查看更多>>摘要：Stroke is associated with high mortality and extremely high disability rate。 Regulating ferroptosis seems to be a promising way to treat ischemic stroke。 After stroke， vasogenic edema exerts a mechanical force on surrounding structures， which could activate the mechanosensitive PIEZO1 channel。 Our previous research has found that brain cortex PIEZO1 expression was increased in the rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)， and PIEZO1 regulated oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury in neurons through the calcium signaling。 Considering recent studies has identified HIF1 alpha as an essential protein in PIEZO1/calcium signaling， ferroptosis regulation and cerebral ischemia， we herein hypothesize that PIEZO1 might be involved in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through ferroptosis regulation。
查看更多>>摘要：Hypothesis: This study represents a second part of a recently published study about a new form of evaluation and development of rare genetic neurodegenerative diseases。 The objective is to provide a more global vision of thermography with respect to the Emery-Dreifuss pathology， through the analysis of the data collection carried out for one year。 The basic hypothesis is that thermography could become a valid tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of this pathology because is a very specific tool for registering temperature changes produced by a constant degenerative evolution of this muscular dystrophy。
查看更多>>摘要：Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis are two common chronic inflammatory diseases affecting human population worldwide。 The association between the two conditions have been the focus of many researches， trying to explore the possible mechanisms underlying this association。 Prolactin hormone， besides its known lactogenic effects acts as a cytokine secreted from various tissues other than the pituitary gland with multiple pleotropic actions in immunity and inflammation。 Several data showed that prolactin levels are increased significantly in the synovial and periodontal tissues， and this increase is correlated with disease activity and tissue destruction。 Our hypothesis suggests that local prolactin can represent a link between the two conditions。 In this work， we suggest a possible mechanistic interactions， hypothesized to form a common path linking between rheumatoid arthritis， periodontitis and prolactin。 This is because of the need to develop new treatment strategies for the most effective long term control of inflammation in both conditions。
查看更多>>摘要：COVID-19 is the emerging health emergency ruining the well being of individuals and devastating the global economies。 Sustained research focusing on the virus has been on throughout the world。 However， no definitive remedies have yet been derived in the containment of the virus。 Steady knowledge on the pathogenesis of the virus has revealed certain consistent features specific to the disease which includes massive destruction of the lung due to the presence of excessive angiotensin-converting enzyme receptors (ACE2) which are essential for the viral entry inside the host。 Once， access is gained multiplication occurs resulting in suppressing the immune response of the body against the virus。 Henceforth， the equilibrium of the host is disrupted leading to manifestation of the disease。 The Periodontal pocket also presents with pathology very much similar to COVID-19 and a possibility of dual role can be thought of pertaining to aspects of Periodontal Medicine。
查看更多>>摘要：Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has created an alarming situation across the globe。 Varieties of diagnostic protocols are being developed for the diagnosis of COVID-19。 Many of these diagnostic protocols however， have limitations such as for example unacceptable no of false-positive and false-negative cases， particularly during the early stages of infection。 At present， the real-time (quantitative) reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is considered the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis。 However， RTPCR based tests are complex， expensive， time consuming and involve pre-processing of samples。 A swift， sensitive， inexpensive protocol for mass screening is urgently needed to contain this pandemic。 There is urgent need to harness new powerful technologies for accurate detection not only of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) but also combating the emergence of pandemics of new viruses as well。 To overcome the current challenges， the authors propose a diagnostic protocol based on Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with microfluidic devices containing integrated microchannels functionalized either with vertically aligned Au/Ag coated carbon nanotubes or with disposable electrospun micro/nano-filter membranes。 These devices have the potential to successfully trap viruses from diverse biological fluids/secretions including saliva， nasopharyngeal， tear etc。 These can thus enrich the viral titre and enable accurate identification of the viruses from their respective Raman signatures。 If the device is successfully developed and proven to detect target viruses， it would facilitate rapid screening of symptomatic as well as asymptomatic individuals of COVID19。 This would be a valuable diagnostic tool not only for mass screening of current COVID-19 pandemic but also in viral pandemic outbreaks of future。
查看更多>>摘要：Lack of vascularization results in increased demand for oxygen and creates a defined feature of the tumor microenvironment known as tumor hypoxia。 It is well established that in response to hypoxia， hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) is induced which is an important factor in angiogenesis， invasion and metastasis。 In turn， HIF1 alpha regulates the expression of angiogenic factors， such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)。 Ascribed to abnormal characteristics of tumor angiogenic networks， antiangiogenic therapy approaches can even worsen the hypoxic condition and can create cancer cells with stemness features。 Hence oxygen delivery via perfluorocarbon (PFC) to hypoxic sites seems to result in unstable HIF expression and consequent inactivation of angiogenesis cascade and metastasis and therefore， inhibition of cancer cells stemness。
查看更多>>摘要：Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have captured the attention of immunologists and clinicians in recent years due to their abundance in humans， especially in human liver and mucosal tissue。 Colorectal cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in mucosal tissue。 Recent evidence reveal activated MAIT cells within the microenvironment of colorectal tumors。 The increased tumor infiltration with MAIT cells correlates with poor survival in the colorectal cancer patients， suggesting MAIT cells are promising immunotherapeutic targets in colorectal cancer。 Besides well-known role in anti-microbial immunity， MAIT cells have been associated with various forms of cancer。 The Th1-biased MAIT cells are proposed to mediate anti-tumor immunity， while IL-17-producing subsets have been implicated in promoting malignancy。 Reduced IFN-gamma production and elevated IL-17 production of MAIT cells have been found in colorectal tumor tissue and shown to promote tumor growth and metastases。 Although the mechanism(s) driving the increase in Th17-biased MAIT cells with reduced IFN-gamma production in tumor is not fully understood， recent studies have linked IL-17 response to dysfunctional mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the mitochondria。 Therefore， we hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to Th17-skewed MAIT cell responses with decreased IFN-gamma production。 Mitochondrial targeted antioxidants are supposed to be beneficial for recovering Th1-baised antitumor immunity and inhibiting IL-17 production of MAIT by improving mitochondrial function。
Narciso Rocha de Paula, Andrea MariaCoelho, Danielde Oliveira, Claudia LuzVenuto Moura, Ana Paula...
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查看更多>>摘要：The context of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the structural inequalities and vulnerabilities experienced by black communities in the world， and in Brazil it is no different。 The data generated in Brazil demonstrate that Brazilian inequality is alarming。 Underreporting， non-prioritization of data that consider the variable race and color， and social groups in social vulnerability， help the unequal instrumentalization of epidemiological surveillance; many deaths from the black population are not being accounted for。 Structural racism and the invisibility of the black population have been intensified with the pandemic。 There is emerging evidence that COVID-19 may disproportionately affect black people， who in addition to the vulnerability resulting from socio-spatial conditions， appear to be more susceptible to contamination with a more serious and lethal outcome。 Finally， biological differences， such as impaired functioning of the immune response， can be increased by structural racism。 In this sense， we reinforce that possible relationships between social and biological vulnerabilities of black communities and the SARS-CoV-2 infection pandemic need to be considered and investigated。
NSTL
Elsevier