首页期刊导航|Agricultural Water Management
期刊信息/Journal information
Agricultural Water Management
Elsevier
Agricultural Water Management

Elsevier

0378-3774

Agricultural Water Management/Journal Agricultural Water ManagementSCIISTPEI
正式出版
收录年代

    Chelated copper reduces yet manganese fertilizer increases calcium-silica fouling in brackish water drip irrigation systems

    Muhammad T.Liu Z.Ma C.Li Y....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Water scarcity and deficiency of trace elements (e.g., Cu and Mn) in soils of arid and semi-arid areas are major constrains to crop growth and development. The application of brackish water drip irrigation system (BWDIs), coupled with trace elements, is probably an effective way to solve this problem. However, fouling problems caused by trace elements in BWDIs were inevitable. Therefore, this paper evaluates the mechanism of different types of trace element chelated fertilizers on the fouling of emitters in BWDIs by using long-period, high-frequency periodic flow monitoring and mineral fraction analysis. The influence of chelated fertilizers such as copper (EDTA-Cu) and manganese (EDTA-Mn), and traditional micro-fertilizers copper sulfate (CuSO4) and manganese sulfate (MnSO4) on emitter fouling in BWDIs were investigated. Results suggested, compared with CK, the EDTA-Cu effectively alleviated the emitter fouling, increasing the average discharge ratio (Dra) and Christiansen coefficient of uniformity (CU) by 21.0%? 28.9% and 36.7%? 67.6%, respectively. Due to the strong adsorption ability, EDTA-Cu adsorb the Ca2+ and Mg2+ in BWDIs, which enhanced the structural stability, reduced the flocculation and deposition ability in the fouling, and indirectly reduced the content of calcium and silica fouling. In addition, compared with CK, the EDTA-Mn significantly aggravated the emitter fouling in BWDIs, decreasing the Dra and CU by 18.2%? 22.5% and 24.5%? 43.1% respectively. EDTA-Mn directly increased the content of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in BWDIs due to strong flocculation, which destroyed the morphology of EDTA-Mn chelates and indirectly increased the content of calcium silica fouling (calcite, muscovite, k-feldspar, dolomite and chlorite), thus reduced the anti-clogging ability of BWDIs. Considering these results, this study does not recommend the application of EDTA-Mn for manganese fertilizer in BWDIs. This study provides a new perspective on the rapid application of micronutrient fertilization in BWDIs, with potential implications for sustainable development in arid and semi-arid areas.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    An atmospheric and soil thermal-based wheat crop coefficient method using additive crop growth models

    Gu N.Zhang J.Wang G.Liu C....
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Accurate crop evapotranspiration simulation is vital for reasonable irrigation planning. The two-step method for crop evapotranspiration estimation has been widely used for irrigation water demand management. However, in the two-step method, the crop coefficient (Kc) is typically taken as a constant in crop growth stages, which may result in a certain error in evapotranspiration estimation. It is of significance to estimate Kc accurately for effective water resources management. Based on three-year lysimeter experimental data collected from the Wudaogou Station for Hydrology and Water Resources, this study proposes a thermal-based Kc method for actual crop evapotranspiration estimation. The proposed thermal-based Kc method uses air temperature and soil heat flux as input variables, which could mainly characterise the thermal effect on crop growth from the atmosphere and soil. Results showed that the proposed method is effective in estimating Kc. The estimated Kc highly correlates with actual Kc values, which are derived from lysimeter observation, with correlation coefficient above 0.87 and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency above 0.70. The proposed method could estimate Kc daily, which can be used to estimate crop evapotranspiration accurately.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Development and evaluation of drip irrigation and fertigation scheduling to improve water productivity and sustainable crop production using HYDRUS

    Surendran U.Madhava Chandran K.
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Different nutrient application levels on okra's (Abelmoschus esculentus) growth and yield under drip fertigation was evaluated with a field experiment in comparison with flood irrigation. Results showed that drip fertigation improved the okra's yield by 142% compared to surface flood (channel) irrigation and that this increase was statistically significant. An increase in nutrient applications above a recommended dose of fertilizers also significantly improved the yield by up to 100%. The HYDRUS model was calibrated and validated using the experimental data and various statistical parameters were used for comparing observed and predicted soil water content data. The volumetric soil water contents calculated using the HYDRUS model showed a good agreement with values measured at different horizontal and vertical distances from the drip emitter. The results also confirmed that soil water contents under drip irrigation were uniformly distributed within the root zone (i.e., 45 cm both vertically and horizontally from the plants). However, soil water contents were relatively low and showed larger variations within the plants' root zone under flood irrigation. Irrigation scheduling was simulated for the demonstration plots using the calibrated HYDRUS model for their respective soil conditions and validated with field observed soil water contents. An application of nutrients through drip fertigation improved crop yields in all demonstration plots, and an increase in yield over the control (flood irrigation) ranged from 13% to 317%. The benefit-cost ratio of drip fertigation for demonstration plots ranged from 2.05 to 3.50 for selected crops. Our study highlights that the adoption of drip fertigation with proper irrigation and nutrient scheduling (evaluated using HYDRUS) increases crop productivity and ensures higher efficiency of water, nutrients, soil fertility, environment sustainability, and profitable farming in Kerala.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Remote sensing assessment of available green water to increase crop production in seasonal floodplain wetlands of sub-Saharan Africa

    Ayyad S.Langensiepen M.Becker M.Ribbe L....
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The AuthorsProducing more food for a growing population requires sustainable crop intensification and diversification, particularly in high-potential areas such as the seasonal floodplain wetlands of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). With emerging water shortages and concerns for conserving these multi-functional wetlands, a further expansion of the cropland area must be avoided as it would entail increased use of blue water for irrigation and infringe on valuable protected areas. We advocate an efficient use of the prevailing green water on the existing cropland areas, where small-scale farmers grow a single crop of rainfed lowland rice during the wet season. However, soil moisture at the onset of the rains (pre-rice niche) and residual soil moisture after rice harvest (post-rice niche) may suffice to cultivate short-cycled crops. We developed a methodological approach to analyze the potential for green water cultivation in the pre- and post-rice niches in the Kilombero Valley Floodplain in Tanzania, as a representative case for seasonal floodplain wetlands in SSA. The three-step approach used open-access remote sensing datasets to: (i) extract cropland areas; (ii) analyze soil moisture conditions using evaporative stress indices to identify the pre- and post-rice niches; and (iii) quantify the green water availability in the identified niches through actual evapotranspiration (AET). We identified distinct patterns of green water being available both before and after the rice-growing period. Based on the analyses of evaporative stress indices, the pre-rice niche tends to be longer (~70 days with average AET of 20–40 mm/10-day) but also more variable (inter-annual variability >30%) than the post-rice niche (~65 days with average AET of 10–30 mm/10-day, inter-annual variability <15%). These findings show the large potential for cultivating short-cycled crops beyond the rice-growing period, such as green manure, vegetables, maize, and forage legumes, by shifting a portion of the nonproductive AET flows (i.e., soil evaporation) to productive flows in form of crop transpiration. A cropland area of 1452 to 1637 km2 (53–60% of the total cropland area identified of 2730 km2) could be cultivated using available green water in the dry season, which shows the significance of such change for food security, livelihoods, and resilience of the agricultural community in Kilombero. A wider application of the developed approach in this study can help identifying opportunities and guiding interventions and investments towards establishing sustainable intensification and diversification practices in floodplain wetlands in SSA.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Evaluation of a simplified methodology to estimate the CWSI in olive orchards

    Sanchez-Pinero M.Martin-Palomo M.J.Andreu L.Moriana A....
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The AuthorsThe canopy temperature is a promising methodology for deficit irrigation scheduling. This measurement is used to calculate the crop water stress index (CWSI), which needs the estimation of non-water stress baseline (NWSB). In olive orchards, NWSB changed at different times of the day and throughout the season. The aim of this work was to evaluate a simplified methodology for estimating NWSB to allow reducing costs and facilitate the CWSI estimation. The experiment was performed during two consecutive seasons (2020 and 2021) in a young super-intensive density olive orchard (Olea europaea L. cv Manzanillo). Three irrigation treatments were evaluated in a completely randomized design with 6 repetitions: Control, Full Irrigated; Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI) with a period of water stress during pit hardening, and Rainfed. The midday stem water potential and leaf conductance were measured every week during the irrigation season. The canopy temperature was measured with a low-cost thermal camera attached to a tablet. The CWSI was estimated for the same trees used to measure the midday stem water potential and leaf conductance. The NWSB was calculated in different ways, considering several simplifications. Firstly, NWBS was obtained using previously published equations (one or several equations throughout the season). Secondly, climate data were measured in the orchard together with the canopy temperature or using daily values from a weather station nearby. CWSI estimations using different equations were closely related (R2 = 0.95; MSE = 0.008) and one fit was considered successful. Although the differences in the values from different sources was considerable and significant, the CWSI estimation did not present major variations and the use of data from the weather station could be assumed in commercial orchards. The CWSI successfully identified water stress in Rainfed conditions, mainly when the stomata closure was detected. However, the differentiation between Control and RDI was limited.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Effects of organic amendment incorporation on maize (Zea mays L.) growth, yield and water-fertilizer productivity under arid conditions

    Zhang W.Xiong Y.Li Y.Qiu Y....
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Land degradation is one of the world's most pressing environmental problems and a constraint to agricultural production. Application of diverse organic amendments provides a management strategy to compensate for soil organic carbon depletion and reduce land degradation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different organic amendments on soil properties, crop growth and water-fertilizer productivity under arid conditions. Soil in a maize field located in the upper reaches of Yellow River was amended with sheep manure compost and maize stover respectively. Five different application rates (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 t ha-1) were carried out for the compost, and maize stover (6 t ha-1) combined with two different decomposing agents were implemented. Main component of the decomposing agent was Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum, respectively. Soil aggregation and physical-chemical properties were generally improved with the incorporation of compost and maize stover. The addition of compost and maize stover reduced the bulk density and increased the field capacity, soil organic matter, aggregate stability and the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The emergence rate and maize growth properties improved in the organic materials amended plots. However, soil properties and crop growth non-monotonically varied with application rate of compost. The addition of different decomposing agents in maize stover amended plots did not show significant impact on most soil properties, but improved soil nutrient status, crop growth and yield with different levels compared with maize stover alone. Comprehensive analysis of yield, crop water productivity and partial factor productivity for nitrogen, incorporation of compost at a rate of 5–6 t ha-1 or 6 t ha-1 maize stover combined with Bacillus subtilis was recommended as a proper strategy in loamy soil under arid conditions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Water management policy analysis: Insight from a calibration-based inexact programming method

    Wang S.Tan Q.Zhang T.
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Predicting the impacts of water management policies under uncertainty can support policy-makers in making sound decisions. Most previous methods for policy-impact simulation lacked a calibration process that would allow model results to match observed values, and did not address the inherent uncertainties. To fill this methodological knowledge gap, an interval credibility-constrained positive mathematical programming (ICPMP) approach was first developed in this study for simulating the impacts of water management policies. This method improved over traditional positive mathematical programming in terms of uncertainty treatment. It also improved upon inexact programming methods through activating a calibration process. ICPMP was then coupled with a multi-attribute decision-making approach, leading to a simulation-evaluation method that could support the analysis and screening of policy alternatives. This method has been applied to an agricultural water management problem in northwestern China. Various policy alternatives corresponding to different water prices and varied fuzzy credibility levels of water availability were investigated. The impacts of these alternatives over farmers’ income, irrigation water consumption, benefit per cubic meter of water, planting area, and fertilizer use were simulated through ICPMP. Forty policy alternatives with better indicator performances were selected to be comprehensively evaluated using the multi-attribute decision-making approach. The results indicated that when the decision-makers have a positive preference for water availability, the water price at the turning point of water use efficiency (i.e. benefit per cubic of water) was recommended. When decision-makers have conservative attitude towards water availability, it was recommended to keep the water price unchanged. Comparisons of ICPMP against traditional methods indicated that, ICPMP could generate more reliable results through incorporating uncertain information as inputs and reproducing actual situation. As well, solutions of ICPMP could provide in-depth analysis of the trade-offs between violation risk and system benefits. ICPMP and the associated simulation-evaluation method are also applicable to analyze other types of policies.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Melatonin alleviates the adverse effects of water stress in adult olive cultivars (Olea europea cv. Sevillana & Roughani) in field condition

    Gholami R.Fahadi Hoveizeh N.Zahedi S.M.Gholami H....
    17页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Olive trees are considered among the most resilient crops in Mediterranean basin. However, prolonged water stress may adversely affect plant productivity and quality of fruits and oil. Therefore, it is essential to design new agronomic strategies to improve plant water stress tolerance and secure yield and product stability of this important agricultural crop. Under water deficit, plants cope with serious threats, and melatonin (MEL), as a versatile signaling biomolecule, can play a crucial role in morphological and physiological modifications of plants able to enhance drought stress tolerance. In this view, the current research aimed at elucidating the potential beneficial role of exogenous foliar application of MEL (0 and 100 μM) to Sevillana and Roughani olive cultivars under different water stress levels (100%, 75%, and 50% ET). In particular, the morphological, physiological and biochemical changes occurring in leaves treated with or without MEL and the quality of fruits and oil were discussed. A decrease of electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content as well as an increase of relative water content (RWC) in MEL-sprayed leaves of drought stress trees were observed. The application of MEL was also associated with higher K+ to Na+ ratio, Ca2+ content, phenolic and soluble carbohydrates contents and a lower decline chlorophyll (Chl) levels. MEL-treated leaves also showed higher catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities, responsible for scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during drought stress in a severity-dependent manner. MEL-foliar application enhanced the oil content and yield in the olive fruits in both cultivars compared to the untreated ones. Since MEL was also able to exert a beneficial effect on both Sevillana and Roughani cultivar trees by improving their crop water productivity (WPc) under water deficit, it can be considered an effective eco-friendly candidate to minimize the detrimental consequences of water stress.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Effects of deficit irrigation on nitrogen uptake and soil mineral nitrogen in alfalfa grasslands of the inland arid area of China

    Wu W.Wu X.Wang Z.Yang H....
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Soil nitrogen (N) availability is fundamental for N uptake and biomass accumulation by plants and is affected by irrigation management. Deficit irrigation is an efficient strategy to manage soil moisture for crop production. However, responses of N uptake and soil mineral N to deficit irrigation are not yet clear in alfalfa grasslands. A 2-year trial with alfalfa was carried out using two irrigation systems, flood and subsurface drip irrigations, at three irrigation levels: full irrigation, slight water deficit irrigation (70% of full irrigation), and moderate water deficit irrigation (50% of full irrigation) for the whole growth period. The N uptake (Nuptake) and N use efficiency (NUE) of alfalfa, as well as the soil mineral N, were measured. The Nuptake by plant organs decreased with increasing deficit level of irrigation, but slight deficit irrigation barely reduced Nuptake as compared to full irrigation. Deficit irrigation led to a decrease in dry matter yield, especially in the 2nd year, but slight deficit irrigation reduced it little. In contrast, total N concentration in plant organs barely changed with the deficit level of irrigation, suggesting that biomass growth, rather than change in N concentration, may play a major role in regulating Nuptake. The NUE of alfalfa barely changed with the deficit level of irrigation, although there was a decreasing tendency in the 2nd year. There were significant correlations between Nuptake and NUE of alfalfa with soil ammonium N content, suggesting that this form of N is relatively short-lived and nitrate N may be adequate to meet the growth requirement of alfalfa. In practice, it is recommended that slight deficit irrigation should be set up during alfalfa production in the inland arid area of China.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Compounding with humic acid improved nutrient uniformity in drip fertigation system using brackish water: The perspective of emitter clogging

    Wang Y.Muhammad T.Liu Z.Ma C....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Brackish water drip irrigation (BWDI) is an effective application to overcome the water scarcity issues and achieve sustainable agriculture development. However, emitter clogging and soil salinization is inevitable issue in BWDI, eventually threatening the environmental pollution and sustainable application of drip irrigation systems. Therefore, this study experimentally assessed the anti-clogging efficacy of compounding appropriate types of humic acid (HA) with conventional fertilizer in BWDI systems (BWDIs). Humic acid nitrogen (HAN), humic acid phosphate (HAP), humic acid potassium (HAK), were compounded with conventional fertilizers. Our results revealed, compared with conventional fertilizer (CK) the HA treatments indirectly affected the precipitates and particulate fouling by absorbing the active functional groups, and directly decreased the pH, calcium and magnesium contents in brackish irrigation water. Accordingly, HA compound fertilizer significantly reduced the fouling content of drip irrigation system, and the anti-clogging effect became better with the increase of HA application. Thus, based on better anti-clogging performance and minimum fertilizer costs, our results suggested, the HAN+HAK integrated fertigation could be an effective selection for BWDIs, which significantly enhanced the average discharge ratio and Christiansen coefficient of nutrient uniformity in BWDIs by 16.0% and 19.0% respectively. These results might provide a new guideline for the successful application of HA compound fertilizer in BWDIs, to increase the drip irrigation anti-clogging ability and overcome the agricultural non-point source pollution issues.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier