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Pest Management Science
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pest Management Science

John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

1526-498X

Pest Management Science/Journal Pest Management ScienceISTPSCI
正式出版
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    Toward integrated pest management in bivalve aquaculture

    Patrick L CahillIan C DavidsonJavier A Atalah
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Pests of bivalve aquaculture are a challenging problem that can reduce productivity, profitability and sustainability. A range of pest management approaches have been developed for bivalve aquaculture, but a general absence of guiding frameworks has limited the scale and permanency of implementation. Applying principles of 'integrated pest management' (IPM) could change this paradigm to improve economic and environmental outcomes. We reviewed existing research and tools for pest management in bivalve aquaculture, with studies grouped under five pillars of IPM: pest ecology (25 studies), bioeconomic cost-benefits (4 studies), continual monitoring (17 studies), proactive prevention (32 studies) and reactive control (65 studies). This body of knowledge, along with insights from terrestrial agriculture, provide a strong foundation for developing and implementing IPM in bivalve aquaculture. For example, IPM principles have been applied by a regional collective of oyster farmers in the US Pacific Northwest to optimize pesticide application and search for other options to control problematic burrowing shrimps. However, IPM has not yet been broadly applied in aquaculture, and data gaps and barriers to implementation need to be addressed. Priorities include establishing meaningful pest-crop bioeconomic relationships for various bivalve farming systems and improving the efficacy and operational scale of treatment approaches. An IPM framework also could guide potential step-change improvements through directing selective breeding for resistance to pests, development of bespoke chemical control agents, applying emerging technologies for remote surveillance and farm management, and regional alignment of management interventions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    The power of cross-indication testing: agrochemicals originally stemming from a different indication

    Clemens Lamberth
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Cross-indication testing is the assaying of final compounds, but also their intermediates or side products, from one agrochemical indication against target species of other product lines. This approach has proven to be a highly successful source of lead compounds, which led to several important crop protection products. This review article describes, which herbicides came from fungicides and insecticides, how fungicides have been obtained from herbicide and insecticide leads and which insecticides have their roots in herbicide and fungicide chemistry.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Biogeography of cereal stemborers and their natural enemies: forecasting pest management efficacy under changing climate

    Reyard MutamiswaGerald ChikoworeCasper Nyamukondiwa
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background: Climate warming presents physiological challenges to insects, manifesting as loss of key life-history fitness traits and survival. For interacting host-parasitoid species, physiological responses to heat stress may vary, thereby potentially uncoupling trophic ecological relationships. Here, we assessed heat tolerance traits and sensitivity to prevailing and future maximum temperatures for the cereal stemborer pests, Chilo partellus, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis and their endo-parasitoids, Cotesia sesamiae and Cotesia flavipes. We further used the machine learning algorithm. Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), to model current and potential distribution of these species. Results: The mean critical thermal maxima (CT_(max)) ranged from 39.5 + 0.9°C to 44.6 ± 0.6°C and from 46.8 + 0.7°C to 48.5 ± 0.9°C for parasitoids and stemborers, with C. sesamiae and Ch. partellus exhibiting the lowest and highest CT_(max) respectively. From the current climate to the 2050s scenario, parasitoids recorded a significant reduction in warming tolerance compared with their hosts. Habitat suitability for all stemborer-parasitoid species was spatially heterogeneous under current and future climatic scenarios. Cotesia sesamiae C. flavipes and B. fusca exhibited significant habitat loss, whereas Ch. partellus and 5. calamistis showed a significant habitat gain under future 2050s predictions. Model metrics based on mean area under the curve ranged from 0.72 to 0.84 for all species, indicating a good predictive performance of the models. Conclusion: These results suggest C. sesamiae and C. flavipes may face survival constraints or extirpation compared with their pest hosts when environmental temperature reaches their upper thermal limits earlier, likely reducing pest regulation through density-mediated effects. The results demonstrate potential destabilization of stemborer-parasitoid trophic systems potentially compromising biocontrol efficacy under climate warming.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Natural occurrence of Beauveria caledonica, pathogenicity to Cosmopolites sordidus and antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

    Gabriel Moura MascarinJeanne Scardini Marinho-PradoMarcia Regina Assalin
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：BACKGROUND: Entomopathogenic fungi can provide a set of ecological services, such as suppressing arthropod pests and plant pathogens. In this study, novel indigenous Beauveria caledonica (Bc) strains were isolated from naturally infected banana weevils (Cosmopolites sordidus) occurring in commercial banana plantations in Brazil. RESULTS: The prevalence of infection by Bc strains on field-caught C. sordidus ranged from 1.3% to 12.9%. Similar to the Beauveria bassiana strains tested, none of the Bc strains caused more than 50% weevil mortality at a concentration of 1 x 10~8 conidia ml~(-1). Bc strain CMAA1810 caused the highest mortality in C. sordidus and had enhanced insecticidal activity when formulated with an emulsifiable oil. In paired co-culture assays, this same strain showed a significant growth-inhibitory effect on the causal agent of Fusarium banana wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Foc) of twofold magnitude compared with the control. Cell-free crude filtrates derived from the red-pigmented culture broth of Bc (CMAA1810) strongly reduced Foc conidial viability, and this inhibitory activity was inversely related to the age of the Bc culture. Crude concentrated filtrates from 4-day-old cultures exhibited the strongest antifungal activity (13-fold) compared with untreated Foc conidia. The abundant compound identified in the crude filtrate of Bc was oosporein (1,4-dibenzoquinone) present at a concentration of 0.829 ± 0.018 mg g~(-1) dry matter, and the antifungal activity of the filtrate was demonstrated. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that Be strains might have the potential to manage both C. sordidus and Foc, two of the major phytosanitary problems in banana crops worldwide. Further research under field conditions using suitable formulations of virulent Bc strains in combination with the metabolite oosporein is needed to evaluate their efficacy in the management of C. sordidus and Foc in banana plantations.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Heat-shock protein 70-a hub gene-underwent adaptive evolution involved in whitefly-wild tomato interaction

    Jiahui TianYoussef DewerCheng Qu
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：BACKGROUND: The whitefly Bemisia tabaci causes severe damage to cultivated tomato plants, but actively avoids the wild tomato Solatium habrochaites. Moreover, the mortality of whitefly increases significantly after feeding with the wild tomato. However, additional experiments are warranted to more carefully elucidate the specific molecular elements underlying the interaction between whitefly and wild tomato. RESULTS: Our results showed that S. habrochaites significantly increases the mortality of whitefly adults and decreases both their fertility and fecundity. In addition, the expression of stress-response genes in whitefly after exposure to S. habrochaites was analyzed using RNA sequencing. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was conducted to identify the hub genes to determine their potential associations with the mortality of whitefly. These results suggested that the expression of heat-shock protein (HSP), multicopper oxidase, and 2-Oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline (OHCU) decarboxylase genes were induced in whitefly. To validate the gene associations with whitefly mortality, a high-throughput in vivo model system and RNAi-based gene silencing were used. The results revealed that the RNAi-mediated depletion of the HSP gene, which belongs to the HSP70 subfamily, increased the mortality of whitefly. Furthermore, the selection pressure analysis showed that a total of five amino acid sites of positive selection were identified, three of which were located in the nucleotide-binding domain and the other two in the substrate-binding domain. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report on the potential implication of HSPs in whitefly-wild plant interactions. This study could more precisely identify the molecular mechanisms of whitefly in response to wild tomatoes.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Anticoagulant rodenticide blood-clotting dose-responses and resistance factors for Tyrosine139Cysteine (Y139C) heterozygous- and homozygous-resistant house mice (Mus musculus)

    Mhairi Alyson BaxterAlan Peter BuckleStefan Endepols
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background: The house mouse (Mus musculus) is a globally distributed rodent pest species against which anticoagulant rodenticides are widely used for the protection of human and animal health and the conservation of threatened wildlife. Anticoagulant-resistant house mice have been known for more than half a century. A house mouse strain was developed in the laboratory that was homozygous resistant for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Tyrosinel 39Cysteine (Y139C) and, subsequently, heterozygous resistant animals were produced from this strain by crossing with the homozygous susceptible strain. Results: Using blood clotting response tests, resistance factors at the ED_(50) level in the homozygous resistant strain for the first-generation anticoagulants warfarin, chlorophacinone, diphacinone and coumatetralyl were in the range 31.5 to 628.0 for males (M) and 21.6 to 628.0 for females (F), thus indicating that Y139C house mice are substantially resistant to all these substances. Resistance factors at the ED_(50) level for the homozygous strain generated against the second-generation compounds were: bro-difacoum (M, 1.7; F, 1.9), bromadiolone (M, 16.6; F, 21.0), difenacoum (M, 1.2; F, 2.7), difethialone (M, 1.5; F, 1.5), and flocoumafen (M, 0.9; F, 1.2). Equivalent values for the heterozygous strain were: brodifacoum (M, 1.6; F, 1.4), bromadiolone (M, 5.6; F, 6.5), difenacoum (M, 1.0; F, 1.3), difethialone (M, 1.1; F, 1.1), flocoumafen (M, 0.9; F, 1.1). Conclusion: Y139C SNP homozygous resistant mice are more resistant to anticoagulants than heterozygous resistant animals. All first-generation anticoagulants are highly resisted and, among the second-generation compounds, Y139C mice are resistant to bromadiolone and sometimes to difenacoum.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Baseline sensitivity of European Zymoseptoria tritici populations to the complex III respiration inhibitor fenpicoxamid

    Steven KildeaPierre HellinThies M. Heick
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：BACKGROUND: Fenpicoxamid is a recently developed fungicide belonging to the quinone inside inhibitor (Qil) group. This is the first fungicide within this group to be active against the Zymoseptoria tritici, which causes Septoria tritici blotch on wheat. The occurrence of pre-existing resistance mechanisms was monitored, using sensitivity assays and lllumina sequencing, in Z. tritici populations sampled in multiple European countries before the introduction of fenpicoxamid. RESULTS: Although differences in sensitivity to all three fungicides tested (fenpicoxamid, fentin chloride and pyraclostrobin) existed between the isolate collections, no alterations associated with Qil resistance were detected. Among the isolates, a range in sensitivity to fenpicoxamid was observed (ratio between most sensitive/least sensitive = 53.1), with differences between the most extreme isolates when tested in planta following limited fenpicoxamid treatment. Sensitivity assays using fentin chloride suggest some of the observed differences in fenpicoxamid sensitivity are associated with multi-drug resistance. Detailed monitoring of the wider European population using lllumina-based partial sequencing of the Z. tritici also only detected the presence of G143A, with differences in frequencies of this alteration observed across the region. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a baseline sensitivity for European Z. tritici populations to fenpicoxamid. Target-site resistance appears to be limited or non-existing in European Z. tritici populations prior to the introduction of fenpicoxamid. Non-target site resistance mechanisms exist, but their impact in the field is predicted to be limited.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    The mechanism of exogenous gibberellin A3 protecting sorghum shoots from 5-metolachlor Phytotoxicity

    Yuxin ZhangQinghao LiuWangcang Su
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：BACKGROUND: S-metolachlor (MET) was used to prevent weed infestation in sorghum fields, but inappropriate application could result in phytotoxicity on sorghum. Exogenous gibberellin A3 (GA3) has been applied for alleviating the phytotoxicity of MET. However, its detoxification mechanism is still not well known. RESULTS: Leaf deformity of sorghum caused by 200 mg/L MET was alleviated by treating sorghum shoots with 800 mg/L GA3, and the injury recovery rate of growth index was over 73%. More importantly, GA3 could not accelerate the metabolic rate of MET in sorghum. The result of phytohormone metabolomics showed that endogenous GA3 content in sorghum decreased by 78.10% with MET treatment, while abscisic acid (ABA) content increased by 120.2%, resulting in 10.3-fold increase of ABA/GA3 ratio. Content of ABA and GA3 increased by 11.9-and 21.1-fold with MET and GA3 treatment, respectively, leading to ABA/GA3 ratio restoration. Moreover, MET inhibited the expression of genes encoding key enzymes related to GA synthesis including CPS1, K02, KAO, GA20oxW and ABA8ox gene related to ABA metabolism. The transcription levels of GA metabolism-related genes CYP714D1 and GA2ox were up-regulated by 11.2- and 7.2-fold, while ABA synthesis-related genes NCED and ZEP were up-regulated by 8.0- and 3.0-fold, respectively, with MET and GA3 treatment. Conclusion: In this study, exogenous GA3 protecting sorghum shoots from MET phytotoxicity was due to supplement the MET-induced GA3 deficiency by absorbing exogenous GA3, and restore homeostasis of ABA and GA3 by promoting ABA synthesis, which provides novel insights for mechanism of GA3 alleviating MET phytotoxicity.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Lithium salts: assessment of their chronic and acute toxicities to honey bees and their anti-Varroa field efficacy

    Vijayakumar BommurajYaira ChenSedat Sevin
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：BACKGROUND: Varroa control is essential for the maintenance of healthy honey bee colonies. Overuse of acaricides has led to the evolution of resistance to those substances. Studies of the short-term acaricidal effects and safety of various lithium (Li) salts recently have been reported. This study examined the long-term in vitro and in vivo bee toxicities, short-term motor toxicity to bees and long-term anii-Varroa field efficacy of several Li salts. RESULTS: In an in vitro chronic-toxicity assay, lithium citrate (18.8 miw) was the most toxic of the examined salts, followed by lithium lactate (29.5 nM), and lithium formate (32.5 mM). In terms of acute locomotor toxicity to bees, all of the Li salts were well-tolerated and none of the treatment groups differed from the negative control group. In an in vitro survival study, all of the Li treatments significantly reduced bee life spans by a factor of 1.8-7.2, as compared to the control. In terms of life expectancy, lithium citrate was the most toxic salt, with no significant differences noted between lithium formate and lithium lactate. In the bee-mortality field study, none of the examined treatments differed from the negative control. Amitraz and lithium formate exhibited similar acaricide effects, which were significantly different from those observed for lithium lactate and the negative control. CONCLUSION: In light of lithium formate's honey bee safety and efficacy as an acaricide, additional sublethal toxicity studies in brood, drones and queens, as well as tests aimed at the optimization of administration frequency are warranted.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Toxicological and transcriptomic effects in Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) exposed to chlorantraniliprole and functional characterization of glutathione S-transferases

    Hao LiBang-Xian ZhangFang-Fang Liu
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：BACKGROUND: Chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is an efficient anthranilic diamide insecticide against economically important pests such as the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Resistance to CAP may develop due to enhanced enzymatic detoxification. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily in M. separata has not been systematically characterized. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the effects of lethal and sublethal doses of CAP on M. separata larvae, screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responding to CAP exposure, identify and characterize the GST superfamily, and analyze the metabolism of CAP by recombinant GSTs. RESULTS: The toxicity bioassay showed that CAP was active against M. separata third-instar larvae. LC50 was 17.615,3.127, and 1.336 mg/L after 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Poisoned larvae showed contracted somites and disrupted midgut. Total GST activity in larvae was significantly elevated 24 h after CAP exposure. RNA-sequencing generated 43 055 unigenes with an average length of 1010 bp, and 567 up-regulated and 692 down-regulated DEGs responding to CAP treatment were screened. Thirty-five GST genes were identified from unigenes, including 31 cytosolic, three microsomal, and one unclassified. The expression profile of GST genes was analyzed using samples from different developmental stages, adult tissues, and CAP treatments. Metabolic assays indicated that CAP was depleted by recombinant MseGSTe2 and MseGSTs6. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides insight into the toxicological and transcriptomic effects in M. separata larvae exposed to CAP. The identification and functional characterization of the GST superfamily will improve our understanding of CAP detoxification by GSTs.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley