首页|EFFECTS OF EROSION CONTROL FACTORS ON NATIVE PLANT AND RYEGRASS ESTABLISHMENT
EFFECTS OF EROSION CONTROL FACTORS ON NATIVE PLANT AND RYEGRASS ESTABLISHMENT
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Disturbed sites characteristically exhibit an encroachment of nonnative plant speciesand an alteration of native populations due to competition for water， light， and nutrients。 TheCalifornia Department of Transportation (Caltrans) hydroseeds as a standard technique forrevegetation of highway construction sites in California。 Hydroseeding involves mixing seeds，mulches， and fertilizers and hydraulically spraying the mixtures to disturbed soil bankscreating a bed for plant species to germinate and establish。 Hydroseeding is less labor intensive and cheaper than alternative methods， but subject to high failure rates。 Seeds havegermination and growth requirements controlled by their unique microclimates; therefore，site-specific preliminary research is important。 Over-application of erosion control materialscan bury seeds at improper depths decreasing germination potentials。 California PolytechnicState University， in conjunction with Caltrans， investigated erosion control factors and burialdepth influences on the germination capabilities of seven native California plant species andannual ryegrass。Forty-eight soil boxes were set up in a 6 x 8 full factorial experiment and filled atrandom with 0。16 m (6 in) of a medium sandy loam (USDA) soil and compacted to 90%。 Onetenth of a m (4 in) of steam-sterilized soil of the same soil were added to the surface of thenonsterilized soil at random。 Six erosion control factors: gypsum， gypsum and wood fiber，guar tackifier， bonded fiber matrix (BFM)， wood fiber， and a control were hydraulically appliedto the soil surface。 One hundred seeds of eight seed species factors (Lotus scoparius，Lupinus succulentus， Artemesia californica， Eriogonum fasciculatum， Escholzia californica，Bromus carinatus， Achillea millefolium， and Lolium multiflorum) were hand planted into eacherosion control factor。 Seeds were placed at 0。0064 m (? in) depths for the gypsum， tackifierand control factors， while gypsum and wood fiber， wood fiber and BFM were placed at 0。0064and 0。013 m (? and ? in) depths。 Climate and watering conditions were kept consistent forall factors and monitored for 100 days。Germination percentages were measured。 Eriogonum fasciculatum， Artemesiacalifornica， and Lotus scoparius experienced less than 18% germination for all erosion controlfactors。 Lupinus succulentus experienced less than 13% germination for all erosion controlfactors。 Lolium multiflorum (ryegrass)， with the highest germination rate for all species， hadhigher than 86% germination rates for all erosion control factors。 The BFM factor resulted inthe lowest germination percentages。 Other methods， such as plugging， may be more suitablefor rehabilitating sites depending on plant species and site conditions。
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