首页期刊导航|Agricultural Water Management
期刊信息/Journal information
Agricultural Water Management
Elsevier
Agricultural Water Management

Elsevier

0378-3774

Agricultural Water Management/Journal Agricultural Water ManagementSCIISTPEI
正式出版
收录年代

    Root characteristics, utilization of water and nitrogen, and yield of maize under biodegradable film mulching and nitrogen application

    Fang H.Li Y.Gu X.Chen P....
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.The biodegradable film is an alternative to polyethylene film due to polyethylene residue pollution, but whether the biodegradable film can replace polyethylene film in terms of root growth, utilization of water and nitrogen, yield, and reducing N application remains unclear. Therefore, two-year field trials, involved two films (biodegradable film and polyethylene film) as the main plots and four nitrogen levels (0 (N0), 90 (N1), 180 (N2), and 270 (N3) kg N ha–1) as the subplots, were conducted. The results showed that compared with N0, N application significantly increased root length density (0–20 cm layer), root surface area density (0–10 cm layer), root weight (0–10 cm layer), and root/shoot ratio by 41.6%, 38.8%, 89.8%, and 33.0% on average for biodegradable film and by 40.3%, 33.9%, 61.5%, and 23.3% for polyethylene film, respectively. However, N application only significantly increased the root-bleeding sap per unit area (RBS) by 20.1% for biodegradable film compared to N0. Furthermore, N-fertilization significantly increased shoot dry matter, evapotranspiration (ET), water use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) (except for N3), and yield by an average of 31.8%, 9.5%, 33.2%, 7.9%, and 46.1% (biodegradable film), 24.8%, 11.6%, 34.4%, 7.5%, and 50.3% (polyethylene film), respectively, compared with N0. Compared with polyethylene film, root length densities, root surface area densities, root weights in the 0–10 cm layer, and WUE were significantly lower, but RBS (except for N0), ET, and NUE were significantly higher under biodegradable film. Path analysis showed that both improving root length density and root weight were conducive to increasing dry matter accumulation, WUE, and yield for two films. The optimum N rate was also found at 173.2 kg ha?1 for biodegradable film and 182.1 kg ha?1 for polyethylene film, which could increase NUE. Therefore, ridge-furrow with biodegradable film mulching combined with 173.2 kg N ha?1 could achieve the goal of replacing polyethylene film in terms of high yield, efficient utilization of nitrogen, and reducing N application.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Evaluation of novel ultrasonic sensor actuated nozzle in center pivot irrigation systems

    Higgins C.W.Jashami H.Al-agele H.A.
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Center pivot irrigation systems are used globally to irrigate large fields. They have higher water application efficiency than other sprinkler or surface irrigation approaches, but this water application efficiency may be further improved by dynamically adjusting the nozzle height in response to plant growth and canopy heterogeneities; this approach is referred to as dynamic elevation spray application (DESA). The key data input required to achieve DESA is the plant canopy height; however, this measurement is challenging to acquire in real-time due to canopy heterogeneity and potential interference from active water spray. An ultrasonic sensor was evaluated for this purpose. Both lab and field evaluations were conducted. Lab evaluations used view angles ranging from 0° to 35° at increments of 5°, and heights ranging from 0.5 m to 1.75 m for corn, clover, and potato. Field evaluations used view angles of 0° and 5°, and heights from 0.5 m to 1.25 m for green beans, green peppers, eggplants, grass, and ground. Regardless of plant type and height, results from the lab suggest that DESA sensor accuracy decreases about 0.5% with one unit increase in angle's degree. When corn was used, the sensor accuracy dropped almost 9%. Results for the field showed that the lowest accuracy (92%) was observed at the green beans with 1.25 height. Field tests with active water spray yielded significantly different measurements from without water spray, but sill had accuracies > 97%. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using ultrasonic sensors for DESA.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Combined effects of irrigation level and fertilization practice on yield, economic benefit and water-nitrogen use efficiency of drip-irrigated greenhouse tomato

    Wu Y.Zhao W.Fan J.Zhang F....
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.The over-application of irrigation and chemical fertilization in the greenhouse vegetable production system (GVPS) in China can jeopardize fruit quality, compromise economic profit and waste resources. Seeking optimal water and fertilizer supply mode for GVPS is urgently required to improve resource use efficiency and economic benefit. A greenhouse experiment was conducted during four consecutive tomato growing seasons to investigate the combined effects of various irrigation levels and fertilization practices on yield, fruit quality, economic benefit, water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of drip-fertigated tomato, and to obtain the optimal water and fertilizer supply practice by the principal component analysis (PCA). On the basis of full irrigation (W1: 100%ETc, ETc was the crop evapotranspiration), two deficit irrigation levels (W2: 75%ETc, W3: 50%ETc) were set. Except for the conventional fertilization practice used by local farmers (CC: chicken manures for basal application and chemical fertilizer for topdressing), four other fertilization practices were considered, including soluble organic fertilizers for topdressing (SO), soluble chemical fertilizers for topdressing (SC), both soluble organic and chemical fertilizers for topdressing (SOSC), and a control with no fertilizer application under full irrigation (CK). The results showed that SOSC obtained relatively high plant nitrogen uptake, net profit and WUE, and significantly improved tomato yield. Organic fertilizers addition reduced nitrate content in tomato fruits. Deficit irrigation promoted CC to obtain higher WUE than SC. According to the result of PCA, the comprehensive ranking of SOSC was first among the fertilization practices, regardless of irrigation levels and growing seasons. W1SOSC and W2SOSC were highly recommended for greenhouse tomato production in spring and autumn seasons, respectively.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Water deficit index to evaluate water stress status and drought tolerance of rainfed barley genotypes in cold semi-arid area of Iran

    Feiziasl V.Jafarzadeh J.Sadeghzadeh B.Mousavi Shalmani M.A....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Drought and heat are major stresses that adversely affect crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. This study assessed the water stress status of rainfed barley genotypes and identified their critical drought stress threshold in the cold semi-arid area of Iran. The field experiments were conducted at the Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh, Iran in 2015–16 and 2017–18. The experimental design was a split-plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots included two water regimes, rainfed (stress) and supplemental irrigation, and the subplots included 15 barley genotypes. Data were collected for grain yield, and its components, surface temperature (Ts) taken at six crop growth stages from flag leaf to soft dough, and normalized differences vegetative index (NDVI) at seven crop growth stages from the first node to the soft dough. The water deficit index (WDI) was determined using NDVI and the difference between Ts and air temperature (Ta). Based on the WDI, the critical water stress and temperature thresholds for genotypes were 0.59, and 24.3 °C, respectively. The identified temperature threshold was equivalent to 7.2 mm day?1 evapotranspiration (ET0) and 4.3 kPa vapor pressure deficient. The genotypes experienced a maximum drought stress when the WDI, Ts, and ET0 reached 1.01, 34.6 °C (upper limit), and 11.6 mm day?1, respectively. The critical drought threshold happened 254 days after the sowing date. WDI had strong negative correlation with both grain and biological yields. According to WDI, Ghara Arpa, Kuban-06, and Ansar genotypes were placed in the drought-tolerant group and are suitable for rainfed conditions, whereas ARM-ICB, Sahand, Sararood1, and Ste/Antares//YEA762 genotypes were more suitable for supplemental irrigation conditions. It can be concluded that WDI could effectively discriminate genotypes into tolerant and susceptible groups, and identify the starting time of water stress under rainfed conditions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A framework based on high-resolution imagery datasets and MCS for forecasting evaporation loss from small reservoirs in groundwater-based agriculture

    El Bilali A.Taleb A.Taghi Y.Briouel O....
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021In arid and semi-arid regions, evaporation from small irrigation reservoirs can be a significant source of water loss. Since groundwater is a major source of water supply for irrigation, evaporation losses from irrigation water reservoirs represent a challenging aspect in aquifers governance in such limited-water areas. Estimating these losses is crucial for water resource managers to regulate irrigation reservoirs development and to implement appropriate mitigation measures. Several practical challenges make the individual inventory and monitoring of small irrigation reservoirs unfeasible, especially in large irrigation perimeters with dynamic irrigated surfaces. Thus, significant uncertainty is generally associated with the determinist estimation of evaporation from small irrigation reservoirs. This study is an attempt to develop remote sensing and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS)-based framework to estimate the evaporation loss from small irrigation water reservoirs used for storing groundwater pumped from the Berrechid aquifer, in Morocco. To that end, remote sensing datasets were validated using data of 49 known reservoirs to identify small reservoirs and their surface area over the growing season. An Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) of the remotely sensed results was conducted to process the outlier values. Meanwhile, MCS was implemented using 20000 iterations for developing a probabilistic model to estimate the annual evaporation loss associated with exceedance probabilities. The results showed that for an exceedance probability of 90% the associated annual evaporation loss is about 1.50 Mm3·yr?1 with a median of about 1.84 Mm3·yr?1. A sensitivity analysis (SA) of the model was conducted which revealed that the model is more sensitive to the pan coefficient (Cp) followed by reservoir area, and pan evaporation (EVP) for dry months. As for wet months, the SA showed that the model is more sensitive to the daily EVP. Overall, the study provides a new insight for forecasting evaporation loss from small reservoirs and, therefore, will help decision-makers to consider the uncertainty in evaluating the economic viability of mitigation measures. Furthermore, the methodology developed could be valuable in estimating the evaporation loss from the reservoirs in poorly monitored zones.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Environmental efficiency of wine grape production in Mendoza, Argentina

    Brummer B.Riera F.S.
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.The natural characteristics are a valuable asset for the production of wine grapes, but the availability of quality water and the composition of the soil are decisive in semi-arid areas. The province of Mendoza is a prestigious region for the production of wine that is going through a period of water scarcity, which implies a greater use of groundwater that could compromise the availability of resources and trigger salinity levels. This paper evaluates the environmental performance of winegrowers in the face of a productive threat such as the saline content in irrigation water. We estimate environmental efficiency based on a directional output distance function using the salinity hazard of irrigation as an undesirable output. The average environmental performance is 0.88 and it can be reduced by participating in producer groups, receiving technical assistance, increasing the density of the vineyard, and receiving an energy subsidy for irrigation. In addition, the shadow price of the salinity hazard reveals that higher salinity content in irrigation water and soil characteristics cause excessive irrigation at the expense of environmental and economic performance. Furthermore, the pre-existing market price relationship, water balance and district characteristics can deflate shadow prices, but only vineyards with joint water sources can benefit from this.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Integrated assessment of carbon footprint and economic profit from paddy fields under microbial decaying agents with diverse water regimes in central China

    Hao M.Li S.-H.Hu W.-L.Sheng F....
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Numerous studies have reported effects of straws with microbial decaying agents on greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields. However, studies regarding the effects of microbial decaying agents on carbon footprint and economic profit under diverse water regimes remained unclear. A two-factor field experiment was adopted to assess effects of different straw treatments (straw returning alone abbreviated as S, and straw returning with microbial decaying agent abbreviated as SMD) on CH4 and N2O emissions, rice yield, carbon footprint, economic profit and net ecosystem economic profit (NEEP) from paddy field under different water regimes (continuous flooding abbreviated as F, and alternation of wetting and drying abbreviated as AWD) in central China. Compared with S treatment, SMD treatment significantly enhanced the crop water productivity by 7.9%?8.4% and the rice yield by 7.3%?7.7%. Though SMD treatment increased the economic profit by 9.9%?18.5%, and the NEEP by 9.6%?18.0% relative to S treatment, it also resulted in higher the CH4 emissions by 12.7%?32.4% and global warming potential by 11.2%?21.5% regardless of water regimes. Water regimes had significant effects on the crop water productivity, rice yield, CH4 and N2O emissions, global warming potential, economic profit, NEEP and carbon footprint. Compared with F treatment, AWD treatment improved the crop water productivity by 51.7%?79.4%, maintained rice yield, increased N2O emissions by 17.7%?40.0%, and mitigated CH4 emissions by 33.2%?75.1%, which therefore resulted in lower global warming potential by 31.5%?69.8% and carbon footprint by 32.7%?66.0%. Moreover, AWD treatment significantly increased the economic profit by 25.4%?41.9% and the NEEP by 28.8%?46.6% relative to F treatment. Overall, the straw incorporated with microbial decaying agents is not an environmental friendly practice for the tradeoff of mitigation of CH4 emissions and increase in economic profit. It is necessary to further optimize straw treatment for mitigating CH4 emissions in order to develop rice sustainable production.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Reference crop evapotranspiration for data-sparse regions using reanalysis products

    Nouri M.Homaee M.
    17页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Reasonable estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) requires some climatic inputs which might be missing in areas with sparse data recording. This study aimed to assess performance of FAO56 Penman-Monteith (PM-ETo) fed by ERA5, MERRA2 and GLDAS2 outputs in estimating daily and monthly ETo under data limitation. The accuracy of PM-ETo calculated by interpolated factors and the temperature-based PM-ETo (PMT) was also studied. Additionally, performance of PM-ETo fed by the bias-corrected reanalysis products against the PMT with updated constant, i.e. recalibrated PMT, was investigated. Climatic data required to run PM-ETo were collected from 146 stations over Iran for 25 years. Results revealed that ERA5 provides more realistic daily and monthly ETo estimates relative to MERRA2 and GLDAS2 in 84% of cases. Furthermore, ERA5 surpassed the others in producing daily and monthly wind speed, vapor pressure deficit and mean temperature for the majority of locations. The average relative Mean Bias Error (rMBE) of ? 7.3% and 8.1% at monthly scale and of ? 11.1% and 9.8% at daily scale were found for MERRA2- and GLDAS2-estimated ETo, respectively, indicating ETo overestimation and underestimation by MERRA2 and GLDAS2, respectively. The ERA5 provided more satisfactory results, with normalized Root Mean Square Error of 15.2% and 22.7% for daily and monthly steps, respectively, relative to PMT for approximately 70% of sites. Moreover, ETo estimated by ERA5 had a smaller nRMSE than that simulated using the interpolated variables in around 60% of the sites. Therefore, under temperature data availability or existence of nearby sites, application of ERA5 is better suited to estimate ETo in our study area. The PM-ETo fed by bias-corrected ERA5 outputs also outperformed recalibrated PMT, illustrating that bias-correction seems to be a more accurate modification when complete datasets are available at least for a limited time. Overall, ERA5 products are robust surrogates for simulating ETo under data limitation on different temporal resolutions which is needed for decision making and planning processes.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Spatiotemporal variations of water productivity for cropland and driving factors over China during 2001–2015

    Yang S.Zhang J.Zhang S.Bai Y....
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Croplands play an important role in China's agricultural production and food security. However, the shortage of water resource due to climate change and unsuitable utilization poses heavy pressure on agricultural water use in China. Water productivity (WP), defined as the amount of crop production per unit of water consumption by croplands, provides a useful indicator for quantifying where the water can be used more effectively. To date, the spatiotemporal variations of cropland WP in China and its controlling factors at the interannual scale remain poorly understood. In this study, a remote sensing-based ecosystem model (i.e., Breathing Earth System Simulator, BESS) was applied to quantify and analyze the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of cropland WP in China during 2001–2015. The results showed cropland WP in China had high spatial heterogeneity, ranging from 0.27 to 3.91gC kg?1 H2O with an average of 1.86 ± 0.30 gC kg?1 H2O. Dry farmland and paddy field differed considerably in WP values across different regions. During 2001–2015, WP of most croplands (88%) exhibited significantly increasing trends, and dry farmland generally had greater increasing trends than paddy field among all regions. Contribution analysis revealed that the spatiotemporal variations of cropland WP during 2001–2015 were mostly attributed to remarkable increase of crop yield (i.e., GPP), except for some croplands in northwestern regions (e.g., GX) where WP variations were regulated by cropland water consumption (i.e., ET). Furthermore, we examined the driving factors of cropland WP interannual varibility (IAV), and found the dominant factor of WP IAV varied greatly between cropland types and regions. Overall, precipitation was the primary driver of cropland WP IAV at the national level, followed by air temperature and solar radiation. Besides, drought also plays a great role in manipulating WP IAV, especially the medium and long-term drought.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Optimized algorithm for evapotranspiration retrieval via remote sensing

    Wagner WolffMarin F.R.Folegatti M.V.Francisco J.P....
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Many algorithms for surface energy balance (SEB) based on remote sensing (RS) have been advanced to determine evapotranspiration (ET). These algorithms were developed for specific conditions (e.g., sensors, land use, and crop management) in which functions and empirical parameters within its algorithms concur with those conditions. Therefore, this study aims to develop a SEB-RS algorithm for retrieving ET adjusted to in situ observations. The study was conducted in two experimental fields in Brazil with the crops Jatropha curcas, maize, soybean, and sugarcane. We used multispectral images from the orbital sensors, Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) coupled in Landsat 8 satellite and from the terrestrial sensor, Altum, on board of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The proposed algorithm termed as Ground-truthed Surface Energy Balance (GT-SEB) is based on physical formulation of SEB-RS algorithms, where two extra computational processes using in situ ET observations were proposed for originating the new algorithm. The first additional process for optimizing the automatic “anchor” pixels selection and another for algorithm parameters optimization. Thus, both processes aim to reduce the difference between the observed ET and estimated by GT-SEB. Being assessed for both orbital (OLI/TIRS) and suborbital (Altum) sensors, the GT-SEB yielded excellent results (root-mean-square-error, RMSE, ≤ 0.48 mm and modified Kling-Gupta efficiency, KGE, ≥ 0.92). In addition to GT-SEB being an optimized algorithm, it uses a classic parameterization of SEB-RS algorithms, providing efficiency and scalability for other remote sensors, climates, and surfaces.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier