查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.Today, the need for grain is increasing every day due to the growing human population on the planet. At the same time, global climate change has a negative impact on grain production. In the conditions of the south of Kazakhstan, the main limiting factor of agricultural crops is soil moisture, since during the growing season there is an insufficient amount of atmospheric precipitation, and the moisture reserve in the soil due to autumn-winter precipitation does not satisfy the water demand of crops. It was found that the highest yield of winter wheat grain (37.7 c/ha) on average over two years of research was formed on the variant with simultaneous application of phosphorus fertilizers at the rate of P45 kg/ha with direct sowing and feeding with nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of N70 kg/ha in early spring periods in the tillering phase of winter wheat, that is, the grain yield increased 2.9 times in comparison with the background without fertilizers. By optimizing the phosphate regime of winter wheat with the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers during the period of their greatest need in the tillering phase, it will balance the regime of their nutrition.Therefore, an experiment was conducted during 2019-2020 year at LLC ?South-west Research Institute of Livestock and Crop Production? (South Kazakhstan) to determine the norms and terms of the introduction of mineral, micronutrient fertilizers and plant growth stimulants of wheat and the peculiarities of the soil and climatic conditions of the south of Kazakhstan. Winter wheat (cv. Glassy 24) in the conditions of rainfed agriculture in the south of Kazakhstan. During the period of the laying of productive organs in the phase of booting, stalking and formation of winter wheat grain, the reserves of productive moisture were good and fully satisfied the need of winter wheat for moisture in the indicated growing periods of plants, as a result, a consistently high yield of winter wheat grain was formed for rainfed conditions in the south of Kazakhstan.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.The research aimed to improve the technology of corn cultivation in intensive farming to increase the yield and quality of the crop. Therefore, this study was conducted in 2018-2020 at a large agricultural enterprise Plemzavod Irmen, located in the village of Verkh-Irmen in the Ordynsky district of the Novosibirsk region (Russia) to investigate the main indicators of the condition of leached chernozem of the forest-steppe in the Novosibirsk Ob region (field moisture, humus content, and pH of soil solution) under maize crops grown for silage and grain. The results of the effect of irrigation on the yield are reflected: Kubansky 101 by 53.8% and Katerina by 33.2%, and the photosynthetic parameters of corn by 19.6% and 18.3%, respectively. A high quality, and increased nutritional and feed value of maize grain with a high content of fat (5.1-5.7%), protein (10.3-12.5%), starch (59.4-61.4%), and sugars (3.0-3.5%). The effectiveness of the use of irrigation in the cultivation of corn was established.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.Balanced and complex mineral nutrition is needed for plant growth and health. Application of micronutrients as simple salts results in its losses via leaching or binding in insoluble forms. One of the most effective way to avoid micronutrients losses is binding them on slow-release matrix. A comparative test was conducted on three types of slow-release zinc-containing fertilizers based on urea-formaldehyde and soybean lignin-cellulose concentrate at Moscow Institute of Agricultural Chemistry (Moscow, Russia) during March 2021.Fertilizers had been mixed with peat substrate in doses containing same amounts of zinc. Plastic pots filled with substrate and maize seeds were planted. Then pots placed in climatic control box (phytotron). Growth parameters, parameters of photosynthesis and dynamic of mobile zinc content in peat substrate and zinc contents on the aerial part of plants was estimated. Positive impact of application of urea-formaldehyde based fertilizers in dose of 0.3 kg Zn per ha on plant growth was shown and related to short-time boost of nitrogen nutrition.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.Productivity of maize is influenced by selection of hybrids or improved varieties, plant population, nutrient management practices etc. These technological interventions may vary across locations. Therefore, two-year investigation was conducted during Rabi, 2019-21 at Department of Millets, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India to evaluate the performance of late maturity maize hybrids under varying plant density and nutrient levels. The experiments were laid out in a split-split plot design replicated thrice. In the main plot, two plant densities viz., 60×25 cm and 60×20 cm spacing and in the sub plot, three nutrient levels viz., 100% RDF (250:75:75 NPK kg/ha), 90% RDF (225:68:68 NPK kg/ha) and STCR-IPNS (131:38:38 NPK kg/ha) and in the sub-sub plot, four late maturity maize hybrids viz., CMH12-686, CMH15-005, COH (M) 6 and NK6240 were tried. Based on the results of two years of experimentation, it is concluded that among the late maturity maize hybrids, CMH15-005 and CMH12-686 were found to be the most promising hybrids under a spacing of 60×20 cm with application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer @250:75:75 NPK kg/ha. In future, these late maturity hybrids should be grown with the recommended spacing and nutrient level to achieve desirable productivity in maize.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.Adoption of suitable cropping system is essential for ensuring the most rational use of land and increasing productivity per unit area per unit time. It is possible to enhance the production potential and remuneration with adoption of alternate productive and profitable cropping. Use of organic amendments has advantages like nutrient conservation, soil health and quality produce also. Long term addition of organic materials to soil results in increased organic matter, crop productivity and soil biological activity. Therefore, the research on productivity enhancement of sodic soil thorough bio intensive complementary cropping systems with organic amendments was conducted during 2017 at Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tiruchirappalli, India. The soil of the experiential field was alkali with pH: 8.8, EC: 0.96 ds/m and ESP: 17.1. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three cropping system i.e., Maize + Cowpea + Daincha, Sunflower + Greengram + Daincha and Bhendi + Onion + Daincha with five sub treatment combinations of fertilizers (NPK) and equivalent substitution with organic amendments through Farm yard manure (FYM) and poultry manure (PM) replicated thrice. In sodic soil, regarding complementary cropping higher maize equivalent yield was recorded by maize + cowpea + daincha (6931 kg/ha) and regarding graded dose of fertilizer with organic amendments higher yield was recorded by 75% recommended NPK through fertilizers + 25% N through poultry manure (5865 kg/ ha). It is concluded that complementary cropping of maize + cowpea + daincha with application of 75% recommended NPK through fertilizers + 25% N through poultry manure may be recommended for sodic soils for soil health improvement and obtained maximum economical benefits.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.Cultivation of pulses fit well to various cropping system and show climate-resileince.,Pulses are low external input demanding, can fix atmospheric nitrogen biologically and improve soil health. Among different pulses, green gram (Vigna radiata L.) is considered as an important crop in India. The crop responds to exogenous application of phosphorus and sulphur. Considering the above, a field trial was conducted to find the influence of phosphorus and sulphur on growth and productivity of green gram during rabi season of 2019-20 at Bagusala farm of Centurion University of Technology and Management. A split-plot design was considered for the experiment with three replication. The treatments were consisted of four levels of phosphorus (no application, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2 O5 /ha) in the main plot and three sulphur levels (15, 30 and 45 kg S/ha) in sub plot. The findings revealed that application at 60 kg P2 O5 /ha being statistically at par with 40 kg/ha P2 O5 registered more growth parameters and yield attributes than the lower levels. The seed yield (1079.6 kg/ha) and stover yield (2025.1 kg/ha) were also noted with the application of 60 kg P2 O5 /ha and it remaind statistically at par with 40 kg P2 O5 /ha. However, 30 kg S/ha being statistically at par with 45 kg S/ha resulted in superior growth attributes, yield parameters and seed (979.2 kg/ha) and stover yield (1871.8 kg/ha) to lower levels. Further, the combination of 60 kg P2 O5 /ha and 30 kg S/ha produced significantly more grain yield (1211.3 kg/ha) than other treatment combinations. The study concludes that rabi green gram can be grown with 60 kg P2 O5 and 30 kg S/ha for a better productivity.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.The relevance and novelty of this work is a comprehensive study of crop rotations in the cultivation of crops, methods of agriculture biologization, allowing to give the most complete and scientifically based assessment of their effect on the productivity of cultures and the state of the fertility of zonal soils of the dry-step zone of the lower Volga region. The average annual precipitation was 339.7 mm. The technology of cultivation of these crops was generally accepted for the research area. The placement of options: (A) is sequential and options (B) are placed in blocks in three tiers. The main tillage in the experiment is soil-free, treated with a SibPME stand to a depth of 25-27 cm. Zoned varieties of agricultural crops are cultivated. Records and observations were carried out according to the recommendations. During the period July-August, the largest amount of precipitation fell in 2016 – 119.0 mm; the smallest in 2017 – 6.0 mm, in other years this indicator was in the range of 32.8…86.0 mm. On average, over the years of research, the largest accumulation of crop residues, straw and roots in a 4-pole crop rotation with black steam is 3.4 t/ha. The amount of nitrogen entering the soil with straw and crop residues was noted in an 8-month crop rotation of 49.8/ kg/ha. The largest amount of biological nitrogen (according to Trepachev’s method) was accumulated under alfalfa crops of 34.4 kg/ha/. The analysis of soil samples for the content of humus over the years of research did not reveal significant changes. The best precursor for winter wheat is black steam. For perennial grasses, peas, the grain yield of winter wheat in some years is reduced by 4 … 12 c/ha. The analysis of the correlation dependence of crop rotation productivity showed that the highest dependence with precipitation for May-June is t = + 0.50 for grain and feed units and slightly less for protein-t = +0.26-0.50.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.A field experiment was conducted during summer cropping seasons of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 at the Experimental farm, University of Limpopo, South Africa to assess the effect of phosphorus fertilization levels (0, 15, 30, 45 kg P/ha) on two cowpea varieties (PAN311 and TVu13464) planted in a strip intercropping with maize using split-split plot design with three replications. Some of the variables measured include day to maturity, number of pods per plant grain yield, root mass, land equivalent ratio, profit and benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Application of 30-45 kg P/ha significantly increased the root biomass, the number of pods per plant and the overall grain yield. Across the two seasons, PAN311 performed better than in TVu13464 in all measured agronomic variables. It flowered and matured earlier, had high canopy height and root mass, a greater number of pods per plant and high pod length, which subsequently led to increased grain yield. Strip intercropping was better over monocropping in root mass and the grain yield. The strip intercropping system was advantageous over monocropping in BCR and land utilisation because the land equivalent ratio (LER) values were greater than 1.00. The optimum P level for cowpea-maize strip intercropping was 30 kg P/ha based on yield and financial return. The study showed that P application enhanced the productivity of the cowpea varieties in cowpea-maize strip intercropping in the semi-arid environment of Limpopo Province, South Africa.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.An experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Iraq, during the growing season of 2018-19, to investigate the growth and yield responses of three Faba beans varieties viz., Local variety, Julienne and Tanyeri to varying intra plant spaces namely 25 and 35 cm., also in order to study genetic behavior and appreciation genetic parameters. Results showed that highest green pod yield (GPYP) obtained from Tanyeri variety and Faba beans grown at 35 cm intra plant space with an average of 783.665, 655.380 g/plant, respectively. Genetic parameters were higher for the most studied traits.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021, Gaurav Society of Agricultural Research Information Centre. All rights reserved.Prioritizing production constraints in India is the need of the hour for enhancing the productivity of groundnut production system under rainfed ecosystem for climate resilience. A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2017 on sandy clay loam soils of wetland farm of S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati campus of Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Andhra Pradesh. To find out the priority production factors needed under resource constraints in rainfed groundnut. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with eight treatments and replicated thrice. The lowest density and dry weight of weeds were recorded with full package of practices, which was comparable with excluding pest management, protective irrigation, nutrient management, in-situ soil moisture conservation and improved variety from the full package of practices where weed management was taken up in all the above treatments. Significantly, the higher density and dry weight of weeds was recorded with non-adoption of weed management from full package of practices, that was comparable with control. Full package of practices recorded significantly the lowest leaf miner incidence both at 5 and 10 days after spraying, which was however, comparable with treatments involving pest management. The leaf miner incidence recorded with non-adoption of pest management and control was comparable with each other and significantly superior over rest of the treatments tried. Significantly the higher pod, kernel and oil yield in groundnut was recorded with full package of practice, which was however, comparable with excluding protective irrigation, improved variety and pest management from full package of practices. Significantly, the higher yield reduction was observed when nutrient management (-35%) was not applied to groundnut crop followed by weed management (-27%) and in-situ moisture conservation (-21%) over full package of practices. Growing of only improved cultivar without any input (control) recorded significantly the lowest pod, kernel and oil yield in groundnut. The higher gross returns (Rs. 95902/ ha), and net returns (Rs. 56942/ ha) as well as benefit cost ratio (2.46) were recorded with adoption of full package of practices and was comparable with either excluding protective irrigation or improved variety from full package of practices. However, the latter two were in turn comparable with excluding pest management from full package of practices. The study revealed that adopting complete package of practices resulted in the highest pod yield and monetary returns in groundnut.
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