首页期刊导航|Applied Soil Ecology
期刊信息/Journal information
Applied Soil Ecology
Elsevier Science B.V.
Applied Soil Ecology

Elsevier Science B.V.

0929-1393

Applied Soil Ecology/Journal Applied Soil EcologySCIISTP
正式出版
收录年代

    Bacterial inoculants improved the growth and nitrogen use efficiency of Pyrus betulifolia under nitrogen-limited conditions by affecting the native soil bacterial communities

    Cheng, XiaoyueDai, JinghuiGui, PengSun, Yangyang...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Increases in crop yield are traditionally supported by the application of high doses of chemical fertilizers, which can have negative environmental impacts on ecosystems. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are increasingly of interest due to their diverse agricultural benefits, but their effects on native soil bacterial communities and their related ecological roles are poorly understood. Currently, high-throughput sequencing provides an opportunity to gain insight into these aspects. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of three PGPR strains (Paenibacillus sp. RF2, Bacillus sp. RC25 and RC3) on the growth of Pyrus betulifolia seedlings under nitrogen (N)-limited conditions and to reveal whether they promote the succession of native soil bacterial communities involved in N supply. Our data showed that all strains significantly enhanced multiple growth parameters of P. betulifolia seedlings, and the strains were ranked in the order RC3 > RF2 > RC25 based on these effects. A similar pattern was also observed for soil urease activity and root vitality. As expected, bacterial inoculants changed the bacterial communities, and increases in the relative abundances of Ideonella, Pseudomonas, Pseudoduganella, Lactococcus and unclassified genera in Rhodocyclaceae and Comamonadaceae were observed with all or two of the inoculation treatments. The predicted results based on PICRUSt2 showed that all inoculation treatments significantly increased the relative abundances of nitrogenase. Furthermore, Ideonella and one unclassified genus in Rhodocyclaceae were mainly associated with nitrogenase and urease, and urease was also related to one unclassified genus in Comamonadaceae and Micropepsis. These results show that the tested strains could change native bacterial communities that take part in the N cycle and improve the N use efficiency of P. betulifolia seedlings under N-limited conditions. The information obtained in this study improves our understanding of the ecological roles of bacterial inoculants and identifies a potential strategy for enhancing the growth of P. betulifolia seedlings and reducing the use of chemical N fertilizer in breeding processes.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Effects of field inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and endophytic fungi on fruit quality and soil properties of Newhall navel orange

    Cheng, Xiao-FenLi, YanLiu, Ben-YongLiu, Chun-Yan...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Beneficial fungi - including difficult - to - culture arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the culturable endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica - play positive roles in hosts under controlled conditions, whereas information regarding the application of these fungi in field citrus (a mycorrhizal - dependent plant) is scarce. The present study aims to analyze the effects of two AMF species (Diversispora spurca and D. versiformis) and an endophytic fungus (P. indica) on the fruit quality and soil properties of Newhall navel oranges (Citrus sinensis Osbeck cv. Newhall) grafted on trifoliate oranges in the field. The results showed the improvement of root fungal colonization following fungal inoculation. The fungal inoculations increased the soil's acid, neutral, alkaline, and total phosphatase activity, as well as soil Bray-P content; increased the distribution of water-stable aggregates, mainly in the size range of 2-4 mm; and stimulated the production of easily extractable, difficultly extractable, and total glomalin-related soil proteins in a fungal-species-dependent manner, which was positively correlated with soil aggregate stability. Fungal inoculations, to some extent, improved external fruit quality, depending on the fungal species. Among the three fungi, only D. versiformis significantly increased the fruits' soluble solid content, but all three together promoted fruit glucose, fructose, and sucrose content. The two AMF species dramatically increased fruit phosphorus (P) content, while P. indica distinctly reduced it. D. versiformis also significantly elevated fruit potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn) content, D. spurca improved fruit copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), K, and Mg content, and P. indica increased fruit iron (Fe) and Zn content, compared with non-inoculated controls. Our results indicate that the field inoculation of citrus with AMF and P. indica partially improved fruit quality and soil properties, providing a pathway for P. indica to partially replace AMF in field citrus applications.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Aerobic environments in combination with substrate additions to soil significantly reshape depth-dependent microbial distribution patterns in Zoige peatlands, China

    Tian, JianqingLiu, LiangfengChen, HuaiZhong, Lei...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Climate warming is leading to the water table drawdown in peatlands, and a shift in the structure and productivity of vegetation communities. These events may alter the availability of oxygen and substrate utilized by soil microbes, which may impact the microbial decomposition rate in the different peat layers. We investigated the bacterial and fungal communities in surface (0-25 cm), subsurface (25-75 cm) and deep (> 76 cm) layers, and assessed the response of these communities to aerobic conditions and substrate of varying complexity additions to soils in Zoige peatlands, China. Bacterial and fungal communities varied in different peat layers, with the largest community sizes in the surface layer. The aerobic incubation significantly altered bacterial and fungal community compositions in the subsurface and deep layers. Both bacterial and fungal community size increased by 155% and 53% in the deep layer, respectively. Under aerobic conditions, substrate additions to soils significantly shifted fungal community compositions across all soil layers but not bacteria. Soil substrate increased the fungal community size by 130%-1000% in the subsurface layer without substantially altering bacterial abundance in any of the layers. Our results highlight the importance of vertical stratification in bacterial and fungal communities and the depth-dependent changes that occur under the influence of an aerobic environment and changes in the quality of the substrate. We suggest that fungi may be more sensitive to climate change than bacteria, especially in subsurface layers. Thus, this is an essential factor that needs to be considered when analyzing the role of microbes in peatland carbon dynamics.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Bioremediation of an oxyfluorfen-polluted soil using biostimulants obtained by fermentation processes: Effect on biological properties

    Tejada, ManuelMacias-Benitez, SandraCaballero, PabloGomez, Isidoro...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：We report a study of the bioremediation of two biostimulants obtained from sewage sludge by fermentation processes in a oxyfluorfen-polluted soil over a 72-day period under laboratory conditions. The effects thereof on enzymatic activities, bacterial community and the evolution of oxyfluorfen in soil are determined. At the end of the experiment, and compared with the non-polluted soil, dehydrogenase, urease, beta-glucosidase, and phosphatase activities in the oxyfluorfen-polluted soil decreased by 58.3%, 30.4%, 44.7%, and 48%. The application of oxyfluorfen decreased the relative abundance of the Firmicutes (24.5%) and Acidobacteria (8.3%) phyla, and increased the relative abundance of the Gaiellales order (Actinobacteria phylum). The application of both biostimulants to the soil increased the relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria phyla and decreased the relative abundance of the Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla. The relative abundance of the Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla increased when applying the experimental biostimulants in the polluted soil. Application of both biostimulants decreased soil oxyflurofen concentration, suggesting that the use of both biostimulants with higher amounts of low molecular weight proteins and peptides could be very useful on the remediation of oxyfluorfen-polluted soils.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Ecological maturity and stability of nematode communities in response to precipitation manipulations in grasslands

    Ankrom, Katharine E.Franco, Andre L. C.Fonte, Steven J.Gherardi, Laureano A....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Climate change is predicted to cause alterations in precipitation patterns in grasslands around the globe. The implications of these changes for soil biota and multiple key ecosystem functions that they regulate in grasslands is little known. We used soil nematodes as biological indicators in grassland ecosystems experiencing large shifts in precipitation in an arid, semiarid, and mesic grasslands. By calculating the nematode plant parasite index, maturity index, and its extensions: the enrichment, basal, channel, and structure index, we assessed grassland ecosystem response to five levels of manipulated precipitation over the course of two years. Nematode community structure described by these indices was sensitive enough to reflect community changes from the altered precipitation treatments and responded uniquely at each of the three sites. With increasing precipitation, nematode communities at the arid site became more enriched in species and switched to a more fungaldominated decomposition pathway. The semiarid site showed a decline in nematode maturity, structure, and fungally dominated decomposition, but greater levels of enrichment, basal resources, and herbivory. In the mesic site increasing precipitation led to a nematode community with greater maturity and structure and shifted toward a fungal decomposition channel that also reflected a lower level of enrichment and plant parasites. We performed an indicator analysis to identify nematode genera representative of each grassland site and precipitation level. Nematode indicator composition was found to be significantly affected by the levels of applied precipitation and across sites, highlighting specific genera that may be affected by future precipitation regimes such as Eucephalobus in the arid site or Trichodorus from the mesic site. Nematode community analysis allowed for the detection of strong influences on the soil food web caused from extreme and moderate precipitation manipulations. This finding stresses the need for more genera level studies to be done to reflect specific ecosystem responses to climate change as well as the need for more cross site studies as site-specific differences must be accounted for ecological interpretations.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Rhizosphere effect alters the soil microbiome composition and C, N transformation in an arid ecosystem

    Li, YanLi, WenjingLv, JieHe, Xuemin...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：Plants exert positive selection effect on rhizosphere microbes by influencing the nutrient conditions of the rhizosphere microenvironment, thereby changing the soil microbial structure and ecological function. In arid regions, water is the major limiting factor affecting the microbial activity and nutrient conversion. However, the effects of soil water availability on the ecological strategies and the C, N functional metabolism of desert mi-croorganisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that soil water availability and rhizosphere effect might alter the strategy for soil C, N utilization in the arid regions. To test the hypothesis, rhizosphere and bulk soil along a gradient of soil water availability in a dry area of northwestern China were analyzed. The soil samples were collected from Reaumuria songarica, Nitraria tangutorum, and Alhagi sparsifolia and were subjected to meta-genomic sequencing with a HiSeq system. The relative abundance of Gemmatimonas and Gemmatirosa increased with the increased soil water content, whereas the relative abundance of Microvirga and Nocardioides was decreased. The relative abundance of Azospirillum and Bradyrhizobium did not change with the water content as these microbial communities use limited-water, are drought-tolerant, and use inert strategies to adapt to different levels of water availability. The genes encoding ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) were more abundantly expressed in low water than in high to medium water availability (P < 0.05). The abundance of nitrate reduction genes decreased significantly with the increase in soil water availability, whereas that of denitrification genes increased. The relative abundance of the dissimilatory nitrate reduction process in the rhizosphere soil (44.83%) was significantly higher than that in the bulk soil (39.21%). It can be inferred that soil microorganisms adopt the nitrogen utilization strategy by increasing the ammonium nitrogen to mitigate reduced water availability and provide a nitrogen-rich environment to plant roots.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The effects of shallow flooding on carbon mineralization in a paddy soil: Constraints observed with the addition of straw

    Zeng, ManmanLiu, JunyanChen, YangyangLi, Song...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Major controversy still exists regarding the effects of flooding conditions on soil carbon (C) mineralization. Two 44-day incubation experiments were conducted to explore the effects of shallow flooding (SF) on the C mineralization of paddy soil at different temperatures (constant temperatures of 15, 20 and 25 degrees C, and variable temperatures between 15 and 25 degrees C) and rice-straw addition levels (0 to 60 g kg-1 soil), respectively. The results indicated that when compared with the no-flooding (70% water-holding capacity) conditions, the SF conditions could significantly increase the total cumulative C mineralized (C44) at each temperature regime (P < 0.05). The soil bacterial community structures significantly changed with the soil moistures, and the dominant phyla under no-flooding and SF conditions are Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, respectively. When compared with the noflooding treatments, the promoting effects of SF on the C mineralization were observed to gradually decrease with the increasing rice-straw additions to the soil. When the straw addition reached 20 g kg-1 soil, the C44 of the SF treatments was significantly lower than that of the no-flooding treatments (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the straw input levels could determine whether SF promoted the C mineralization in the soil. With the increasing straw additions to the soil, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the near-soil water gradually decreased in the SF treatments, which confirmed that the increased straw additions resulted in more active organic C, and its oxygen-consuming decomposition had resulted in an insufficient oxygen supply in the near-soil water. This may be one of the main reasons that the increasing straw input could restrict the promoting effects of SF on the C mineralization in the soil.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on the activity, abundance and community composition of aerobic methanotrophs in paddy soils

    Hu, Zheng-huaWu, Hong-shengLiu, XinShen, Li-dong...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：The elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO(2)) has a great impact on soil microbial communities and their functions; however, how the activity and communities of methanotrophs respond to eCO(2) in paddy ecosystem is poorly known. Here, we examined the effects of a 4-year exposure to eCO(2) (EC; ambient + 200 ppm) in open top chambers on the potential activity, abundance and community composition of methanotrophs in paddy fields in Nanjing City, China. The potential activity was measured in a slurry incubation under aerobic condition, and the community composition and abundance of methanotrophs were analyzed through Illumina Miseq sequencing and quantitative PCR of pmoA genes. The results demonstrated that EC significantly increased (p < 0.05) the methane oxidation potential and pmoA gene abundance of methanotrophs by 52.9%-56.7% and 83.5%-213.6%, respectively, during late rice growth stages as compared with ambient condition (CK). Further, the community composition of methanotrophs in soil changed significantly (p < 0.05), with the dominant methanotrophs shifting from type II under CK to type I under EC. The variation of soil dissolved organic carbon and inorganic nitrogen levels caused by eCO(2) had an important impact on the methane oxidation potential and methanotrophic community structure. Taken together, our results indicate that eCO(2) can have an important impact on the activity, abundance and community composition of methanotrophs, adding new insights into the effects of rising CO2 on methane cycling in paddy ecosystems.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Drivers of soil biodiversity vary with organism type along an extensive aridity gradient

    Ding, JingyiEldridge, David J.
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Soils harbor a diverse range of biodiversity, including microbes and soil animals, which are crucial in supporting ecosystem functions. Despite the well-known effects of biotic and abiotic factors on soil biodiversity, their relative importance on different soil organisms remains less known, reducing our ability to maintain multiple soil communities under environmental changes. We sampled 150 sites from humid to arid areas in eastern Australia to explore the direct and indirect effect of climate (aridity, temperature), soil properties (pH, texture, infiltrability), plants (woody structure and plant richness) and soil surface attributes (litter, biocrusts, surface morphology) on overall soil biodiversity and the richness of bacteria, fungi, invertebrates and protists. We found that the relative importance of biotic and abiotic attributes varied with soil organisms and specific phylum, with bacterial richness related to soil pH, total plant richness and surface stability, fungal richness associated with litter, invertebrate richness related to aridity and total plant richness, and protist richness associated with soil pH. Larger tree canopies, greater tree spacing and increasing aridity either suppressed (bacteria, fungi, protists) or enhanced (invertebrates) richness indirectly by either exacerbating the negative effect of litter depth and soil pH, or promoting the positive effect of groundstorey foliage cover. Our study provides empirical evidence of how different soil organisms respond to environmental changes, indicating trade-offs among soil communities with no single environmental condition can maximum soil biodiversity. Moreover, our results highlight that increasing dryness would results in fewer bacterial and invertebrate species, potentially leading to declines in soil biodiversity and ecosystem functions under the predicted hotter and drier climate.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Integrated application of inorganic fertilizer with fulvic acid for improving soil nutrient supply and nutrient use efficiency of winter wheat in a salt-affected soil

    Liu, XiaoyuanYang, JingsongTao, JianyuYao, Rongjiang...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Establishing better nitrogen (N) management strategies is of great significance for sustaining crop production and reducing environmental pollution. However, there is limited knowledge about N fertilizer management practices with soil nutrient supply, N leaching, crop productivity and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) reaching the desired level simultaneously. In this study, pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of N fertilizer and in combination with fulvic acid (FA) on NUE and nutrient supply in a moderate-salinized soil (with total salt content 3.30 g kg- 1 and EC1:5 1.18 dS m-1). Ten treatments were included: treatment without any addition (CK); 100%, 85% and 70% of the conventional inorganic N fertilizer addition rate (100% CF, 85% CF and 70% CF); 100% CF, 85% CF and 70% CF combined with 75 kg ha-1 FA (100% CF + F1, 85% CF + F1, and 70% CF + F1), respectively; and 100% CF, 85% CF and 70% CF combined with 150 kg ha- 1 FA (100% CF + F2, 85% CF + F2, and 70% CF + F2), respectively. In order to further investigate the effects of combining N fertilizer and FA applications on soil N leaching losses, part of the fertilizer management practices were selected to conduct a soil leaching experiment. The results demonstrated that the Olsen-P for the upper 20 cm of soil was significantly affected by N fertilization (P <= 0.01). In the treatments with inorganic fertilization alone, the concentration of soil mineral N at 0-10 cm soil depth decreased with decreasing level of fertilizer N, while Olsen-P content and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased with increasing N fertilizer application rate. The application of FA significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity. Overall, the total mineral N leaching losses increased exponentially with increasing annual fertilizer N application rates, while the addition of FA decreased the total mineral N leaching factor (TLFN). Furthermore, the results of multiple regression analysis revealed that wheat grain yield, plant P uptake, plant N uptake, harvest index of applied fertilizer N (HIN), partial factor productivity of applied fertilizer P (PFPP), recovery efficiency of P (REP) and recovery efficiency of N (REN) reached >= 85% of their maximum concurrently, when the application amounts of N fertilizer and FA varied from 300 to 370 kg ha- 1 and from 164 to 250 kg ha- 1, respectively. These results of this study provide a basis for appropriate nitrogen (N) management in salt-affected soils and for the improvement of the sustainability of agricultural development in China.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier