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Placenta
Bailliere Tindall
Placenta

Bailliere Tindall

0143-4004

Placenta/Journal PlacentaSCIISTP
正式出版
收录年代

    A prospective study of myeloperoxidase levels in water immersion

    Ibanoglu, Mujde CanKose, CanerYilmaz-Ergani, SevalArslan, Burak...
    4页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: We aimed to compare myeloperoxidase levels in cord blood samples of mothers undergoing water immersion or conventional labor. Method: We enrolled 52 pregnant women to this case control study meeting the following criteria: uneventful gestational follow-ups, no history of known chronic or pregnancy-associated diseases, cesarean section or uterine operation, BMI <29.9 kg/m(2), single vertex presentation, normal fetal heart rate pattern, 37-41 weeks of gestation, estimated fetal weight of 2500-4000 g. The subjects were either undergoing immersion in water (n = 26) or conventional labor (n = 26) and their myeloperoxidase levels were measured from cord blood samples. Results: The mean age of the study population was 24.55 +/- 4.9 years. The mean BMI and weight gain during pregnancy were 26.8 +/- 2.7 kg/m(2) and 11.6 +/- 5.3 kg, respectively. The mean age of gestation at birth was 39.6 +/- 1.1 weeks, with a mean birth weight of 3205.5 +/- 433.2 g. The subjects in water immersion and conventional labor groups showed no difference in terms of age, gestational age, BMI, and birth weight. The mean myelo-peroxidase level was significantly lower in the water immersion group (759.8 +/- 391.5 U/L) compared to that in the conventional labor group (1832.2 +/- 1011.9 U/L, p = 0.004). Discussion: Immersion in water during the first stage of labor seems to be associated with low myeloperoxidase levels, suggesting reduced oxidative stress in this delivery method.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    miR-486-5p inhibits invasion and migration of HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells by down-regulating ARHGAP5

    Taga, SayakaHayashi, MasamiNunode, MisaNakamura, Natsuho...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: Appropriate implantation of trophoblast cells is necessary for successful pregnancy outcome. This process requires proper migration and invasion of trophoblast cells into the maternal endometrium and the myometrium. Dysregulation of circulating microRNAs in preeclampsia has been reported in several studies. Furthermore, miR-486-5p was reportedly increased within exosomes derived from maternal circulation in preeclamptic pregnancy. However, the roles of elevated miR-486-5p in preeclampsia has not yet been clarified. Methods: HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells were transfected with miR-486-5p, and the ARHGAP5 expression was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. A reporter assay using a luciferase construct containing the ARHGAP5 3 '-untranslated region (3 ' UTR) was performed to determine whether or not ARHGAP5 is a direct target of miR-486-5p. Changes in migration and invasion abilities were examined by a wound healing assay and invasion assay, respectively. Results: The ARHGAP5 expression was significantly decreased in miR-486-5p-transfected cells according to RTqPCR and Western blotting. A dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-486-5p acts directly on the 3 ' UTR of ARHGAP5 mRNA. The migration and invasion abilities were suppressed in miR-486-5p-transfected cells. Downregulation of ARHGAP5 by small interfering RNA transfection inhibited trophoblast cell migration and invasion, resembling that of miR-486-5p transfection. Discussion: The migration and invasion abilities of HTR8/SVneo cells were suppressed by miR-486-5p at least partly through inhibiting the ARHGAP5 expression. These data suggest that miR-486-5p is involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and that miR-486-5p is a viable potential biomarker for predicting the onset risk of preeclampsia.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The clinical impact of maternal COVID-19 on mothers, their infants, and placentas with an analysis of vertical transfer of maternal SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies

    Ward, J. D.Cornaby, C.Kato, T.Gilmore, R. C....
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: The effect of SARS-CoV-2 severity or the trimester of infection in pregnant mothers, placentas, and infants is not fully understood. Methods: A retrospective, observational cohort study in Chapel Hill, NC of 115 mothers with SARS-CoV-2 and singleton pregnancies from December 1, 2019 to May 31, 2021 via chart review to document the infants' weight, length, head circumference, survival, congenital abnormalities, hearing loss, maternal complications, and placental pathology classified by the Amsterdam criteria. Results: Of the 115 mothers, 85.2% were asymptomatic (n = 37) or had mild (n = 61) symptoms, 13.0% had moderate (n = 9) or severe (n = 6) COVID-19, and 1.74% (n = 2) did not have symptoms recorded. Moderate and severe maternal infections were associated with increased C-section, premature delivery, infant NICU admission, and were more likely to occur in Type 1 (p = 0.0055) and Type 2 (p = 0.0285) diabetic mothers. Only one infant (0.870%) became infected with SARS-CoV-2, which was not via the placenta. Most placentas (n = 63, 54.8%) did not show specific histologic findings; however, a subset showed mild maternal vascular malperfusion (n = 26, 22.6%) and/or mild microscopic ascending intrauterine infection (n = 28, 24.3%). The infants had no identifiable congenital abnormalities, and all infants and mothers survived. Discussion: Most mothers and their infants had a routine clinical course; however, moderate and severe COVID-19 maternal infections were associated with pregnancy complications and premature delivery. Mothers with pre-existing, non-gestational diabetes were at greatest risk of developing moderate or severe COVID-19. The placental injury patterns of maternal vascular malperfusion and/or microscopic ascending intrauterine infection were not associated with maternal COVID-19 severity.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Microvillous tip vesicles may be an origin of placental extracellular vesicles

    Davies, RebeccaGriffiths, CatherineAskelund, KathrynPalaiologou, Eleni...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: Extracellular vesicles are now believed to be important mediators of placental-maternal communication. However, little is known about the formation of extracellular vesicles by human placenta. This study uses nanoscale three-dimensional imaging to investigate how and where placental extracellular vesicles form. Methods: Term and first trimester human placental villi were imaged by serial block face scanning electron microscopy. These images were analysed to quantify vesicle surface density. Segmentation was performed to reconstruct three-dimensional images of extracellular vesicles. Live imaging light microscopy of first trimester villous explants was performed. Results: Vesicles were observed on the tips of placental microvilli in term and first trimester placenta. In term placenta these microvillous tip vesicles had a median size of 0.55 mu m and their surface area density exceeded 22000 per mm(2). Microvillous tip vesicle membranes had a lower electron density than the microvillous plasma membrane. Thirty seven percent of vesicles had a complex membrane structure including double membranes, internal vesicles and vesicle chains. Budding of smaller secondary vesicles from microvillous tip vesicle membranes was observed. Live imaging of a first trimester villus explant observed formation of vesicles which were larger but visually similar to the secondary vesicles observed by electron microscopy. Discussion: These observations suggest that extracellular vesicles are forming on the tips of placental microvilli prior to release into maternal blood. However, it cannot be discounted that there are maternal extracellular vesicles that have bound to microvilli. In either case, the high surface area density of microvillous tip vesicles is consistent with an important role in placental-maternal signalling.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Inducible knockout of syncytin-a leads to poor placental glucose transport in mice (vol 121, pg 155, 2022)

    Wang, Ya-NanYe, Yi-XinGuo, Ze-WenXiong, Zhe-Lei...
    1页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Effects of aldosterone on the human placenta: Insights from placental perfusion studies

    Mistry, Hiten D.Klossner, RahelKallol, SampadaLuthi, Michael P....
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: In pregnancy, aldosterone is linked to maternal plasma volume expansion, improved fetal and placental growth/angiogenesis and reduced maternal blood pressure. Aldosterone levels are low in women with pre-eclampsia. Given the placental growth properties of aldosterone in pregnancy, we hypothesised that increased aldosterone improves placental function ex vivo. We applied aldosterone in the dual human placenta perfusion model and analysed specific regulatory markers. Methods: A single cotyledon was perfused using a trimodal perfusion setup consisting of a control phase (CP; basic perfusion medium (BPM) alone) and two consecutive experimental phases (EP1/EP2; BPM supplemented with 1.5 x 10(-9)M and 1.5 x 10(-7)M aldosterone, respectively). CP and EP1/EP2 were conducted in closed circuits lasting 2 h each. Quality/time control perfusions using BPM alone were performed for 360 min to distinguish time-dependent effects from aldosterone-related effects. Perfusates were assessed for control parameters (pH/pO(2)/pCO(2)/glucose/lactate/creatinine/antipyrine). Maternal perfusates were analysed for placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) using ELISAs. mRNA expression of abovementioned factors was measured by qPCR in post-perfusion tissue. Results: Data from quality/time control perfusions indicated that TNF-alpha and IL-10 release continuously increased over time. Contrary, in the trimodal perfusion setup the application of aldosterone decreased TNF-alpha secretion (P < 0.05, EP1/EP2 vs CP, 120 min) and increased PlGF release (P < 0.05, EP1 vs CP, 90/120 min) into the maternal perfusates. mRNA expression followed similar trends, but did not reach significance. Discussion: Our ex vivo placental perfusion data suggest that increasing aldosterone promotes anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors, which could positively contribute to healthy pregnancy outcomes.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Maternal serum telomerase levels increase in pregnancies with mild and severe preeclampsia

    Madendag, YusufSahin, ErdemMadendag, Ilknur ColSahin, Mefkure Eraslan...
    5页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction: Considering that preeclampsia is characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, we hypothesized that preeclampsia and preeclampsia severity may affect the telomerase levels of the mother. Methods: This cross-sectional case control study comprised 86 participants who were separated into three groups as severe preeclampsia, non-severe preeclampsia, and healthy control group. Venous blood samples were obtained from pregnant women with severe preeclampsia just before delivery for biochemical analysis and to evaluate maternal serum telomerase levels. Since gestational age, maternal age and BMI would have an effect on maternal serum telomerase levels, serum samples were taken in the control group and non-severe preeclampsia group at similar gestational age during clinical visits in order to homogenize these parameters, and these patients were followed up. Telomerase levels in maternal serum were evaluated using the enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay. Results: Maternal age, nulliparity, body mass index (kg/m(2)) at blood sampling day, ethnicity, smoking and history of caesarian section were statistically similar among the groups. The mean birth weight percentiles were the lowest in the severe preeclampsia group. Fetal growth restriction rates were significantly higher in the severe preeclampsia group than in the non-severe preeclampsia group. Gestational age at blood drawn was similar among groups. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, platelet lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, red cell distribution width and white blood cell were statistically different among groups. The serum telomerase level was 1.137 +/- 0.390 ng/mL in the severe preeclampsia group, 0.763 +/- 0.390 ng/mL in the non-severe preeclampsia group, and 0.425 +/- 0.160 ng/mL in the control group (p < .001). Discussion: This study indicated that maternal serum telomerase levels were significantly increased in both preeclampsia groups.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Mechanical forces on trophoblast motility and its potential role in spiral artery remodeling during pregnancy

    Wu, HaiwangLi, JingLv, XiaoliZhou, Yuexi...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：During the first trimester of pregnancy, cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) differentiate into extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). EVTs migrate from villus to decidua, invade maternal spiral arteries (SAs) and more strikingly, they migrate against blood flow along the vessels and replace endothelial cells (ECs), completing SA remodeling. Studies have indicated that trophoblast cells are mechanosensitive. They assemble ECs, which can align in the direction of fluid flow. However, how they sense blood flow and transform mechanical stimulations into chemical signals remain largely unexplored. What factors trigger their motility? what are the potential and major factors that guide them to find their path and empower them to migrate against flow? To answer these intricate questions, this review provides some of the novel aspects and sheds new insights into clinical applications.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier