首页期刊导航|Scientia horticulturae
期刊信息/Journal information
Scientia horticulturae
International Society for Horticultural Science
Scientia horticulturae

International Society for Horticultural Science

0304-4238

Scientia horticulturae/Journal Scientia horticulturaeSCIISTP
正式出版
收录年代

    Genome-wide analysis of the mango SPL family and overexpression of MiSPL13 confers early flowering and stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis

    Zhu J.-W.He X.-H.Li Y.-Z.Zhang Y.-L....
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like (SPL) genes played important roles during plant growth and development. However, there have been no studies on SPL genes in mango (Mangifera indica L.). In the present study, a total of 26 SPL family members were first identified and analysed in the ‘SiJiMi’ mango genome, and these genes were classified into nine subfamilies (G1 - G9) according to conserved gene structures and protein motifs. Expression analysis revealed that the MiSPL genes were expressed in all the tested organs, albeit with expression level differences. Fifteen of them exhibited the highest expression in flowers at the initial flowering stage. Furthermore, most of the MiSPLs were expressed in response to exogenous gibberellin (GA3) and prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) treatments. MiSPL13 was primarily expressed in flowers and significantly upregulated in buds under GA3 and Pro-Ca treatments on the 2nd and 6th days, respectively. The full length cDNA sequence of MiSPL13 was 1116 bp, encoding 372 amino acids. MiSPL13 was located in the nucleus and had transcriptional activation activity in yeast. Overexpression of MiSPL13 not only promoted early flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis, which increased the expression levels of AtAP1, AtSOC1, and AtFUL, but also significantly increased tolerance to drought, abscisic acid (ABA) and GA3 while showing sensitivity to Pro-Ca treatment.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Peach for the future: A specialty crop revisited

    Manganaris G.A.Costa G.Minas I.Cirilli M....
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Peach is the most important temperate fruit crop worldwide in terms of production after apple. However, a descending trend has been registered over the recent years in several key producing peach countries, mainly due to the increased labor cost and the reduced revenue for the farmer. The present perspective review aims to shed light on the current trends on peach fruit production related to cultivar and rootstock breeding initiatives, appropriate training system selection and targeted integrated management of main diseases, most promptly Monilinia spp. Cultivar breeding programs should focus on the most relevant outcomes about the main drivers of consumer's acceptance. In the near future, a contribution from the breeding sector should be expected in the reduction of the trade-off between quality and yield, towards selection of elite cultivars with enhanced aroma (a pool of compounds still scarcely known), with appreciable nutritional properties and extended market life. Such cultivars need an appropriate rootstock and canopy architecture to facilitate efficient cropping systems. The training/cropping system selection is of equal importance with rootstock selection as it can also determine efficiency and potential for mechanization. A tendency for the future is that several semi- and dwarfing Prunus hybrid rootstocks aligned with the innovations on peach tree architecture will lead to higher planting densities, reduced tree height and thus enhanced peach production with reduced labor cost. With the aim to advance peach fruit production and consumption, there is an urgent need to dissect solutions to valorize on the market the exceptional peach diversity and flavor potential, already present in the varietal landscape. The development of sophisticated non-destructive tools that will allow in cost-effective manner to determine fruit quality and maturity stage is expected to facilitate consumer eating experience and storage requirements with minimum risk of chilling injury symptoms development. Lastly, the phytosanitary protocol of small-sized wall-grown plants would most likely be more effective and would require reduced quantities of pesticides while simultaneously responding to the needs of a market that is increasingly attentive to fruit healthiness and environment protection. Phytosanitary issues can be addressed by controlling diseases and/or by improving genetic resistance.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Gibberellin treatments increase the global performance of globe artichoke hybrid propagated by seeds and suckers

    Rotondo R.Rodriguez G.R.Escalante A.M.
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022In the globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus), the application of gibberellins substitutes, partially or totally, the cold required for the entry into production. The needed amount of gibberellic acid depends on the genotype and consequently it would affect the product quality. So, the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) application in the globe artichoke hybrid Madrigal F1 multiplied by seeds was evaluated in the course of two years. Seed and sucker propagations were compared for precocity, productivity performance, commercial quality and caffeoylquinic acids content in the second year. One application of GA3 (50 ppm, 30 mL) was enough to produce an increase of active compounds in leaves of plants obtained from suckers. With two applications, the content of active principles increased in the edible part of plants propagated by seeds. With three applications, fibre content and browning decreased in the edible part of all plants, while yield increased and precocity was maintained. Both univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that the year affected most of the variables (78%) followed by the type of multiplication (61%). GA3 treatments and the interactions affected 46% of the variables. These results would be useful for producers, manufacturers and consumers to achieve better globe artichoke products, since GA3 applications increase the global performance of hybrid Madrigal F1 propagated from both seeds and suckers.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Potential pathways to reduce environmental impact in a greenhouse tomato production: Life cycle assessment for different irrigation and fertilization treatments

    Fan Y.Luo Z.Hao X.Li S....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Greenhouse vegetable cultivation with high productivity but also with high resource consumption has rapidly developed in Northern China. A comprehensive assessment of environmental impacts from the greenhouse production is vital to identify the important contribution processes and propose potential solutions to alleviate the environmental burden. A life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to examine the environmental impacts of greenhouse tomato production with the system boundary from greenhouse construction to tomato harvest. The impact of two fertilizers (organic and inorganic) under two irrigation levels was also compared. Nine impact categories including resource demand of energy consumption (EC) and water depletion (WD), pollution impact of global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (ACP), eutrophication potential (EUP), and photochemical oxidation (PHO), and toxicity impact of territory toxicity potential (TTP), freshwater toxicity potential (FTP), and human toxicity potential (HTP) were selected to calculate the total environmental index. The results showed that the greenhouse construction stage contributed to 85.1% of EC, 91.0% of GWP, 68.1% of ACP, 93.2% of EUP and 89.4% of PHO while the tomato production stage resulted in more than 97% of WD and toxicity impact. After normalizing and weighting, FTP was the most environmental risk with an environmental index of 0.106, followed by EUP and ACP. For different treatments, organic fertilizer (N1) with low irrigation level contributed to the largest ironmental index of 0.295 while inorganic fertilizer (N2) with regular irrigation level had the least. Organic fertilizer generally had lower environmental burden in all impact categories with an exception of the toxicity impact. Due to the stronger release of heavy metals, N1 had higher TTP, FTP and HTP than N2. Reducing heavy metals content in organic fertilizers, optimizing organic fertilizer application regime, extending the greenhouse life span, and recycling or reusing the construction materials are recommended to mitigate the environmental risks of solar greenhouse vegetable production.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Integrated transcriptomic and metabolic analyses unveil anthocyanins biosynthesis metabolism in three different color cultivars of grape (Vitis vinifera L.)

    Ge M.Sadeghnezhad E.Hakeem A.Zhong R....
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Anthocyanins as plant pigments are responsible for the color of the grape berry. The major concern among consumers is color, quality, and appearance, therefore, skin color is the most important item that affects consumer purchases. In this study, we used three grape cultivars namely Red globe (bright red), Kyoho (purple-red), and Wink (purple-black), and evaluated color changes in three different developmental stages according to time course including 15 days after the berry color shift from green to red (V1), 25 days after the berry color shift from green to red (V2), and 35 days after the berry color shift from green to red (V3). The dynamic changes in anthocyanin content and components were detected using "High-Performance Liquid Chromatography mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS)" technology. Furthermore, we performed transcriptome sequencing and identified the genes involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in grape berry development. In total, we detected 13 different anthocyanin components in three grape cultivars. Malvidin, petunidin, and delphinidin derivates are the main components of dark colored grape (Kyoho and Wink), while cyanidin and pelargonidin derivates are the sources of bright-colored grape (Red globe). According to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, many DEGs were enrichment in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis. We also found thirty-nine DEGs to be involved in the anthocyanin metabolism and accumulation. Furthermore, using weighted gene correlation analysis (WGCNA), three modules (blue, magenta, and tan) and nineteen hub genes were highly correlated with anthocyanin variation. Our research provided new insights for elucidating the anthocyanin metabolic pathway and related genes, signal perception and transduction during grape berries development at different stages.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Delayed root water supply result in spring dieback of Cabernet Sauvignon in northern China

    Quan L.Huang W.Zhang Y.Xu Y....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera) is one of the main wine-making varieties in the world. Its budding time is late, and cane dieback often occurs in northern China. In order to analyze the causes of shoot drying death of Cabernet Sauvignon in spring, the water supply capacity of the roots of Cabernet Sauvignon and Early-ripening Kyoho and the dynamic changes in the respiration metabolism of roots and buds during the ecodormancy were studied. Additionally, the effects of rootstock SA15 grafting on the sap flow and moisture content changes of Cabernet Sauvignon canes were investigated and the expression of root respiration related genes at different temperatures during the ecodormancy after rootstock SA15 grafting was analyzed. The results showed that compared with Early-ripening Kyoho, the xylem sap flow intensity of Cabernet Sauvignon was low and unstable during the ecodormancy, the roots water reached the peak later, and changes in the respiratory pathways and the accumulation of soluble sugar occurred slowly. The peak of the activity of the respiratory pathways in the Cabernet Sauvignon buds occurred significantly earlier than that of the roots. Compared with self-rooted vines, the peak in the sap flow of Cabernet Sauvignon canes grafted on rootstock SA15 occurred 24 days earlier, and the recovery times of the total water content and free water content occurred earlier. It also increased the roots respiration intensity and the expression of key enzymes of roost respiration under low temperature. In summary, Cabernet Sauvignon insufficient water supply capacity, resulting in difficulty replenishing the water lost from the canes in time and ultimately leading to spring dieback of Cabernet Sauvignon canes. The moisture recovery time of Cabernet Sauvignon canes can be increased by grafting them on rootstock SA15 to prevent the occurrence of spring dieback.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Quantifying water saving benefits of fixed white protective netting in irrigated apple orchards under Mediterranean-type climate conditions in South Africa

    Lulane E.B.Dzikiti S.Lotze E.Midgley S.J.E....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) producers are increasingly using nets to address climate and pest-related challenges. In the water-scarce Western Cape region of South Africa, all commercial apple orchards are irrigated. Based on limited information on tree water relations under protective nets, we hypothesised that significant water savings and improvements in crop water productivity could be achieved under nets. The lack of accurate quantitative information on water use under nets may perpetuate sub-optimal irrigation practices partly due to inaccurate crop coefficients. This study quantified tree transpiration (T) using the heat ratio sap flow method and orchard evapotranspiration (ET) using the soil water balance approach in mature irrigated ‘Rosy Glow’ apple orchards under fixed white net compared to an open (control) over two seasons. Differences in water use between treatments were analysed by comparing microclimates, plant water status, root zone soil moisture, and irrigation levels. Averaged over the two seasons, the nets reduced daily total solar radiation by ～ 12%, wind speed by more than 36%, and reference evapotranspiration by ～ 12%. Seasonal T was 11% lower under nets, while ET was only 4% lower. The nets reduced irrigation water requirement by 4%. Peak mid-season basal crop coefficients (Kcb) were 0.54±0.02 and 0.59±0.02 while there were no differences in the single crop coefficients (Kc = 1.07±0.04 and 1.13±0.06) for the nets and control treatments, respectively. Transpiration based crop water productivity (WP) was higher under nets (20.7 kg m?3) compared to 18.2 kg m ?3 in the open. There were no differences in the ET-based WP values (13.4 and 13.2 kg m?3) for the nets and control treatments, respectively. This study suggests that water saving benefits of fixed nets are smaller than expected when considering ET rates because of more active ground cover under nets. But there is merit in adjusting crop coefficients for irrigation scheduling under nets given the much lower transpiration.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Antifungal activity of natamycin against kiwifruit soft rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea and potential mechanisms

    Pan H.Xia L.Long C.-A.Zhong C....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Soft rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea leads to massive economic losses in the kiwifruit industry. Natamycin is a natural antimicrobial preservative that effectively prevents postharvest decay and preserves fruit quality. However, the ability to control kiwifruit soft rot and potential antifungal mechanisms have not been explored. In this study, the inhibitory impact of natamycin against soft rot caused by B. dothidea, as well as its putative action mechanisms were investigated. The results indicated that 2 mg L?1 natamycin effectively inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination of B. dothidea in vitro. Natamycin caused B. dothidea hypha to shrink and deform, along with vacuolation and plasmolysis in hypha cells, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Likewise, natamycin stimulated the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the hypha. The inhibition effect of natamycin on B. dothidea inoculated in kiwifruit was dose-dependent, with 500 mg L?1 natamycin significantly decreasing the incidence of soft rot to 35%. Furthermore, natamycin induced disease resistance in kiwifruit tissue by activating the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), increasing the antioxidant compound total phenol, maintaining a low level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and repressing the activity of four cell wall degrading enzymes, as well as gene expression of β-galactosidase (β-Gal) and polygalacturonase (PG). Further field research revealed that pre-harvest treatment combined with the postharvest natamycin application significantly reduced the natural decay incidence of kiwifruit while having no negative effect on soft-ripe quality. In conclusion, our findings proved that natamycin has an antifungal effect on B. dothidea and may be applied as a safe preservative to reduce soft rot.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Streptomyces rimosus rhizobacteria and Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungus inoculation alleviate salinity stress in grapevine through morphophysiological changes and nutritional balance

    Karimi R.Noori A.
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have positive impacts on growth and production of plants under saline condition. However, their interactive effects on plant behavior under salt stress remained unclear. To address this, a glasshouse experiment was conducted to elucidate the effect of the single and combined (co-inoculation) application of Glomus mosseae (Gm) AMF and Streptomyces rimosus (Sr) PGPR on salt tolerance of Sultana grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Based on results, the combined inoculation with Gm AMF and Sr PGPR markedly improved shoot and root morphometric traits and also soluble carbohydrate, soluble proteins, proline content compared to those vines inoculated with these symbionts alone or uninoculated vines under saline condition. The highest main root length was related to inoculated vines with Sr PGPR, which was 18.5% higher than uninoculated control plants under saline condition. Under saline condition, co-inoculation with Gm AMF and Sr PGPR decreased leaf necrotic, leaf ion leakage and malondialdehyde content by 31%, 43% and 38% but increased SPAD index, relative water content, catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity by 45%, 26%, 30% and 53% compared with control uninoculated plant. Among salt stressed plants, the single inoculated vines with Gm AMF showed the highest total phenol and flavonoid content compared to control plants. In vines grown under saline condition, the highest content of leaf P, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn were related to Gm plus Sr -inoculated vines. Leaf NO?3 and K of all inoculated vines did not showed statistically significant difference with each other's. Under saline condition, root NO3, K, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn did not showed significant difference among inoculated plants but differed significantly with control vines. Therefore, combined application of Gm AMF and Sr PGPR assisted host plants to uptake higher nutrients during salt stress; confer salt tolerance to vines by increase in osmoregulants, phenolic compounds and antioxidant enzymes activities in their tissues.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier