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Journal of plant nutrition and soil science
Wiley-VCH
Journal of plant nutrition and soil science

Wiley-VCH

1436-8730

Journal of plant nutrition and soil science/Journal Journal of plant nutrition and soil scienceISTPSCI
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    Cover Picture: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 4/2022

    1页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Editorial Board: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 4/2022

    1页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Impressum: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 4/2022

    1页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Introduction of a guideline for measurements of greenhouse gas fluxes from soils using non‐steady‐state chambers

    Martin MaierTobias K. D. WeberJan FiedlerRoland Fu?...
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Soils represent a major global source and sink of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Many studies of GHG fluxes between soil, plant and atmosphere rely on chamber measurements. Different chamber techniques have been developed over the last decades, each characterised by different requirements and limitations. In this manuscript, we focus on the non‐steady‐state technique which is widely used for manual measurements but also in automatic systems. Although the measurement method appears very simple, experience gained over the years shows that there are many details which have to be taken into account to obtain reliable measurement results. This manuscript aims to share lessons learnt and pass on experiences in order to assist the reader with possible questions or unexpected challenges, ranging from the planning of the design of studies and chambers to the practical handling of the chambers and the quality assurance of the gas and data analysis. This concise introduction refers to a more extensive Best Practice Guideline initiated by the Working Group Soil Gases (AG Bodengase) of the German Soil Science Society (Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft). The intention was to collect and aggregate the expertise of different working groups in the research field. As a compendium, this Best Practice Guideline is intended to help both beginners and experts to meet the practical and theoretical challenges of measuring soil gas fluxes with non‐steady‐state chamber systems and to improve the quality of the individual flux measurements and thus entire GHG studies by reducing sources of uncertainty and error.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Soil science within German cities

    Wolfgang BurghardtWolfram D. KneibSilke H?keAndreas Lehmann...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract The soils of urban areas were belatedly discovered as a research subject, becoming popular for study in the 1970s. With the growth of cities, there were increased requirements for urban soil information to assure the urban quality of life. Thus, the WG Urban Soils (AKS [Arbeitskreis Stadtboeden], today AGUB) within the German Soil Science Society (DBG) was established in 1987. This paper outlines the national and international achievements of AKS/AGUB and the initiated international urban soil network. Particular attention is given to soil mapping and research in Germany. The foundation of AKS/AGUB initiated a high scientific response on the new research field of urban soils. A soil mapping instruction was established. According to the German concept of soil unit “soil form” from the substrate and soil formation, much attention was given to soil material of natural and technic origin, as well as structure and profile composition. The focus of soil formation is on the young age, the effect of artificial landscape construction, and the speed of soil development. For surveying areas of high soil diversity, conceptual maps were developed. A great number of cities were mapped. As in Germany, urban soils were included in several national soil classification systems. Those of Germany, the United States, Russia, France, and the international World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) are compared. A great number of tasks of urban administration concern soil problems, such as pollution, soil sealing, urban greening, stormwater infiltration, heating, dust, and carbon sequestration, so soils were relevant in city government work. Internationally, the WG SUITMA of International Union of Soil Science and the US WG INCOMANTH were dedicated to urban soils. The AKS/AGUB could contribute to the European Commission with concepts of soil functions and soil evaluation and the introduction of Technosols to the WRB. Important future aspects will be the competition of intense rising soil consumption by building activities, and the availability and quality of soils for a sustainable urban life.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Organic materials with high P and low C:P ratio improve P availability for lowland rice in highly weathered soils: Pot and incubation experiments

    Tovohery RakotosonSeheno RinasoaTomohiro NishigakiLilia Rabeharisoa...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Background Phosphorus (P) deficiency remains a serious problem for lowland rice cultivation in Sub‐Saharan Africa. Locally available organic materials (OM) are potential amendment resources, but they vary widely in nutrient composition. How different OM affect P availability and rice production under different soil types remains poorly understood. Aims We aimed to determine soil responses to OM application varying in carbon (C) and P contents on P uptake, rice production, and P availability. Methods A pot experiment with eight different soils from lowland rice fields amended with four different farmer‐produced OM at an equal dose of 7.5 g kg–1 soil; and an incubation experiment with six soils amended with cellulose and two OM applied at the same C dose were conducted. Results An OM associated with high P and low C:P ratio increased shoot biomass and P uptake of rice in all soils by two‐ and threefold, respectively, compared to the control treatment. Low P saturation in soils (low P:Fe in oxalate extract) produced greater OM effects. Shoot biomass and P uptake decreased significantly in one soil with a high P saturation following application of the other three OM. Although increased soil P solubilization was observed with the addition of fresh C, OM effects on P availability were mostly attributed to their direct P supply. Conclusion OM with high P and low C:P ratio is effective in improving P availability for rice in P‐deficient lowland rice soils.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Phosphorus sorption characteristics as influenced by major soil units in southern Ethiopia

    Befekadu G/Hanna LambanoSheleme BeyeneGirma Abera
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Background Limited soil nutrients in the soil are threat in crop production in Ethiopian soil. Low availability of phosphorus (P) is one amongst the most important crop yield‐limiting problems among the various reasons limiting P availability in tropical soils, P sorption is that the major one. Aim Therefore, this study was done to identify P sorption characteristics of andosols, vertisols, and nitisols in Tachegnawgimbicho, Taba, and DelboAtwaro study sites in southern Ethiopia. Methods Adsorption isotherms experiment was done using Langmuir and Freundlich models to spot the character of soils in their capability on P sorption and causation and to explain P sorption as influenced by the associated soil properties using SAS version 9.00. Results The P sorption maxima (Xm) of andosols, vertisols, and nitisols were found to be 965, 810, and 706?μg?g?1, respectively. Correlation analysis indicated that soil pH was negatively and significantly correlated with Xm (R2?= ?0.88). The Langmuir affinity constant “k” was positively and significantly correlated (R2?=?0.981) with maximum phosphorus buffering capacity (MPBC) indicating bonding energy constant is a component of buffering capacity of soils. The Langmuir equation correlated significantly with P sorption maximum “b” and binding energy “k” indicating both parameters can be used for evaluating P sorption characteristics of the soils. Conclusion In this finding, the path analysis coefficient revealed that clay and pH had direct effects on P sorption parameters. Sorption capacity is high in andosols followed by nitisols and vertisols. Andosols require more P fertilizer to maintain optimum P concentration in soil solution for crop growth as compared with nitisols and vertisols.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Soil phosphorus sorption capacity dictates the effect of elevated CO2 on soil and plant critical phosphorus levels for wheat growth

    James B. O'SullivanKevaly VongsouthiJian JinCaixian Tang...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Background Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations can increase crop yields; however, it is poorly understood if plants require higher phosphorus (P) inputs to support increased production. In addition, soils with contrasting P‐sorption capacities may alter plant response to elevated CO2. Aims We examined the effect of elevated CO2 on the critical concentrations of soil available P and shoot P for plant growth in soils with contrasting P‐sorption capacities. Methods Response curves to P applications were generated for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a low P‐sorption Sodosol and a high P‐sorption Ferrosol. Plants were grown for 5 weeks under ambient (400?ppm) and elevated (800?ppm) CO2 concentrations at nine P application rates. The concentrations of plant P and soil P extracted using Olsen, Bray and Resin methods were analysed. Results Elevated CO2 increased biomass production in both soils. Plants grown in the Ferrosol but not in the Sodosol required higher P inputs to achieve maximum biomass production in response to elevated CO2. Elevated CO2 increased the critical Olsen‐P but decreased the critical Bray‐P concentrations for shoot biomass production in the Ferrosol. Elevated CO2 decreased the critical P concentration in shoots of plants grown in the Sodosol but not in the Ferrosol. Conclusions The effect of P fertilisation on plant response to elevated CO2 depends on soil type. Elevated CO2 also potentially alters P acquisition mechanisms of plants, which requires adjustment of the critical P concentration in shoot and in soil depending on soil P‐sorption capacity and the analytical method used to assess P availability.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Interactive effects of conservation tillage on the aggregate stability and soil organic carbon

    Yaxin WangZhigang WangXiaobin YanSha Yang...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Background Soil carbon sequestration is of great significance to achieve carbon neutralization at an early date. Aims The present study was conducted in order to explore the interactive effects of conservation tillage on soil organic carbon (SOC) and aggregate stability, and to understand the response of soil organic carbon to aggregate structure and distribution characteristics. Methods Undisturbed soil from varying depths was collected from the conservation tillage demonstration base under differential tillage practices (NT, no‐tillage mulch; DT, deep‐tillage mulch; CT, conventional‐tillage mulch). SOC and stable‐aggregates of different particle sizes, their number, and structures were analyzed and the relationship between the stability of soil aggregates and SOC was presented. Results The SOC content was the highest under CT treatment (1.67 g kg–1) and the lowest under NT treatment (1.31 g kg–1). In surface soil, the number of macroaggregates (>0.25 mm, M) under NT treatment was the largest (89.1%), the mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of water stability and mechanical aggregates were the highest, and the fractal dimension (D) was the lowest. This indicated that the NT treatment could maintain the aggregate structure of surface soil well. In the short term, DT and CT could increase SOC content, while NT could decrease SOC content. There was a significant correlation between SOC content and MWD (R2 = 0.40), GMD (R2 = 0.38), and D (R2 = 0.44). The more stable the aggregate structure, the higher the soil fixation and maintenance of SOC. Conclusions SOC content and aggregate stability have a synergistic effect, and NT can promote the formation of soil aggregates, improve their stability, and balance the distribution of carbon in soil aggregates with different particle sizes.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Agricultural management affects active carbon and nitrogen mineralisation potential in soils

    Sophia HendricksSophie Zechmeister‐BoltensternEllen KandelerTaru Sandén...
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Background Soil organic matter (SOM) is important for soil fertility and climate change mitigation. Agricultural management can improve soil fertility and contribute to climate change mitigation by stabilising carbon in soils. This calls for cost‐effective parameters to assess the influence of management practices on SOM contents. Aims The current study aimed at understanding how sensitively the parameters active carbon (AC) and nitrogen mineralisation potential (NMP) react to different agricultural management practices compared to total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (Nt). We aimed to gain a better understanding of SOM processes, mainly regarding depth distribution and seasonality of SOM dynamics using AC and NMP. Methods We looked mainly at four parameters, namely permanganate oxidisable carbon (AC), nitrogen minerlaisation potential (NMP), total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (Nt). Data were obtained in five long‐term field experiments (LTEs) testing four management practices: (1) tillage, (2) compost application, (3) crop residue management, and (4) mineral fertilization. Results AC was specifically sensitive in detecting the effect of tillage treatment at different soil depths. NMP differentiated between all different tillage treatments in the upper soil layer, it showed the temporal dynamics between the years in the compost LTE, and it was identified as an early detection property in the crop residue LTE. Both AC and NMP detected short‐term fluctuations better than TOC and Nt over the course of two years in the crop residue LTE. Conclusion We suggest that AC and NMP are two valuable soil biochemical parameters providing more detailed information on C and N dynamics regarding depth distribution and seasonal dynamics and react more sensitively to different agricultural management practices compared to TOC and Nt. They should be integrated in monitoring agricultural long‐term experiments (LTEs) and in field analyses conducted by farmers. However, when evaluating results towards long‐term carbon storage, their sensitivity toward annual fluctuations should be taken into account.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley