查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdCell proliferation is a fundamental criterion in the assessment of malignant progression of many tumours and an essential parameter in several grading schemes. However, proliferation may be dependent on patient age and other variables, as shown in normal tissues, cultured cells and human neoplasms. We thus hypothesized that age or other patient or tumour-related parameters might generally affect proliferation in canine neoplasms, which might be of value for optimizing prognostic algorithms. We performed linear regression analyses to associate age, sex and tumour size with digitally quantified immunohistochemical Ki67 labelling indices (Ki67-LIs) of 495 canine tumours, including cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCTs, n = 70), soft tissue sarcomas (n = 61), plasmacytomas (n = 86), trichoblastomas (n = 62) and perianal gland adenomas (PGAs, n = 95) as well as testicular interstitial (n = 65) and Sertoli cell tumours (n = 56). In MCTs, the Ki67-LI increased 1.13-fold per year of age (P <0.05) in bitches but not in males. Conversely, in PGAs it rose 1.10-fold per year in males (P <0.05) while it decreased 0.95-fold in bitches (P = 0.37). Only in MCTs and PGAs was the Ki67-LI associated with tumour size, albeit in oppositional directions (MCTs: 1.26-fold per cm diameter, P <0.01; PGAs: 0.76-fold, P <0.01). No correlations were found in the other tumour types. The few sex-dependent correlations with patient age and tumour size established here indicate highly tumour-type specific mechanisms, but the diagnostic consequences are uncertain.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdCutaneous hyperkeratosis is one of the many clinicopathological manifestations of canine distemper and is characterized by thickening and hardening of the skin, predominantly in nasodigital areas. Although this lesion may rarely affect other regions, this has been poorly characterized. Twelve dogs with canine distemper and cutaneous hyperkeratosis, necropsied at an anatomical pathology service, were investigated. Twenty-two cutaneous hyperkeratotic foci were observed on footpads (11/22), nasal planum (3/22), haired skin on the snout (2/22), periocular region (2/22), ventral abdomen (2/22), scrotum (1/22) and vulva (1/22). The dogs had one (5/12), two (4/12) or three (3/12) regions concomitantly affected. Orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis was a predominant histopathological feature in 17 dogs, occasionally accompanied by other lesions, including inclusion bodies (14/17), epidermal hyperplasia (9/17) and keratinocyte hydropic degeneration (6/17). Canine distemper virus antigen was expressed in at least one skin lesion in 10 dogs. Fourteen (14/17) hyperkeratotic foci were immunopositive while three (3/17) were immunonegative. Viral antigen expression was most common in the sweat glands (13/17), epidermis (11/17) and vascular endothelial cells or pericytes (8/17). Histological findings and antigen detection were similar among nasodigital and other regions. We emphasize the importance of clinicopathological recognition of these lesions for the initial suspicion of canine distemper, thereby facilitating early treatment.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdWe investigated the pathological characteristics of renal dysplasia with hydronephrosis and congenital ureteral stricture in two calves. Macroscopically, the affected kidneys were enlarged and the renal calyces were dilated and associated with ureteral strictures. Histopathologically, multifocal regions of mesenchyme were observed in the renal medulla. This mesenchyme was weakly eosinophilic with haematoxylin and eosin, blue with Alcian blue and pale blue with Masson's trichrome, and was immunopositive for vimentin and smooth muscle actin, consistent with persistent mesenchyme. There was asynchronous differentiation of the renal cortex characterized by immature glomeruli, immature tubules and arteriolar proliferation. Similar persistent mesenchyme was observed in the ureteral walls with ureteral stricture, and the ureteral musculature or smooth muscle bundles had a disorganized arrangement. Congenital ureteral stricture appeared to have caused ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis. The lesions may represent a new phenotype of renal dysplasia with concomitant congenital ureteral stricture in Holstein-Friesian calves.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdChronic hepatitis (CH) in dogs is histologically characterized by an inflammatory infiltration of the liver accompanied by hepatocellular apoptosis or necrosis, varying degrees of fibrosis and regeneration. Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, including CH. This study assessed the immunohistochemical expression of markers of oxidative stress (4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE] and malondialdehyde [MDA]) and apoptosis (active caspase-3 [casp-3]) in 35 surplus archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liver biopsies from 25 dogs with CH and 10 control dogs that had no significant hepatic changes. Correlations between immunohistochemical markers and necroinflammatory, fibrosis and histological copper scores, and hepatic copper concentrations were also determined. There were no significant differences in 4-HNE expression between the two groups. Control dogs had lower hepatic MDA scores than dogs with CH. MDA scores were positively correlated with copper scores as well as hepatic copper concentrations. There was no significant difference in casp-3-positive hepatocytes between groups. However, a positive correlation between casp-3 immunoreactivity and copper scores, as well as hepatic copper concentrations, was identified. Necroinflammatory and fibrosis scores were positively correlated with immunoreactivity for MDA and casp-3. MDA and casp-3 are expressed in canine liver and both markers are correlated with necroinflammatory scores, fibrosis scores and hepatic copper accumulation. Our results suggest the utility of immunolabelling for MDA and casp-3 for assessment of hepatic oxidative stress and apoptosis, respectively, in dogs with CH.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdThe recognition of lesions of the mammary gland in small ruminants is a useful diagnostic procedure that can aid in the identification of several udder diseases. This article reviews the main pathological lesions in this organ in sheep and goats. Mastitis is, by far, the most commonly diagnosed change. Acute clinical mastitis is associated with bacterial infections, mainly Staphylococcus aureus or Mannheimia haemolytica. Lesions related to subclinical and chronic mastitis are also described, either as localized cases or as a part of systemic diseases such as contagious agalactia, maedi-visna or tuberculosis. Neoplasia is rare in the mammary gland of sheep and goats with sporadic mammary adenocarcinomas most commonly reported. Teat lesions, including those due to trauma, orf virus infection or papillomas, are predisposing factors for the subsequent development of mastitis.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022The first author has pointed out that F.J. Ferreira de De Sant'Ana (Universidade de Brasília, Laboratório de Diagnóstico Patológico Veterinário, Brasília/DF, Brazil) had been mistakenly omitted from this conference abstract. The amended author listing is above.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdThe objective of this study was to investigate the immunolabelling of acetylated histones and histone desacetylase (HDAC) enzymes in canine soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) and to correlate them with histological and clinical features in order to identify possible prognostic and therapeutic targets in these neoplasms. Fifteen canine STS samples were evaluated and were submitted to immunohistochemistry for acetylated histones 3 (H3) and 4 (H4) and deacetylating enzymes (HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC6). Intense immunolabelling of H4 was seen in comparison with H3. A strong positive correlation was observed between the H3 intensity score and the number of mitotic figures (P = 0.004, r = 0.7). Intense immunolabelling of HDAC1 was found in comparison to the expression of HDAC2 and HDAC6 in the evaluated STSs. This finding suggests that HDAC1 may be a potential target for HDAC inhibitors in STSs in dogs.
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