首页期刊导航|Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
期刊信息/Journal information
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
Urban & Fischer Verlag
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Urban & Fischer Verlag

1618-8667

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening/Journal Urban Forestry & Urban GreeningSCIISSHP
正式出版
收录年代

    Rethinking the distribution of urban green spaces in Mexico City: Lessons from the COVID-19 outbreak

    Mayen Huerta C.
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The AuthorsThe COVID-19 pandemic has exposed inequalities that are expected to widen if no action is taken to support the most marginalized populations. One such inequality is the distribution of urban green spaces (UGS), which are essential to pandemic recovery. Cities that aim to be inclusive and resilient should assess whether access to their UGS is equitably distributed among the population and identify the areas where these spaces are most needed. This study therefore examines the equity of access to UGS in Mexico City at the neighborhood level using network analysis. First, access to UGS was identified at a threshold of 300 m, regardless of UGS size. Second, access was differentiated by the functional level of the UGS, which primarily depends on their size, with larger UGS having more extensive catchment areas. The results of this study suggest a deficit of access to small green spaces in most of the neighborhoods of Mexico City, with the neighborhoods with higher rates of poverty showing an even lower average of UGS access. The results further highlight which neighborhoods in Mexico City should receive priority attention and funding for UGS to mitigate the disproportionate effects of public health crises. This is critical for future city planning and may be used as a roadmap for identifying priority neighborhoods in other cities with similar segregation patterns.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Traffic restrictions during COVID-19 lockdown improve air quality and reduce metal biodeposition in tree leaves

    Soba D.Gamez A.L.Aranjuelo I.Becerril J.M....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The AuthorsThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a great global impact on human health, the life of people, and economies all over the world. However, in general, COVID-19′s effect on air quality has been positive due to the restrictions on social and economic activity. This study aimed to assess the impact on air quality and metal deposition of actions taken to reduce mobility in 2020 in two different urban locations. For this purpose, we analysed air pollution (NO2, NO, NOx, SO2, CO, PM10, O3) and metal accumulation in leaves of Tilia cordata collected from April to September 2020 in two cities in northern Spain (Pamplona-PA and San Sebastián-SS). We compared their values with data from the previous year (2019) (in which there were no mobility restrictions) obtained under an identical experimental design. We found that metal accumulation was mostly lower during 2020 (compared with 2019), and lockdown caused significant reductions in urban air pollution. Nitrogen oxides decreased by 33%?44%, CO by 24%?38%, and PM10 by 16%?24%. The contents of traffic-related metals were significantly reduced in both studied cities. More specifically, significant decreases in metals related to tyre and brake wear (Zn, Fe, and Cu) and road dust resuspension (Al, Ti, Fe, Mn, and Ca) were observed. With these results, we conclude that the main reason for the improvement in urban air pollutants and metals was the reduction in the use of cars due to COVID-19 lockdown. In addition, we offer some evidence indicating the suitability of T. cordata leaves as a tool for biomonitoring metal accumulation. This information is relevant for future use by the scientific community and policy makers to implement measures to reduce traffic air pollution in urban areas and to improve environmental and human health.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Vegetation cover within and around schools in Santiago de Chile: Are schools helping to mitigate urban vegetation inequalities?

    Fernandez I.C.Perez-Silva R.Villalobos-Araya E.
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier GmbHVegetation within cities is key for urban sustainability, as it provides several ecosystem services positively influencing the urban quality of life. However, urban vegetation is often unevenly distributed within cities, typically concentrating the large proportion of vegetated areas in more affluent neighborhoods. Thus, developing strategies for reducing urban vegetation inequalities is fundamental to fostering more sustainable cities. Since schools are widely distributed in urban areas, they could be key for decreasing vegetation inequalities, in particular, if schools’ precincts in lower-income areas are managed to contain high levels of vegetation. Nevertheless, studies analyzing the potential role of schools in ameliorating vegetation inequalities in cities are largely missing in the literature. In this study we use remote sensing techniques to estimate the vegetation cover of 1579 schools and their surrounding areas in Santiago-Chile, aiming to evaluate whether vegetation within schools is helping to mitigate the high levels of vegetation inequalities characteristic of this city. We performed the analysis for public, subsidized and private schools, for the whole city and each of the 34 municipalities comprising the city. Our results show that schools are not helping to mitigate vegetation inequalities, but they tend to replicate the unequal distribution of vegetation within Santiago. This pattern holds whether the analysis is made for all schools or each of the three school types independently, and is also a prevalent pattern when the assessment is performed at the municipal level. Private schools, usually located in greener more affluent areas of the city, have significant larger proportion of vegetation, revealing that high-income students do not only live in greener neighborhoods but also have access to greener schools. These results reveal how deeply rooted in some cities are vegetation inequalities, and the urgency of modifying public policies related to how vegetation within schools is funded, planned and managed.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A green infrastructure planning framework–guidance for priority, hubs and types

    Chen H.Wang N.Liu Y.Lu Y....
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier GmbHGreen infrastructure (GI) has become an important tool to achieve sustainability and resilience in cities because of its various benefits, including stormwater management, urban heat island mitigation, air quality improvement, and carbon storage. Most existing studies have often focused on a single aspect, while few studies have incorporated the results of GI analysis into the planning process. To address this gap, we propose a planning framework to prepare the GI intervention solutions, aimed at identifying the priority actions, hubs to extract maximum multifunctionality, and preference types at the regional scale. We applied the planning framework to Wuhan city as a case study, and found an overall significant multifunctional potential. Two-thirds of the benefit pair (including spatial autocorrelation and bivariate spatial autocorrelation for benefits) relationships were found to be positive, and block areas approximately 15% of the total area were recommended as hubs to lay out the GI. Warnings should be received for evidence, revealing that industrial areas have higher requirements for GI that can alleviate the thermal environment and improve air quality. Strong positive correlations between various benefits were found in this area, especially based on a relatively large proportion of existing natural land. Further, we classified the types of GI preference by SOM (Self-organizing map neural network), and found that differentiated GI planning and strategy formulation are required by different types of regions. The planning framework provides intuitive guidance for GI intervention solution making, which can provide planners and government officials a deeper understanding of GI discourse based on clearly explained answers of important decision-making questions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Urban greenspace access, uses, and values: A case study of user perceptions in metropolitan ravine parks

    Oviedo M.Drescher M.Dean J.
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier GmbHUrban greenspaces provide critical ecosystem services to urban area residents. While urban greenspaces provide a range of ecosystem services, cultural ecosystem services may be the most prominent to residents. Cultural ecosystem services provide benefits through educational, recreational, social, and spiritual opportunities. More knowledge is required about greenspace users’ perspectives of their local greenspaces, which will enrich park planners’ knowledge of the preferences, concerns, and potential points of conflict that greenspace users experience. To help increase this knowledge, we conducted a survey with closed and open-ended questions and supported it with a park audit and photographic evidence. As a case study, data were collected in six ravine parks in the City of Toronto, Canada. Ravine parks were of particular interest as they are a unique form of socio-ecological greenspace that have varied management goals which on occasion may differ from some user preferences and values. Quantitative data were analyzed with analysis of variance and chi-square tests of independence, and qualitative data were analyzed with conventional qualitative content analysis. Our results highlight that current ravine park users vary widely in their characteristics and the values they pursue through their park access. While the range of ravine park types accommodates some of this variability, there is also conflict between ravine park users with different values and expectations. We are offering a series of recommendations addressing these findings and hope that insights from this deep and rich case study will be of use to other forested, urban greenspaces under similar conditions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Factors influencing the use of and attitude toward community gardens in aged care facilities: The managers’ perspective

    Guo J.Yanai S.Kodama T.
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier GmbHAn increasing number of elderly people are living in aged care facilities in Japan, a country that is facing a globally unprecedented challenge of population aging. Due to the declining health status and mobility limitations of older adults, community gardens (CGs) are crucial for giving residents in aged care facilities contact with nature. However, there is a lack of research on the characteristics and perceptions of CGs in aged care facilities in Japan and how these factors can influence the use of and attitude toward CGs. In this study, a questionnaire was developed and sent to the managers of elderly housing with care services (EHCS) across the Tokyo metropolitan area (TMA) in Japan in 2020. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of the characteristics and perceptions of CGs on the frequency of gardening activities, leisure activities, and attitudes toward gardening activities. Data were collected from 44 EHCS managers and were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that the use of gardens (frequency of gardening activities, absence of leisure activities) was positively associated with the garden area, the number of garden equipment types, the presence of barrier-free design elements, interaction, community aesthetics, and a sufficient number of participants. Compared to a low frequency of gardening activities, a high frequency of gardening activities was also associated with a decreased building age and improved education about agriculture. The managers with negative attitudes had gardens managed only by residents, and they showed more concern about the reduced attractiveness of CGs and insufficient members. The study provides significant lessons for policy makers and facility managers to focus on the development of strategies that will establish and strengthen the cooperation between aged care facilities and community agencies and organizations to encourage community members to engage in CGs.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Community gardens:An investment in social cohesion, public health, economic sustainability, and the urban environment

    Delshad A.B.
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier GmbHThis study utilizes survey and interview data collected in 2018 and 2019 in the United States to examine a range of social, health, economic, and environmental benefits community gardens yield, as well as the political factors that enable and impede the success of community gardens. The results indicate there are a multitude of individual-level benefits that accrue to garden participants, as well as community-level benefits. The findings also suggest municipal governments can best aid gardens by providing long-term secure land access, affordable water access, administrative support, and plot fee structures that are inclusive to people of all socio-economic backgrounds.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Hydric vegetation communities across rural, peri-urban, and urban zones within the Prairie Pothole Region

    Wanek A.S.Hargiss C.L.M.Norland J.
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier GmbHWetland and pond hydric vegetation is impacted across the rural, peri-urban, and urban zones by anthropogenic activities such as agricultural production, industrial manufacturing, and urban development. Previous studies have assessed urban and rural wetland vegetation, but have rarely explored the peri-urban zone of development. Therefore, to investigate the impacts of urbanization on hydric vegetation, thirty pond sites (10 rural, 10 peri-urban, and 10 urban) were randomly selected within each of the three zones. The vegetation community at each site was assessed using a quadrat method to compare the vegetation composition. In addition, floristic quality based on the conservatism value of each plant species was used to assess wetland vegetation. Results show plant communities of rural sites differed from both urban and peri-urban sites due partly to urbanization reducing the cover of obligate wetland species. Peri-urban sites contained the highest species richness, due to the increase in introduced plants associated with urbanization. Urban sites contained the lowest species richness, some of which is due to the use of rock riprap surrounding the edges of most sites. The plant conservatism values of vegetation were not different for rural and peri-urban sites, but were significantly lower in urban sites. Information from this study is useful to wetland professionals, environmental managers, and urban planners to predict hydric vegetation responses within peri-urban areas in the Prairie Pothole Region.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Predicting place attachment among walkers in the urban context: The role of dogs, motivations, satisfaction, past experience and setting development

    Arnberger A.Budruk M.Schneider I.E.Wilhelm Stanis S.A....
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier GmbHPlace attachment knowledge informs urban green space management to maximize positive visitor experiences. However, little is known about how place attachment differs between urban green space settings and users, particularly dog walkers or owners. This study explored place attachment and the better-known influence of variables such as motivation, satisfaction and visit frequency, as well as the understudied contributions of dog-ownership status and degree of setting development. In total, 450 on-site walkers and dog walkers in two cities and four green spaces with different levels of development were interviewed. Regression analyses revealed motivations, satisfaction and visit frequency predicted place attachment. Place attachment strength differed between walkers and dog walkers: dog walkers were more likely to have higher place identity and place dependence. Similarly, visitors to the urban green spaces with the lowest degree of development were highest on place dependence and identity. Implications and future research ideas are shared.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Static home-based versus dynamic mobility-based assessments of exposure to urban green space

    Yoo E.-H.Roberts J.E.
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier GmbHThere is growing interest in urban green space exposure estimated dynamically by accounting for individuals’ mobility during daily life. We aimed to explore if daily green space exposure estimates based on individuals’ mobility substantially differ from static home-based exposure estimates, and to examine potential effect modification by personal (sex and work status) and temporal (weekends versus weekdays) characteristics. To assess the association between daily exposure to urban green space, we used home address and time-activity data collected from 1911 participants in western New York, US, using their GPS-enabled mobile phones. We abstracted both individuals’ home address based (home-based) and daily time activity based (mobility-based) green space exposures from the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Then, we assessed the association between mobility-based and home-based exposure estimates using linear mixed effect regression models with subject-specific random effects. We also explored whether this effect was modified by individual-level characteristics, including work status and sex, as well as whether assessments took place on weekdays versus weekends. We found that daily dynamic exposure to urban green space based on individuals’ mobility was not substantially different from static exposure estimates based on one's residence, but that there were statistically significant effect modifiers. Specifically, the correspondence between mobility-based and home-based exposure to green space was relatively lower for employed compared to unemployed participants, whereas their correspondence during weekends increased compared to weekdays. Our findings suggest that there is a strong correspondence between mobility-based and home-based exposure to urban green space, but that their associations are modified by personal and temporal characteristics. Further research is needed to confirm our finding for general population in other settings, such as different seasons and other regions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier