首页|BALL-MILLED Cu-Ni-Fe-O MATERIALS AS INERT ANODES FOR ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS IN LOW-TEMPERATURE KF-AlF_3 ELECTROLYTE
BALL-MILLED Cu-Ni-Fe-O MATERIALS AS INERT ANODES FOR ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS IN LOW-TEMPERATURE KF-AlF_3 ELECTROLYTE
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A series of compounds with the general formula(Cu_(65)Ni_(20)Fe_(15))_(97.7)O_(2.3) were prepared by high energy ball millingand evaluated as inert anodes for aluminum electrolysis at 700℃.All compounds had the same nominal composition but O_2 wasintroduced at different moments during the milling operation. Allcompounds show the presence of an fcc phase (γ-phase). Uponheat-treatment at 1000℃ during the subsequent powderconsolidation, the added O reacts with Fe to form more or lesswell dispersed Fe_2O_3 precipitates. Dry oxidation tests at 700℃showed that the material oxidation behavior strongly depended onthe moment when O_2 is added. The best results were obtainedwhen O_2 is added after the γ-phase is formed. The use of thisanode for Al electrolysis in low-temperature (700℃) KF-AlF3electrolyte for 20 h showed that the cell voltage is stable at ca. 4.2V and the Cu contamination of the produced Al is 0.2 wt.%. In thiscase, the size, dispersion and concentration of Fe_2O_3 precipitatesin the consolidated powder are optimized to promote theformation of a protective NiFe_2O_4 layer on the anode surface.
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