conditions considering the H_2 and steam production， CO_2 emissions and external fuel requirements。 The simulation in this study incorporates the kinetics of the steam methane reforming (SMR) and the water gas shift (WGS) reactions。 It also includes the integration of CO_2 capture technologies to modem H_2 plants using pressure swing adsorption (PSA) to purify the H_2 product。 These modern H_2 plants are the world standard of producing H_2 and are then considered as the base case for this study。 The base case is modified to account for the implementation of CO_2 capture technologies。 There are two process modifications presented in this paper。 The first process scheme is the integration of CO_2 capture process using monoethanolamine (MEA) as the CO_2 gas absorbent。 The other process scheme proposed is the introduction of a separation process using cardo polyimide hollow fiber membrane。 These two different process schemes are developed to capture 80% of the CO_2 from process reactions and from the flue gas of the SMR at a purity of 98%。
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