Marwa S. ShalabyMoustapha S. MansourAhmed Badr EldinHeba Abdallah...
9页
查看更多>>摘要：Abstract A commercial thin‐film membrane (unmodified) of polyamide improved by poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)‐coated membranes (modified) was investigated for separating phenol in sour water by reverse osmosis. Dependences of pressure and pore surface area on flux and phenol rejection were tested. A graphical correlation was found between the relative flux decline and phenol concentration decrease in the feed. The modified membrane provided rejection of 86?% at 2?bar with the highest permeate flux of 8.46?L?m?2h?1. The average contact angle for the former membrane was 58.4°, while that for the modified membrane was 49.1°. The reduction in contact angle enhances the surface hydrophilicity of the membrane leading to the antifouling effect. The modified membrane provides 95.4?% flux recovery compared to the unmodified membrane that provides only 66.2?%.
Monther AlsboulMohd Sabri Mohd GhazaliMohamed R. GomaaAliashim Albani...
11页
查看更多>>摘要：Abstract The thermal conductivity of Er2O3/ethylene glycol (EG) nanofluids was investigated at different concentrations of Er2O3 nanoparticles in the temperature range of 20–50?°C. The findings showed that the volume fraction of Er2O3 nanoparticles and temperature affect the thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity increases with increasing Er2O3 concentration and temperature, and the Er2O3/EG nanofluid showed higher thermal conductivity than the base fluid. Precise correlations are proposed to forecast the thermal conductivity of the Er2O3/EG nanofluid relative to the base fluid. These results are promising for using Er2O3/EG nanofluid in solar thermal applications.
查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Liquid‐liquid interfacial tension is an important parameter in gas‐liquid‐liquid multiphase flows. Here, bubble passage through an immiscible liquids interface was used for determining the interfacial tension. The method is based on measuring the volume of the heavy liquid entrained into the light one. Two different semi‐empirical models were developed for determining the entrainment ratio. The results are in good agreement with experiments covering a wide range of physical properties of the liquids. Each model is extended to build a master curve that can be used for predicting the interfacial tension. The models and master curves are obtained based on experimental data for gas‐phase motion through the interface between immiscible liquids, which makes the modeling results more reliable for gas‐liquid‐liquid systems.
查看更多>>摘要：Abstract The azo dyes Reactive Orange‐16 and Reactive Green‐19 were removed using Aliquat‐336‐incorporated Amberlite XAD7HP resin in batch and in a continuous stirrer vessel. The prepared resin was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller method, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect of dosage, initial dye concentration, time, pH, and temperature on the removal efficiency of both dyes was evaluated. Equilibrium, kinetic, and diffusion models were fitted to the batch data. Design calculations for single‐stage batch adsorption were done to scale up the process industrially. The resin was regenerated using ethanol. To intensify the process further, continuous studies were performed in a recirculating stirred vessel at different flow rates and stirring speeds.
Aline C. M. TrindadeHeveline EnzweilerNina P. G. Salau
8页
查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Catalytic dehydration of isopropanol was studied as a model reaction for the conversion of bio‐oil into light olefins. γ‐Alumina synthesized in the laboratory and commercial ultrastable Y (USY) zeolite were used as catalysts. The catalytic activity and the effects of temperature, N2 flow, and catalyst loading were investigated. The highest conversions of isopropanol were achieved by employing USY zeolite. The model reaction tests also showed that a higher temperature favors a rise in the conversion of isopropanol. The increase in nitrogen flow allows better desorption of water molecules that possibly inhibit the reaction, thus increasing conversion. A higher catalyst loading also promoted a higher conversion of isopropanol due to the number of acidic sites available.
查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Dyes are usual contaminants in aqueous solution. Some of them are carcinogenic and toxic. Hydroxyl‐carboxyl bifunctional hyper‐crosslinked polymers (HCHCP) carrying hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on their surface were fabricated for methylene blue (MB) adsorption by Friedel‐Crafts alkylation, using 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid as a monomer. The maximum adsorption amount of MB was 751.88?mg?g?1 according to the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption kinetics results demonstrated that the adsorption of MB followed the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic mode. In addition, the results of selective adsorption displayed that the HCHCP could separate MB from Acid Red 91 and methyl orange. Thus, HCHCP are promising adsorbents for cationic dyes.
NSTL
Wiley