首页期刊导航|Applied Soil Ecology
期刊信息/Journal information
Applied Soil Ecology
Elsevier Science B.V.
Applied Soil Ecology

Elsevier Science B.V.

0929-1393

Applied Soil Ecology/Journal Applied Soil EcologySCIISTP
正式出版
收录年代

    Effects of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol at different concentrations on soil functionality and microbial community structure in the Lanzhou lily rhizosphere

    Cui J.Zhang E.Zhang X.Wang Q....
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.The autotoxicity of root exudates is an important factor that affects soil enzymes and microbes in rhizosphere soil. Previous studies have confirmed that 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) is a major autotoxin of the root exudates that severely hampers the yield and quality of Lanzhou lily. However, little is currently known regarding the mechanism of 2,4-DTBP. Here, we hypothesized that 2,4-DTBP has a direct effect on soil functionality and the microbial community structure in Lanzhou lily rhizosphere soil, thereby affecting the growth of Lanzhou lily. To test our hypothesis, various experiments were conducted in this study. We treated Lanzhou lily plants with 2,4-DTBP at different concentrations and analyzed the effects of 2,4-DTBP on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure and function. The diversity of soil microbes was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that 2,4-DTBP altered rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure and function. Moreover, microbial biomass was stimulated with the addition of 0.5 mM 2,4-DTBP and inhibited with the addition of 2.0 mM 2,4-DTBP. Thus, the 2.0 mM 2,4-DTBP treatment was not suitable for the growth of soil microorganisms. We also found that the 2.0 mM 2,4-DTBP treatment resulted in an increase in the levels of fungal pathogens, such as Fusarium, and reduced the size of beneficial bacterial populations in the rhizosphere soil. Moreover, the effects of 2,4-DTBP on soil functionality and the microbial community structure differed based on the concentrations of 2,4-DTBP and the specific indexes of determination. Thus, we concluded that 2,4-DTBP could inhibit soil functionality and disturb the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil. This finding may be important for understanding the relationship between autotoxicity and barriers and clarifying the long-term continuous cropping problems of Lanzhou lily.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Co-inoculation of Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium promotes growth and yield of common beans

    Leite R.D.A.Ferreira L.V.D.S.F.Barbosa E.S.Araujo A.P....
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Some strains of Bradyrhizobium benefit the biological N2 fixation (BNF) and growth of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) when co-inoculated with Rhizobium tropici under greenhouse conditions. Here, we evaluated the benefit of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens strain CPAC 7 co-inoculated with Rhizobium tropici strain CIAT 899 on common bean in the field. Three Bradyrhizobium strains were co-inoculated with R. tropici CIAT 899 in one experiment in the greenhouse and two in the field. The greenhouse experiment combined each of three Bradyrhizobium strains (29w, USDA 110, and CPAC 7) in co-inoculation with CIAT 899 in Leonard jars. Then, two of these strains, 29w and CPAC 7, were co-inoculated with Rhizobium on-seeds (1.2 × 106 CFU seed?1) or both on-seed and in-furrow (1.08 × 108 CFU m?1) in a field experiment. Finally, a second field experiment evaluated strain CPAC 7 at doses ranging from 1.5 × 105 to 1.2 × 106 CFU seed?1. Co-inoculation with strain CPAC 7 improved shoot biomass accumulation in Leonard jars. In the field, co-inoculation of CPAC 7 with CIAT 899 on-seed enhanced grain yield by 20% compared with inoculation of CIAT 899 only (p < 0.10). The percentage of N derived from the air (%Ndfa) was between 50 and 60%, with only a tendency towards co-inoculation benefit. Given that the %Ndfa of the inoculated plants was not statistically different between treatments, the increased grain yield was not entirely due to BNF but also due to an increase of soil N uptake. In the second field trial, larger doses of inoculum increased nodulation and root biomass, but significant differences in grain yield were not observed. Our results show that the Rhizobium-Bradyrhizobium co-inoculation can enhance growth and grain yield of common beans and indicate that a plant growth-promoting mechanism besides BNF may be involved in the beneficial co-inoculation effect. However, further adjustments are needed to ensure a better response under field conditions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Land-use change affects the diversity and functionality of soil bacterial communities in semi-arid Chaco region, Argentina

    Viruel E.Nasca J.A.Banegas N.R.Fontana C.A....
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021The semi-arid Chaco ecoregion has been heavily affected by the conversion of pastures to cropland. Our knowledge about the impact of land use change on soil microbial community diversity and functions in this region is limited. Here, we assessed the impact of different land uses and management practices (i.e.: ungrazed pasture, grazed pasture and cropping systems under zero and conventional tillage) on soil bacterial communities structure and functions, as well as their relations with edaphic properties. The taxonomic diversity of bacterial communities was mainly dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Alpha diversity was the highest in grazed pasture (OTU richness, Chao and Shannon), and it was the lowest in ungrazed pasture. Soil organic carbon, nitrogen and pH were the main determining variables of bacterial community composition and diversity. Predicted functional profiles revealed the gene abundances involved in amino acid, energy and carbohydrate metabolisms; and in categories related to nucleotide transport, metabolism, translation ribosomal structure, and biogenesis. These abundances were higher in agricultural than pastoral systems. Our results suggest that changes in soil physicochemical properties (i.e. SOC, TN and pH) associated with soil management practices cause shifts in the composition of soil bacterial communities and their metabolic functions in farming systems of the semi-arid Chaco region.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Earthworm (Pheretima guillelmi)-mycorrhizal fungi (Funneliformis mosseae) association mediates rhizosphere responses in white clover

    Srivastava A.K.Kuca K.Meng L.-L.Wu Q.-S....
    6页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Earthworms and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial organisms in the soil and play an important role in improving soil fertility and plant growth. The objective of this study was to analyze the response of single versus dual inoculation of earthworms (Pheretima guillelmi) and AMF (Funneliformis mosseae) on mycorrhizal growth, root morphology, and rhizosphere properties of white clover (Trifolium repens). Addition of earthworms significantly increased the degree of root AMF colonization, while decreased hyphal length and spore number in the soil. Single or dual inoculation of F. mosseae and P. guillelmi significantly increased root traits (total length, area, volume, and average diameter), soil phosphatase activities (acid, neutral, and alkaline), easily extractable and total glomalin-related soil protein content, the percentage of soil water-stable aggregates at the size of 2–4 mm, 1–2 mm and 0.5–1 mm, aggregate stability, Bray-P, and soil organic carbon (SOC) contents. Among them, the dual inoculation further amplified the effect on glomalin production, phosphatase activity, and aggregate stability, but did not show a superposition effect on root improvement, Bray-P, and SOC. Our study, hence, suggested that AMF and earthworms have synergistic roles in elevating rhizosphere properties vis-à-vis agronomic responses of white clover.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The loss of above- and belowground biodiversity in degraded grasslands drives the decline of ecosystem multifunctionality

    Cui H.Wang X.Liu Z.Liu K....
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.It is well established that grassland degradation negatively affects ecosystem functioning. Many studies have explored the changes of individual functions involved with grassland degradation, while fewer considered an ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) summarizing the multiple simultaneous changes in the response of ecosystem functions to grassland degradation. Further, how changes in multiple ecosystem functions with grassland degradation in relation to above- and belowground biodiversity has been rarely explored. Here we assessed the effects of grassland degradation on nutrient cycling, biological productivity and overall EMF in a Tibetan Plateau alpine grassland. We quantified both the direct effect of grassland degradation and indirect effects mediated by changes in plant richness, soil biodiversity and abiotic factors, on EMF. We found that 1) there were negative effects of grassland degradation on EMF, plant richness and soil biodiversity; 2) EMF was positively related to plant richness, soil biodiversity and soil moisture, but not with soil pH; 3) grassland degradation had a strong negative direct effect on EMF and the positive interaction between aboveground and belowground biodiversity enhanced the negative effects on EMF, especially, through plant richness. Our study reveals how grassland degradation affects EMF directly and indirectly through biotic and abiotic pathways and highlights the importance of both above- and belowground biodiversity for maintaining multiple ecosystem functions. Protecting belowground diversity is as important as preserving aboveground diversity for maintaining ecosystem functioning and the restoration of degraded grassland ecosystem.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Biochar amendment impacts on microbial community structures and biological and enzyme activities in a weathered tropical sandy loam

    Amoakwah E.Arthur E.Lorenz N.Rahman M.A....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Microbial biomass and its activity influence soil quality to sustain crop productivity. A field experiment was conducted to investigate changes in soil microbial community structure, enzyme activities, and associated biological properties in response to biochar application in a tropical ecosystem. The treatments included control/no biochar (CT), 15-ton biochar ha?1 (BC-15), 30-ton biochar ha?1 (BC-30), and 30-ton corn cob biochar ha?1 + phosphate fertilizer (BC-30 + P). Biochar significantly increased microbial biomass C (by 4.5 to 8.2 folds) and N (by 1.4 to 2.7 folds), and mineralized C (by 1.2 to 1.7 folds). Incorporation of biochar at 30-ton ha?1 equally resulted in an efficient soil microbial activity by significantly decreasing specific maintenance respiration (qCO2) rates by 66 to 73%. Dehydrogenase and urease enzyme activities were increased by biochar amendments. Biochar treatments increased the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AMF) and soil fungi. However, only the BC-30 and BC-30 + P treated soils recorded increases in Gram-positive (G+) bacteria by 1.7 to 1.9 folds, and Gram-negative (G?) bacteria by 1.5 to 1.6 folds, respectively. For all functional groups of microbial communities, which included AMF, G+/G? bacteria, fungi, and actinobacteria, the highest concentration of total phospholipid fatty acid was observed when the soils were treated with 30-ton biochar ha?1. The most important soil factors that greatly contributed to the changes in microbial community composition were soil basal respiration, urease and dehydrogenase enzymes, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, metabolic quotient, and pH. The high fungal: bacteria in the soils treated with 30-ton biochar ha?1 implies that corn cob biochar amendment could increase C sequestration potential and enhance ecosystem stability in weathered tropical soils.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Microbial community responses to phosphorus and nitrogen inputs in the organic soil horizons of two contrasting temperate beech forests

    Siegenthaler M.B.Ramoneda J.Frossard E.Meszaros E....
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 The AuthorsDue to increasing nitrogen (N) deposition from the atmosphere, temperate forests are progressively becoming phosphorus (P) limited. Trees take up P mainly from the soil solution, which soil microorganisms can replenish by mineralizing organic P through enzymatic hydrolysis (e.g. using phosphatases). We investigated how bacterial (including phosphatase harboring bacteria) and fungal communities in organic horizons with contrasting nutrient status respond within months to changes in soil N and P concentrations. A field experiment with water-soluble N (NH4NO3) and P (KH2PO4) additions was conducted at a high-P and a low-P beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest site in Germany. Bacterial (16S rRNA), fungal (ITS), and alkaline (phoD) and acid (acpA) phosphatase harboring community structure was investigated by molecular fingerprinting. Bacterial and fungal community structure was mainly related to available P (resin P) in the high-P site but related to more stable P pools (sequentially extracted NaOH/EDTA P) and total P in the low-P site. The increased importance of strategies to access more stable P forms in the low-P site was reflected by a higher relative abundance of some dominant alkaline phosphatase harboring taxa. In the high-P site, increased available P following P addition was the main influencing factor on community structure. By contrast, in the low-P site predominantly N addition induced differences in the microbial communities, which was linked to decreased P concentrations in several soil pools. Increasing N deposition might thus pose greater impacts on microbial communities in low-P compared to high-P sites, by further increasing the already high competition for P. Our findings illustrate that the soil P status in the organic horizon can shape the structure of microbial communities and their roles in the P cycle.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Soil heavy metals and phytoremediation by Populus deltoides alter the structure and function of bacterial community in mine ecosystems

    Zhang X.Zeng B.Jiang L.Huang Z....
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021Despite the fact that microbes act as key indicators of soil heavy metal (HMs) toxicity, their variations and adaptation to the long-term HMs pollution in mine ecosystems, particularly field study knowledge of the effects of phytoremediation, remain insufficient. A comparative study on microbiota of the rhizosphere and endosphere of Populus deltoides and their structural and functional variations in response to composite HMs pollution was conducted. Results suggested that habitat niche was the driving force in shaping bacterial composition as shown by distinctive niche differentiation of 48 core species. Among all factors, HM explained 43% of the bacterial variability that constituted the key determinant for all microbiota structures. Further redundancy analysis revealed Cd and Pb were the main drivers of soil microbiota distribution, while none of HMs significantly affected the structure of endophytes. The responses of microbiota to HM stress varied in different habitats. The diversity (Shannon) and richness (Chao) of bare soil (CS) was significantly deteriorated by HM, but richness of rhizosphere (CRS) was greatly increased than CS, indicating the beneficial effects of phytoremediation to bacterial composition. Functional genes were also enriched in contaminated samples related to multiple cell defence mechanisms including extracellular binding, transmembrane transport, and antioxidant protection. Metabolic pathways related to plant signaling compounds and energy-rich nucleotides were enriched in endophytes, inferring the potential for stress protection and plant growth promotion. This study indicated that shifts of microbial organization and function strengthened their HM stress adaptability; plant associated microbiome contributed to the phytoremediation efficiency, which could provide the basis for soil evaluation after phytoremediation and further exploration of host-microbe interactions in mine ecosystems.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Cowpea nodules host a similar bacterial community regardless of soil properties

    Aquino J.P.A.Rocha S.M.B.Araujo A.S.F.Mendes L.W....
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Nodulation results of a host-specific association between rhizobia and leguminous plants. However, it has been observed a rich and diverse bacterial community inside nodules. This study assessed the bacterial community in nodule of cowpea grown in sites with distinct soil properties to address the hypothesis that these differences could influence the bacterial community inside the nodules. Soil samples and nodules of cowpea were collected in six different sites from Northeastern, Brazil. There was a different bacterial community structure and composition comparing bulk soil and nodules, with lower diversity in the last. However, the bacterial communities inside the nodules were not different comparing all sites. The bacterial communities found inside the nodules belonged to Proteobacteria (Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium with 97% and 2.63%, respectively), Actinobacteria (Conexibacter and Amycolatopsis with 0.047% and 0.015%, respectively), and Firmicutes (Bacillus and Salipaludibacillus with 0.042% and 0.040%, respectively). Our analysis also showed that bulk soil and nodules presented 99.3% and 0.03% of exclusive OTUs, respectively, while these pools shared 0.4% of the bacterial groups. These results indicate that cowpea selected a specific bacterial group that colonizes the nodules, and it is not influenced by soil properties.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier