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Agricultural Water Management
Elsevier
Agricultural Water Management

Elsevier

0378-3774

Agricultural Water Management/Journal Agricultural Water ManagementSCIISTPEI
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    A coupled surface-subsurface flow model for simulating soil-water dynamics in lowland rice field under alternate wetting and drying conditions

    Dela Cruz, Kristelle Marie S.Lampayan, Rubenito M.Ella, Victor B.
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：The lack of coupled surface-subsurface flow models applied in lowland rice irrigation systems is the prime mover for this research. This study aimed to develop a coupled model that can capture the soil-water dynamics in paddy rice fields and to calibrate and validate the model using actual field data to serve as basis for irrigation water management using alternate wetting and drying (AWD) for lowland rice production systems. The zero-inertia surface flow model was internally coupled with the Richards-based subsurface flow model through Python scripts. Boundary conditions were set accordingly based on lowland rice field scenarios. Irrigation advance times were observed manually, while field water recession data were collected using wireless sensors. Model calibration showed acceptable results for the surface flow (R-2 >=& nbsp;0.99; SE >=& nbsp;0.97; RMSE <=& nbsp;3.14min), and subsurface flow (R-2 >=& nbsp;0.71; NSE >=& nbsp;0.60; MSE <=& nbsp;8.78mm; SD <= 5.51mm; AE <= 7.51mm) domains. Likewise, model validation yielded acceptable results for surface flow (R-2 >= 0.98; NSE >=& nbsp;0.88; RMSE <=& nbsp;6.12min) and subsurface flow (R-2 >= 0.76; NSE >=& nbsp;0.60; RMSE <= 10.87mm; SD < 7.91mm; AE <=& nbsp;8.28mm), respectively. Results also showed the model's capability to simulate water level fluctuations in AWD-irrigated rice fields during the wet and dry seasons under various rainfall scenarios. Model projections showed the need for AWD irrigation practice when the normal rainfall had been reduced by 75% during the wet season. Dry season simulations indicated the need for AWD under all rainfall scenarios. Simulation results have further unveiled the importance of the plow pan characteristics in influencing the soil-water flow behavior. This study was also able to address the limitations of the existing coupled models that could not meet the boundary conditions of paddy rice field settings. Ultimately, the model developed in this study could serve as basis for the development of optimum irrigation operation schemes in AWD-irrigated rice fields.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Interannual variability of water productivity on the Eastern Snake Plain in Idaho, United States

    Kelley, JasonOlson, Bailey
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Water productivity of crops must be increased to meet global demand for farm products while conserving limited water resources. Throughout the western United States, highly productive agricultural regions face more frequent and severe droughts and must allocate limited water resources among competing uses. Irrigated agriculture accounts for the majority of consumptive water use and has a proportionately important role in managing water shortage. Water productivity accounting helps inform objective decision making regarding these allocations at the regional, local, and farm scales. Publicly available data from several government agencies were reanalyzed and combined to quantify interannual changes in consumptive water use. Water productivity was determined using county-level crop survey data, satellite-based maps of evapotranspiration, and weather records for 21 counties located in the Eastern Snake Plain in the US state of Idaho for nine years during the period 2009-2019. Changes in water productivity over this period suggest trends that correspond to crop-specific irrigation practices, interannual variability in water supply, and regional attempts to curtail water consumption and improve water use efficiency. Results indicate that, at regional scales, water productivity for alfalfa can increase despite or as a result of water limited conditions, increasing from 0.5 to 1.75 kg ha(-1) m(-3) in some individual counties over the 10 year period, which may indicate increasingly efficient water use. Water productivity of barley and wheat crops also varied year to year, but did not demonstrate clear independence from total water consumption. Instead, irrigated areas and crops with adequate water supply follow a general trend of increased yield with increased water consumption, and the resulting water productivity approximately follows a linear function of actual evapotranspiration.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A benefit cost analysis of strategic and operational management options for water management in hyper-arid southern Peru

    Tapsuwan, SoradaPena-Arancibia, Jorge L.Lazarow, NeilAlbisetti, Melisa...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：This paper presents findings from a stochastic benefit-cost analysis (BCA) using Monte Carlo simulations to es-timate the probable values for net benefit and benefit cost ratio for a series of proposed strategic and operational water management options under climate change and socioeconomic development. The study is performed in the Tacna region in southern Peru, geographically within the Atacama Desert and under prevailing water scarcity conditions. We examined the benefits and costs to four main water users: urban, agriculture, mining and the environment over a 30-year time horizon. The main scenarios under consideration include reduced water de-mand from improved water use efficiency in the urban and agriculture sector, and investment in water supply infrastructure including inter-basin infrastructure and dams, a desalination plant, and increased groundwater extraction. Our findings suggest that implementation of demand-side management strategies, which in this instance is investment in water use efficiency technology and water conservation measures result in more favourable net benefit outcomes than investment in water supply infrastructures. The primary outcome of this study is to help the Regional Government of Tacna, Peruvian water authorities and water users, make more informed decisions about water investment options going forward, thereby supporting regional development opportunities.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Transparent plastic film combined with deficit irrigation improves hydrothermal status of the soil-crop system and spring maize growth in arid areas

    Wu, WenjieLi, YueQuan, HaoZhang, Tibin...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Plastic film mulching and irrigation amount greatly affect soil hydrothermal status and spring maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in arid areas. Yet the coupled effects of film mulching with different optical properties and deficit irrigation on water and temperature variation within the soil-crop system and on plant growth in arid areas have not been well-investigated. A two-year field experiment was conducted with five treatments: 1) full irrigation without mulching (FN), 2) full irrigation with transparent plastic film mulching (FT), 3) full irrigation with black plastic film mulching (FB), 4) deficit irrigation with transparent plastic film mulching (DT), and 5) deficit irrigation without mulching (DN). The results showed that plastic film mulching significantly increased soil water in the 80-120 cm soil layer and canopy air humidity. The alternating wet-dry behavior of soil water caused by plastic film mulching was an effective water utilization strategy that increased crop water productivity. DT stimulated the alternating wet-dry behavior of soil water in the 0-80 cm layer more than the FN. This alternating behavior was characterized by relatively wet soil at the 12-leaf growth stage (V12), relatively dry soil from V12 to the grain-filling growth stage (R3), and relatively wet soil again after R3. Alternating wet-dry behavior changed from wet to dry at V12 in 2019 and was earlier than V12 in 2020. Plastic film mulching significantly increased soil temperature at the six-leaf growth stage (V6) and decreased canopy air temperature during the whole maize growing seasons. The higher net photosynthesis rate was observed at the canopy air relative humidity of 78.6%. Net photosynthesis rate decreased with increasing canopy air temperature. FT, FB, DT, and FN significantly increased grain yields over DN by 39.7-45.8%, 25.5-41.8%, 18.2-33.4%, and 9.0-17.0%, respectively, and increased net income over DN by 894-1127, 436-979, 343-844, and 166-429 USD ha-1, respectively. DT decreased net income and output/input ratio by 28.1% and 10.9% in 2019, respectively, compared with FT. However, these values were 12.3% and 4.0% in the relatively wet growing season in 2020. Deficit irrigation combined with transparent plastic film mulching can ensure an acceptable maize grain yield and net income in arid areas with limited water resources, especially in growing seasons with greater rainfall.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Irrigation on the move: How transient farming partnerships facilitate the expansion of smallholder irrigation along ephemeral rivers in dryland areas of Kenya

    Duker, AnneliekePrasad, PoojaKarimi, Pooladde Fraiture, Charlotte...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Irrigation is commonly viewed as an activity fixed in time and place requiring permanent infrastructure. However, smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa engage in irrigation in diverse locations under different organizational modalities. This research analyses a flexible and dynamic form of irrigation driven by unique partnerships between migrants and local actors who derive benefits from land and water resources along a sand river. The case study of the ephemeral Olkeriai sand river in Kajiado, Kenya, was based on a baseline survey of 107 farm plots and 23 in-depth interviews with farmers. We found that 75% of the farm plots were managed under transient farming partnerships between migrant farmers and capital providers, locally known as tajiris, who leased land from local landowners to grow high-value market crops. These partnerships are based on flexible agreements between the actors and the frequent need to review and re-build them creates a fertile ground for new entrepreneurial players from within and outside the area, playing a key role in accelerating irrigation intensification and expansion. However, these irrigation ventures are not always successful. Unreliable partners, unstable market channels and increasing costs of irrigation inputs frequently result in farm losses and breaking up of partnership ventures. Furthermore, the lack of collective action among various resource users at the catchment level raises questions on how to sustainably manage the natural resources in sand rivers.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Assessing soil water balance to optimize irrigation schedules of flood-irrigated maize fields with different cultivation histories in the arid region

    Yi, JunLi, HuijieZhao, YingShao, Ming'an...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Water availability is the most critical restriction for sustainable crop plantation in the arid region; consequently, it is essential to quantify the soil water balance and optimize the irrigation schedules in the farmland. However, the effects of cultivation history on crop field water balance and optimized irrigation design were rarely studied. In this study, three typical maize (Zea mays L.) fields with different cultivation histories (i.e., old oasis maize field, OF; new maize field developed from a wetland, NFW; new maize field developed from the desert, NFD) in arid regions of Northwest China were selected, which had major differences in soil textures and GWLs. Based on one growth season (i.e., from April 30th to September 30th) in situ field monitoring (e.g., soil water content, maize growth index, meteorological data) and numerical model (HYDRUS-1D) simulation, the water balance and root water uptake deficit in these fields were quantified, and optimized irrigation schedules were proposed. During the maize growth period under the current irrigation schedule, the highest percolation was observed in OF (364 mm), followed by NFD (231 mm) and NFW (-52 mm). The soil water in NFW was obviously recharged by the capillary rise from groundwater, while the OF and NFD were not. Also, the most severe water deficit was identified in NFD, followed by NFW and OF. Compared with the current irrigation schedule, the irrigation was reduced by 65%, 45%, and 13% under the optimized irrigation amount in NFW, OF, and NFD, respectively. Furthermore, it was reduced by 84%, 61%, and 23% under both irrigation time and amount optimized in NFW, OF, and NFD, respectively. Under either optimized irrigation, the water deficit was relieved, deep percolation was reduced during the maize growth period, and less soil water was stored after maize was harvested. Especially under irrigation time and amount optimizing, the least irrigation times (4) and amount (90 mm) were applied in NFW among three fields, ascribing to a large amount of water recharge from shallow groundwater by capillary rise. Due to the soil texture differences, fewer irrigation times (6) with considerable single irrigation amount (30-70 mm) was recommended for OF with loamy soil, whereas more irrigation times (12) with less single irrigation (25-50 mm) were appropriated for NFD with sandy soil. It concluded that the effects of soil texture and GWL should be well considered for optimizing irrigation schedules.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Assessment of the climate change impacts on the watershed-scale optimal crop pattern using a surface-groundwater interaction hydro-agronomic model

    Akbari, FatemehShourian, MojtabaMoridi, Ali
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：In arid regions, water resources are under immense pressure and multiple stresses. Excessive use of water resources without proper management occurs in the present situation, and it will be intensified under future climate change conditions. Finding a good strategy for water resources management is essential to preserve sustainability in such watersheds. In this study, the first purpose is to optimize water use for the agricultural crops in the Eshtehard watershed in Iran, where the aquifer is a strategic resource for irrigated agriculture and is facing intensive drawdown because of over-extraction. A hydro-agronomic simulation-optimization approach is used for agronomy and groundwater management in which the agricultural production and water level variation are simulated by linking SWAT and MODFLOW, and the optimal crops pattern is searched for by the PSO algorithm. The crops' area and their irrigation water consumption are the decision variables with the objective of maximizing the net benefit gained from the crops' yield while the groundwater drawdown is limited to a predefined stability level. For the following purpose, the climate change impact on the optimal crop pattern across the watershed under two representative concentration pathways scenarios (RCPs 2.6 and 8.5) downscaled by the data of the HadGEM2-ES General Circulation Model for the near future is evaluated. Results show that irreparable damage to groundwater depletion is reduced in the optimum state, and lower stress is imposed on the aquifer under the climate change impacts by executing the optimum crop pattern. To see this, a part of the winter wheat and cotton crops' area must be replaced by winter barley. Also, the crop's irrigation amount must be decreased for winter wheat, winter barley and cotton by 45%, 7%, and 10%, respectively, which reduces groundwater extraction in the optimum situation.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Efficiency assessment of best management practices in sediment reduction by investigating cost-effective tradeoffs

    Liu, XiaChen, JunlaiLi, JinfengYu, Yang...
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：Efficient best management practices (BMPs) must be both economically and technically feasible; however, designing adequate BMP planning by considering the trade-offs between efficacy and cost-effectiveness is considerably challenging for reducing the environmental impact of soil erosion. To comprehensively evaluate and screen the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of six selected BMPs, we integrated the entropy weight method with the calibrated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The results demonstrate that (i) the hybrid use of the SWAT model and the entropy weight method can affordably help refine existing and future BMPs. Watershed management plans should be adjusted according to the wet season and critical source areas (CSAs) because all BMPs show differences in the reduction efficiency of soil erosion under different hydrological seasons and CSAs. (ii) Agricultural BMPs and tree planting can effectively control soil erosion; the reduction rankings in the whole watershed were as follows: > 15 degrees returning farmland to forest (32.16%), residue cover tillage (25.06%), strip tillage (16.43%), > 25 degrees returning farmland to forest (8.96%), contour tillage (8.75%), and no tillage (3.18%). The reduction in soil erosion in the wet season was 17.62 times higher than that in the dry season. Priority and reasonable allocation of BMPs in the wet season can be made according to the timely situation and local conditions of the Yanhe River watershed. (iii) The reduction effects of various BMPs on soil erosion in different CSAs are different. The highest comprehensive evaluation index of both efficacy and cost-effectiveness among the six BMPs was scored by residue cover tillage, which we recommend to be popularized in CSAs of the Yanhe River watershed. In areas with different erosion intensities, strip tillage was also highly efficient, that is, the cost was low, and the reduction effect adequate; hence, it is also suitable for large-scale popularization. Some cultivated lands on the > 15 slope can be selectively returned to forest, supplemented by conservation tillage practices such as strip tillage, residue cover tillage, and contour tillage. The introduced framework can be adapted as a suitable tool for selecting cost-effective conservation practices in different regions by managing efficacy and cost trade-offs.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Investigation of a composite two-phase hedging rule policy for a multi reservoir system using streamflow forecast

    Kisi, OzgurMostaghimzadeh, EhsanAdib, ArashAshrafi, Seyed Mohammad...
    17页
    查看更多>>摘要：Long-term changes in reservoir inflow due to climate changes and human interference violate the assumptions of hydrologic stationarity especially in the reservoir design. Utilization of uncertain prediction into a reservoir operating rule curves somehow reflects the challenges that imposed by nonstationary conditions. This study proposes a hedging based policy incorporated forecast term to manage release decisions in two separate phases. Hedging is applied firstly regarding to reservoir water level similar to conventional hedging rules and secondary according to an extra simulation in the near future. To determine the time interval of future effects, an exterior optimization model is introduced to handle the trade-off between forecast uncertainty and future information which imposed by forecast horizon. Future inflows are forecasted introducing a model including a wrapper-based feature selection method and AdaBoost.RT as a learning algorithm. The results of applying the model to a real six reservoir system in IRAN showed that incorporating future inflows into the real time decisions significantly improves the total squared relative deficit about 20% and 10% compared to conventional hedging rule curve (CHRC) and standard operation policy as objective function. Also having a glance at the near future reduces the vulnerability of the system about 5% and 27% respectively against CHRC and SOP. The results also showed that, although the SOP reaches to a best reliability of satisfying water demands in total system as 31% and 27% better than CHRC and the proposed two-phase policy, but the number of intensified failures was higher than two others which somehow influences on volume-based indices like vulnerability.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Machine learning and regression-based techniques for predicting sprinkler irrigation's wind drift and evaporation losses

    Mattar, Mohamed A.Roy, Dilip KumarAl-Ghobari, Hussein M.Dewidar, Ahmed Z....
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Wind drift and evaporation losses (WDEL), which can occur as a result of operational and meteorological factors, are two of the most significant sprinkler-irrigation losses that can occur even in a well-managed irrigation sys-tem. A proper understanding of factors that influence WDEL in sprinkle irrigation is critical for developing water conservation strategies that significantly impact the quality and return on investment of irrigation projects. The specific objective of this research was to determine the predictive ability of five soft computing approaches (artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), probabilistic linear regression (PLR), and support vector regression (SVR)) for pre-dicting WDEL on a sprinkler irrigation system under design, operational, and meteorological conditions. Datasets were collected from previously published studies conducted under a variety of conditions. The results showed that the five approaches yielded statistically different WDEL predictions. The ANN model produced the most accurate WDEL predictions compared to the other models with the training and testing dataset. The ANFIS, MARS, PLR, and SVR models' performance ranks were found to be inconsistent across a variety of statistical performance criteria. Hence, Shannon's entropy-based decision theory was used to rank these models. The MARS model was ranked second (0.896), followed by the ANFIS model (0.865), the PLR model (0.833), and the SVR model (0.794). The design variable "auxiliary nozzle diameter" and climate variable "wind speed" both had high contribution ratios (17.5% and 12.19%, respectively) in WDEL modeling to produce a robust predictive model. In general, the developed models, particularly the ANN model, demonstrated a high degree of accuracy in esti-mating the WDEL of sprinkler irrigation systems.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier