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Aquatic Botany
Elsevier Science
Aquatic Botany

Elsevier Science

0304-3770

Aquatic Botany/Journal Aquatic BotanySCIISTP
正式出版
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    Distribution of the seagrass Halophila stipulacea: A big jump to the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

    T. ThibautA. BlanfuneC.F. Boudouresque
    4页
    查看更多>>摘要：The Red Sea and Indian Ocean seagrass Halophila stipulacea entered the Mediterranean in the late 19th century via the Suez Canal. Here, we report on the discovery of a population of H. stipulacea covering 16.5 ha off the harbour of Cannes, French Riviera, France. This represents the northernmost locality of the species and a jump of 350 km to the north from its closest western Mediterranean locality (Razza di Juncu in Sardinia). At Cannes, it was found dwelling between 11 and 17 m depth on a dead matte of Posidonia oceanica. The species has most probably been introduced through mega-yacht or cruise ship anchoring since the Bay of Cannes is among the most highly-frequented places for luxury yachting and tourism. The lack of effective regulation to prevent the introduction of non-indigenous species in France and Europe is highlighted.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Towards linking freshwater plants and ecosystems via functional biogeography

    Lars Lonsmann IversenJorge García GironYingji Pan
    4页
    查看更多>>摘要：However, freshwater plants are still underrepresented in these trait-Cbased advancements. Here, we argue that there is a need for developing a functional biogeographical framework for freshwater plants and initiate global mapping efforts focusing on the form and function of freshwater plants. Specific attention should be given to (1) the placement of freshwater plants in the global plant trait space and show how this placement links to global trait-Cenvironment relationships; (2) the theoretical framework for major structural trait-Ctrait correlations based on the physical constraints in aquatic ecosystems; (3) the evolutionary and environmental drivers underlying the global distribution of inter-C and intra-Cspecific variation in different life forms; and (4) the level of equilibrium between spatial and temporal trait-Cenvironment relationships in freshwater plants. By putting freshwater plants in the context of these spatial aspects, we could advance our understanding of freshwater plant adaptations and responses to environmental gradients, and thereby facilitate predicting the consequences of global changes for freshwater ecosystem functions and services.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Changes in physiological and biochemical parameters of Barents Sea Fucus vesiculosus Linnaeus 1753 in response to low salinity

    Klindukh, MariaRyzhik, InnaMakarov, Mikhail
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：The physiological and biochemical state of brown alga Fucus vesiculosus from the Barents Sea was studied while maintained in low salinity seawater (10 and 20 PSU) during a 14-day experiment. At both salinity levels, a decrease in respiratory rate and catalase activity and a significant increase in free amino acids content compared to control conditions (33 PSU) were observed. The photosynthetic activity of algae did not change. Excessive moisture accumulation by algal thalli was observed only at 10 PSU. The noted changes provide evidence that 20 PSU seawater is stressful for this species, but adaptation mechanisms bring physiological and biochemical parameters to the level of those of the control plants in 7-14 days. A long-term exposure of algae to 10 PSU is lethal. A high free amino acid concentration in the course of the experiment is indicative of their involvement in osmoregulation.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Invasive Nitellopsis obtusa (starry stonewort) has distinct late-season phenology compared to native and other invasive macrophytes in Minnesota, USA

    Wesley J. GlissonRanjan MuthukrishnanCarli K. Wagner
    5页
    查看更多>>摘要：Understanding the phenology of the invasive macroalga Nitellopsis obtusa (starry stonewort) is critical for evaluating and predicting its impacts on native macrophytes and timing control efforts. We tracked N. obtusa phenology in two Minnesota (USA) lakes from 2017 to 2018. We measured N. obtusa biomass and counted bulbils (asexual reproductive structures) throughout the growing season and in winter, under ice. Additionally, we compared phenology of N. obtusa to other invasive and native macrophytesusing a long-term, Minnesota statewide dataset. We found consistent late-season peaks in N. obtusa biomass in both lakes, and this extendedgrowth distinguished it from common native and invasive macrophytes in the region. Phenological asynchrony of N. obtusa relative to native macrophytes indicates use of a distinct temporal niche that may contribute to its invasion success. Bulbil counts were lowest early to mid-summer and increased through fall; however, high variability in this relationship warrants more intensive sampling to clarify seasonal trends. Late-season growth of N. obtusa poses challenges for timing control efforts, as early-season treatments may be limited to avoid harming native species. Treatment during peak biomass, before peak bulbil abundance, may improve control.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Phenotypic responses of a submerged macrophyte (Vallisneria natans) to low light combined with water depth

    Qingchuan ChouWei ZhangJianfeng Chen
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Adaptations to low light and water depth stresses are crucial for the survival of submerged macrophytes. To determine the phenotypic responses of Vallisneria natans to such stresses, we combined a field investigation, a light control experiment and anin situ response experiment to evaluate adaptive variations in fresh weight and morphological and physiological characteristics. In the field investigation and the light control experiment, water depth and light intensity were the main environmental factors affecting the fresh weight and morphological characteristics of V. natans. Fresh weight and leaf length were the most significant responding variables, and they were positively correlated with water depth and negatively correlated with underwater light intensity, although the root length and leaf number exhibited no variation. The leaf length elongated more rapidly at sites with intermediate water depth and low light intensity, and the allometric slopes were steeper. Furthermore, the in situ response experiment results showed a unimodal distribution of the chlorophyll-a concentrations of V. natans along with increasing water depths (from 0.5 m to 8.5 m). The turning point of the chlorophyll-a concentration occurred at 5.5 m, which is almost the maximum water depth at which V. natans occurs in Lake Erhai. Overall, our results evidenced that light availability is an important driving factor that controls the status of V. natans by affecting not only its morphology and physiology but also its biomass allocation and ramet production. An alternative resource allocation pattern of V. natans could be a shift between light acquisition and clonal reproduction.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Easier than it looks: Notes on the taxonomy of Typha L. (Typhaceae) in East Europe

    Volkova, Polina A.Bobrov, Alexander A.
    6页
    查看更多>>摘要：High morphological variation of Typha L. species (Typhaceae) inspires some authors to describe new taxa. We aim to test genetic distinctiveness of some taxa reported in East Europe on morphological basis to verify their taxonomical status. We use sequences of intergenic spacer rpl32-trnL of cpDNA that was shown to be a reliable molecular marker in non-hybrid Typha species. We found that T. caspica Pobed., T. elata Boreau, T. incana Kapit. et Dyukina, T. krasnovae Doweld, T. rossica Krasnova are genetically identical to T. latifolia L., as well as T. foveolata Pobed., T. austro-orientalis Mavrodiev, T. elatior Boenn., T. angustata Bory et Chaub., T. linnaei Mavrodiev et Kapit. to T. angustifolia L. Thus, until some additional evidence of their distinctiveness is not found, we suggest to treat T. caspica, T. elata, T. krasnovae, T. rossica as synonyms of T. latifolia, while T. foveolata, T. austro-orientalis, T. elatior, T. angustata should be synonymized with T. angustifolia. Consequently, T. linnaei is a superfluous name (coined in attempts of neotypification T. angustifolia) and should be also considered synonymous to the latter. The hypothesis of hybrid origin of T. incana should be tested further with microsatellite DNA repeats - if correct, this would indicate T. latifolia as plastid donor.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Changes in physiological and biochemical parameters of Barents Sea Fucus vesiculosus Linnaeus 1753 in response to low salinity

    Maria KlindukhInna RyzhikMikhail Makarov
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：The physiological and biochemical state of brown alga Fucus vesiculosus from the Barents Sea was studied while maintained in low salinity seawater (10 and 20 PSU) during a 14-day experiment. At both salinity levels, a decrease in respiratory rate andcatalase activity and a significant increase in free amino acids content compared to control conditions (33 PSU) were observed. The photosynthetic activity of algae did not change. Excessive moisture accumulation by algal thalli was observed only at 10 PSU. The noted changes provide evidence that 20 PSU seawater is stressful for this species, but adaptation mechanisms bring physiological and biochemical parameters to the level of those of the control plants in 7-C14 days. A long-term exposure of algae to 10 PSU is lethal. A high free amino acid concentration in the course of the experiment is indicative of their involvement in osmoregulation.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Use of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes for environmental services: Decontamination of aquatic environments with atrazine residues

    Correa dos Santos, Naiane MariaMonteiro, Priscila GoncalvesFerreira, Evander AlvesBarbalho Alencar, Brenda Thais...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：There is a need for efficient technologies to remove atrazine residues that are detected in water bodies. These residues are harmful as they intoxicate plankton and may decrease oxygen in the water. This study evaluated the growth, physiology, and leaf anatomy of Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes that were exposed to atrazine for phytoremediation purposes. To carry out this evaluation, atrazine concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 mu g L-1 were added into 5 L pots with macrophytes, which were maintained for 28 d in these solutions. Following this period, atrazine toxicity, chlorophyll content, and dry mass were measured. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify residual atrazine concentrations in the solution and plant material samples. It was found that E. crassipes was sensitive to an atrazine concentration of 1000 mu g L-1. Atrazine reduced macrophyte growth, promoted a decrease in chlorophyll, and altered anatomical parameters; however, plant growth was uninterrupted, and macrophytes remained physiologically active until the evaluation period. The residual atrazine concentrations in solution were 35.56% and 79.19% for E. crassipes and 76.13% and 78.83% for P. stratiotes, respectively; this was lower than plants that were unpotted for atrazine concentrations of 10 and 100 mu g L-1. The results indicate that E. crassipes and P. stratiotes may be suitable phytoremediators in aquatic ecosystems for atrazine concentrations up to 10 and 100 mu g L-1, respectively.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Fish grazing enhanced by nutrient enrichment may limit invasiveseagrass expansion

    Fee O.H. SmuldersS. Tatiana BeckerJustin E. Campbell
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：The success of invasive macrophytes can depend on local nutrient availability and consumer pressure, which mayinteract. We therefore experimentally investigated the interacting effects of nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus)addition, the exclusion of large herbivorous fishes and mimicked grazing on the expansion rates of the invasiveseagrass Halophila stipulacea. The experiments were established on Bonaire and Aruba, two islands in thesouthern Caribbean, which differ in fish community structure. We observed that multiple Caribbean fish speciesfeed on H. stipulacea. At both study sites, nutrient enrichment decreased invasive leaf carbon:nitrogen ratios.However only on Bonaire, where herbivore fish abundance was 7 times higher and diversity was 4.5 timeshigher, did nutrient enrichment result in a significant reduction of H. stipulacea expansion into native Thalassiatestudinum meadows. This effect was likely due to increased herbivory on nutrient enriched seagrass leaves, as wefound that excluding large herbivorous fish (e.g. parrotfish) doubled invasive expansion rates in bare patches onBonaire. On Aruba, H. stipulacea expansion rates were higher overall, which coincided with lower abundancesand diversity of native fishes, and were limited by mimicked fish grazing. We suggest that top-down control bythe native fish community may counteract eutrophication effects by increased grazing pressure on nutrient-richinvasive seagrass leaves. We conclude that diverse and abundant herbivore communities likely play an importantrole in limiting invasion success and their conservation and restoration may serve as a tool to slow down seagrassinvasions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Regional macrophyte diversity is shaped by accumulative effects across waterbody types in southern China

    Junyao SunAnna DoeserYu Cao
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Studies on aquatic biodiversity in different waterbody types have attracted significant attention worldwide to achieve the goal of freshwater conservation. Different freshwater habitats can help maintain regional biodiversity by directly supporting aquatic plants and forming networks to promote aquatic dispersal across regions. However, few studies have conducted large-scale comparisons of macrophyte diversity among different waterbody types in China due to a lack of a national macrophyte dataset. Here, we compared species richness, species composition, beta diversity, and its components among ponds, ditches, disturbed ponds, lakes, rivers, and reservoirs in southern China. We found that macrophyte species composition overlapped in the different waterbody types, indicating similar regional species pools. Species composition was best explained by temperature, elevation, and flow velocity. For species richness, ponds supported the highest number of species, followed by lakes, ditches, rivers, and reservoirs, with disturbed ponds showing the lowest diversity. For beta diversity, the relatively low turnover and high nestedness in the lakes indicated high dispersal of macrophyte species throughout these water bodies or suggested that human disturbancein lakes may lead to a more uniform chemical environment and thus regional macrophyte community. This study emphasized the importance of maintaining the diversity of different waterbody types in the landscape and determining the most threatened freshwater habitats. Moreover, small water bodies (e.g., ponds) contribute more to the regional macrophyte species pool than permanent water bodies (e.g., lakes) due to their relatively high biodiversity value. Their stable hydrological environment may help maintain rare and uncommon species that do not appear in other waterbody types.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL