Parr, Maria KristinaBotre, Francesco
12页查看更多>>摘要：Doping is considered as cheating in sports and contradicts the ethics of sports. Anti-doping laboratories accredited by the World Anti-Doping Agency target the administration of prohibited compounds or application of prohibited methods by means of instrumental analysis. The majority of methods is based on mass spectrometry with prior chromatographic separation. While gas chromatography and liquid chromatograph represent the currently applied techniques, SFC separation recently emerged as well. Herein we review scientific literature and research projects addressing the analysis of prohibited substances in sports, their metabolites, and biomarkers by SFC-MS(/MS). Currently used instrumental designs and aspects of method development including sample preparation are introduced and selected examples are presented. Furthermore, advantages over other methods are evaluated and potential areas of application and further perspectives are discussed. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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NSTL
Elsevier
Mazzoccanti, GiuliaManetto, SimoneCiogli, AlessiaVillani, Claudio...
12页查看更多>>摘要：Since their discovery, the Pirkle-type chiral stationary phases, and in particular the Whelk-O1, have been used in a large number of applications and theoretical studies. Although they can be used in many elution modes, their main field of application is in normal phase liquid chromatography and more recently in supercritical fluid chromatography. In this review, we tried to compare the two techniques using the Whelk-O1 stationary phase as a trait d'union. The main milestones obtained in the last decades of research in enantioselective chromatography and possible lights and shadows of the two techniques have been described. There is still a long way to go to achieve the full potential in the field of enan-tioselective separations, and especially ultra-high supercritical fluid chromatography, given its great potential, is a technique still to be improved. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
Raccary, BastienLoubet, PhilippePeres, ChristopheSonnemann, Guido...
12页查看更多>>摘要：In the past twenty years, analytical chemistry scientists have developed tools to assess the "greenness " of their analytical methods. The purpose of this work is to review these tools against criteria inspired by the life cycle assessment (LCA) framework. Results show that the reviewed tools are ready-and easy-to use but they are also limited in their scope, and base their rankings on subjective weighting scheme. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of LCA to overcome the limits found in the reviewed tools. We show that LCA is complementary to existing tools as it provides quantitative and holistic information on the environmental performance of analytical chemistry methods. However, conducting LCA is time consuming, requires expertise and cannot be applied routinely. We finally establish key challenges for the application of LCA in the field of analytical chemistry. (C)& nbsp;2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
Shang, YutingXiang, XinranYe, QinghuaWu, Qingping...
20页查看更多>>摘要：Rapid, efficient, and accurate detection of foodborne bacteria is important for public health and food safety; however, point-of-care testing remains a limiting factor in the field. Compared with traditional methods, the use of microfluidic chips in monitoring foodborne bacteria has the advantages of miniaturization, automation, integration, high throughput, and low consumption. Notably, the combination of nanomaterials with microfluidics further provides an improved method of pathogen detection with superior, rapid, and sensitive detection efficiencies. This review presents a broad overview of a wide range of microfluidic chips, including the magnetic nanomaterial-based assay, metal nanomaterial-based assay, carbon nanomaterial-based assay, quantum dot-based assay, and upconversion nanoparticle-based assay, for the detection of foodborne bacteria using different nanomaterials. Additionally, the main challenges that exist for translation of scientific research into product development are discussed. On this basis, we provide perspectives on both future technological directions and potential applications, which will guide researchers in identifying the most promising areas of development in this field.(c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
Perini, MatteoBontempo, Luana
11页查看更多>>摘要：An accurate analysis of the composition of stable isotopes is today an increasingly important requirement in various fields of science (from the environmental to the medical field). Since 2004, the year of its introduction on the market, Liquid Chromatography coupled with Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (LC-IRMS) has expanded the applications possible with the most famous and widespread Elemental Analyzer (EA) and Gas Chromatography Combustion (GC-C)-IRMS techniques. The new liquid chromatography interface coupled with IRMS opened to new application areas, in particular by enabling compound-specific d13C analysis of non-volatile, water-soluble compounds from complex mixtures. The advantages of the technique include the possibility of performing a compound-specific analysis without altering isotopic signatures by derivatization. Applications in paleoarchaeology, nutrition and trophic, pediatrics, soil science and food authenticity are examined here by reporting on the progress and technical constraints. (C)& nbsp;2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
Qian, Hai-LongWang, YanYan, Xiu-Ping
16页查看更多>>摘要：As typical representative of porous crystalline polymers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) based on dynamic covalent chemistry and topological design are constructed with organic units via covalent bond. Their unique properties such as high stability, accessible functionality, ordered porosity, and predesignable structure make COFs highly promising in environmental analysis. This review highlights the state-of-the-art design and modification of COFs in terms of functionality, stability and pore to meet the requirements of environmental analysis, as well as the mechanism and application of the COFs for the adsorption/removal, separation and sensing of various environmental contaminants. In addition, the challenge and future direction of COFs in environmental analysis are outlooked for the further research. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
Andruch, VasilHalko, RadoslavTucek, JozefPlotka-Wasylka, Justyna...
17页查看更多>>摘要：Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) is a widely applied technique for metal quantification due to its practicality, easy use and low cost. However, to improve the metrological characteristics of AAS, in particular the sensitivity and the detection limit, sample pretreatment is commonly used before the detection step itself. In consideration of the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry, new solvents are being introduced into analytical practice. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are often employed in the sample preparation prior to AAS due to their unique properties. This article deals with the potential of DES for the separation of metals and metalloids followed by AAS quantification. The primary focus is on DES employed in various liquid-liquid microextraction procedures, such UA-LPME, VA-LPME and DLLME; however, examples of less frequently occurring combinations are also presented. We believe that this review can be useful for readers as a starting point for future research in the field of DESs and their application in AAS. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
Gao, YueZhou, ChunyangGalceran, JosepRey-Castro, Carlos...
10页查看更多>>摘要：Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) is an in situ passive sampler with a widespread use in environmental studies. Within the ample range of analytes that can be probed with DGT, this review focuses on oxyanions and platinum group elements (PGEs). Ferrihydrite, zirconia, titanium dioxide and thiolfunctionalized silica solid phases have been typically used as binding agents in DGT devices for oxyanions. DGT for PGEs had to overcome challenging interference problems during IPC-MS measurement of eluates, as well as slow equilibration kinetics in the bulk solution after spiking. This review summarizes the most recent analytical advances concerning the development and application of DGT with these target element groups, and points to the remaining knowledge gaps. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
Wang, HongweiHuang, ChaoMa, ShujuanBo, Chunmiao...
18页查看更多>>摘要：The restricted access molecularly imprinted polymers (RAMIPs) were applied in food and biological analysis in order to faster and more effective determine the target molecules. RAMIPs exhibit the advantages of both molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and restricted access medium (RAM), such as excellent capacity of excluding proteins and high selectivity for target molecules simultaneously. In recent years, more and more scholars are devoting themselves to the fabrication of RAMIPs and their applications in sample preparations, sensors, chromatographic analyses and other fields. Herein, we summarized the mechanism and category of RAMIPs, and described the applications of RAMIPs in sample preparations, chromatographic analysis and sensors in recent years. Complying with the conception of green chemistry, RAMIPs have the great potential to separate and purify food and biological samples, and will become a trend to analyze in biological samples, food and more complicated samples in the future.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
Cui, YahanDing, LanDing, Jie
21页查看更多>>摘要：As a type of synthetic polymeric materials with selective recognition, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), have possessed wide-ranging applications for selective separation and enrichment of targets analytes in complex sample matrix. However, when using MIPs as conventional solid phase extraction adsorbents for complex samples pretreatment, complex column packing is necessary, and it is not beneficial for large-volume samples operation. By combining the magnetic separation with MIPs, the constructed magnetic imprinted polymers (MMIPs) not only possess high adsorption selectivity for target analytes, but also bring significant convenience to the rapid separation of adsorbents and the processing of large-scale samples. In this review, we summarize advanced preparation strategies of MMIPs in recent years, including direct polymerization on magnetic nanoparticles (sol-gel process, dopamine self-polymerization, traditional polymerization and covalent reaction), polymerization on modified magnetic nanoparticles (magnetic nanoparticles modified with polymerizable groups, active groups, and hydrophilic layer, respectively) and polymerization on functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with carbonaceous materials, natural materials and MOFs, respectively). Meanwhile, we highlight the utilization of MMIPs in sample pretreatment for targets analysis from complicated samples (food samples, environmental samples and biological samples). Finally, we evaluated the faced challenges and future trends in the field. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
原文链接:- NSTL
- Elsevier
