查看更多>>摘要：In the present study, genetic relatedness based on 12 phenotypic traits was accessed among 60 pomegranate genotypes which represented 20 indigenous and 40 exotic types. Per se performance was measured for different traits like plant height, number of branches, thorn length, rind thickness, fruit weight, fruit length and fruit breath, etc. The phenotypic correlation coefficients were found higher in magnitude than genotypic correlation coefficients. Using principal component analysis, the first principal component (PC1) explained 28.73% of the total variance that mainly consisted of fruit breadth, fruit length and fruit weight predominantly while, PC2 explained 21.28% variability that mainly included plant height and number of branches and fruit length upto some extent. Further, PC3 and PC4 showed remaining 15.16% and 11.48%, respectively for traits like, thorn length, number of stem and rind thickness. Phylogenetic tree constructed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics by applying Squared Euclidean Distance and group average clustering method showed two diverse groups but partially divided the genotypes on the basis of their type into two major groups or clusters. The present results could be further utilized for screening parents for a particular trait in future breeding programs.
查看更多>>摘要：Black rot disease (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pam.) Dowson, Xcc) is one of the most devastating disease in cauliflower worldwide. Potential reservoirs for black rot resistance in alien Brassicas (A and B genomes) was taken due to availability of limited resistant germplasm for black rot disease in Brassica oleracea (C genome). Total 26 accessions of Brassica species were screened against Xcc race 1, 4 and 6 during three consecutive years viz., 2015, 2016 and 2017 under artificial inoculation conditions. One accession of B. carinata, and B. napus, two accessions of B. juncea and all accessions of B. nigra were highly resistant against Xcc race 1, 4 and 6 except SRB-98 (moderate resistance). Cauliflower varieties/lines viz., Pusa Meghna, DC 41-5 and Pusa Sharad were highly susceptible against Xcc races 1, 4 and 6. On the basis of higher homoeology between A and C sub-genome, a new resistant source BN-2-1 of B. napus was identified which will be useful to develop black rot resistant genetic stock with cauliflower through pre-breeding techniques such as in vitro embryo rescue and or somatic hybridization.
查看更多>>摘要：Double haploid (DH) breeding not only helps in shortening the breeding cycle, also in fastening the release of homozygous inbred lines with superior and desirable traits. In vitro microspore culture is the fastest approach for the production of haploid plantlets. The key parameter for success of the haploid production in any crop species is the stage of microspore or pollens at the time of culture as it decides the fate of cultured anthers/pollens. Therefore an easy, precise, fast, and reliable criterion to identify flower buds carrying microspores or pollen at particular stages are essential. In the present investigation, we developed easiest and accurate criterion to correlate visible, measurable traits of bud and anther development with individual stages of microsporogenesis in two sweet pepper F1 hybrids (Orobelle and Bomby). Anthers containing microspores at late uninucleate to early binucleate stage are optimal for induction of androgenesis in wide range of crop species. Anther containing uninucleate pollens were observed in flower buds with an average size of 5.39 mm in Orobelle and 4.8mm in Bomby, average anther length of 2.75 mm in Orobelle and 2.71mm in Bomby and corolla was slightly longer than that of the calyx in both the hybrids. Anthers were without any purple pigmentation in Orobelle and slight/no pigmentation at the top of the anther sac end in Bomby.
Kumar RajenderPalande A. L.Joshi V. R.Kulkarni S. S....
7页
查看更多>>摘要：Variability analysis was performed to investigate the yield and fruit quality of twenty different tamarind genotypes. The genotypes RHRTG 10, RHRTG 11 and RHRTG 14 were suitable for table purposes because of their less acidity and high TSS and pulp contents. Besides, RHRTG 20 (9.85%), RHRTG 4 (9.75%) and RHRHG 5 (9.30%) were found highly suitable for culinary purposes because of their high titratable acid content. Because of very high acid content, RHRTH 16 (11.18%) was fit for confectionery uses. The genotypes RHRTG 4 (5.81 Kg/m~3), RHRTG 15 (5.09 Kg/m~3) and RHRTG 16 (4.75 Kg/m~3) proved most productive. Genotypes having high yield efficiency can be utilized in high-density planting because of their lesser canopy volume and more yield per unit of canopy volume.
查看更多>>摘要：The distinct germplasm of any crop species constitute an important genetic resource for extracting genes or alleles, necessary to meet future nutritional and disease resistance needs. In the present study, a total of 29 SSR markers were used to interpret genetic diversity among fifty Ambri apple variants of Jammu region, wherein polymorphic information content (PIC), polymorphic percentage and number of allele per locus were calculated. A total of 54 alleles were amplified by 17 polymorphic SSR loci, and the number of alleles ranged from 3 to 10 with an average of 5.35 alleles per locus. The mean PIC value for all loci was 0.64. The highest polymorphic percentage (62.50) was observed in primer CH04g10, it was lowest (14.20) in primer CH03d12. Jaccard's similarity coefficient among Ambri apple variants ranged from 0.14 to 0.74, which indicated a broad genetic base. The cluster dendrogram partitioned the cultivars into two main clusters. of the 50 collected variants, a wide range of diversity was observed in respect of fruit weight (158.21 to 292.23 g),fruit length (4.35 to 6.37 cm), fruit width (4.62 to 7.62 cm), TSS (13 to 15.91°Brix), titratable acidity (0.30 to 1.7 per cent) and ascorbic acid (2.10 to 4.80 mg/100g) content. The highest coefficient of variation was observed in titratable acidity (44.31 per cent).Of the selected population, two variants SKJAD-29 and SKJAD-30 proved promising for commercial cultivation.
查看更多>>摘要：Present study was conducted at the experimental field of Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) on four-year-old Gala Mast apple grafted on MM106 rootstock under high density plantation (3m x 3m) to standardize the optimum dose of phosphorous and potassium. Sixteen treatment combinations consisting of four levels each of phosphorous (25 g, 50 g, 75 g and 100 g/tree) and potassium (150 g, 200 g, 250 g and 300 g/tree) were tested. Maximum increase in tree height (55.89 cm), tree girth (2.31 cm), annual shoot extension (47.13 cm), leaf area (42.00 cm~2), fruit length (6.52 cm), fruit diameter (7.31 cm), fruit weight (168.26 g), fruit volume (185.48 cm~3), yield (6.85 kg/tree), total soluble solids (15.85~oB), total sugars (13.17%), ascorbic acid (5.89 mg/100 g) and anthocyanin content (9.27 mg/100 g) were observed with the application of phosphorous @ 100 g + potassium @ 300 g. Highest fruit firmness (9.81 kg/cm~2) was recorded when phosphorous @ 100 g + potassium @ 150 g was applied, whereas minimum acidity (0.197%) and maximum TSS/acid (76.47) ratio was recorded with the application of phosphorous @ 25 g + potassium @ 300 g. Therefore, it can be concluded that phosphorous @ 100 g/tree in combination with potassium @ 300 g/tree proved to be most economical and effective in improving growth, yield and quality of apple cv. Gala Mast.
查看更多>>摘要：The replant problem has shown symptoms of declining productivity and longevity of apple orchards in several apple growing areas of Himachal Pradesh. Due to limited land and choice of crops for smaller microclimatic niches and incomparable economic equivalence of other fruits with apple, orchardists are compelled to replant old apple orchard sites with apple only. Therefore, standardization of suitable agro- techniques to combat the replant problem in apple for better field survival rate and productivity under replant conditions for the sustainability of the apple industry in the state and another part of the country is necessary. The present investigation was carried out using 20 soil agro-techniques combinations, comprising of four apple rootstocks viz., seedling, Merton 793, MM.111 and M.7 and five different soil agro-techniques namely soil fumigation, PGPR, biocontrol, combined (Soil fumigation + PGPR + Biocontrol) and control with three replications. The data revealed that Merton 793 rootstock improved the plant growth and vigour parameters, soil enzymatic activities, and microbial counts. Among the soil agro-techniques, the similar results were recorded in case of combined soil agro-technique. The interaction between rootstocks and soil agro-techniques revealed that combinations of Merton 793 x combined technique excelled in respect for growth and vigour traits, soil enzymatic activities and bacterial, fungal, and actinomycetes counts over other combinations under replant situation.
查看更多>>摘要：Inarching is the most widely practised vegetative method of propagation for multiplication of jackfruit in tarai region, but the method is cumbersome, and produces less number of plants from a single mother plant. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted to find out other alternative method for commercial propagation of jackfruit. The study was conducted for twelve months with five methods of propagation viz., inarching, wedge grafting, veneer grafting, patch budding and ring budding. for the earliest bud sprouting (18.08 days) with highest survival (74.38%), number of leaves (14.21) and girth of new growth (5.93 mm) were recorded with wedge grafting performed in the month of March. The highest number of primary branches (3.47) and length of primary root (15.36 cm) and secondary roots (32.84 cm) were obtained in plants multiplied through inarching in July. Maximum length of new growth (14.49 cm) at 90 days after fraftong (DAG) was observed in wedge grafting performed in April. Based on the results, wedge grafting has been found most appropriate propagation method to perform from December to April (best in March) under tarai conditions of Uttarakhand. Therefore, wedge grafting can be practised as an effective alternative method for jackfruit propagation instead of traditional inarching as the highest proportion of saleable grafted plants (77.56%) were also obtained through wedge grafting at 150 DAG.
Kumar DineshPandey G.Srivastava K. K.Singh V.K....
5页
查看更多>>摘要：A field experiment was conducted during 2016-2020 to assess the response of micro-nutrients on 16 years old uniform trees of mango cv. Dashehari. Long term experimental results indicated that maximum mean flowering intensity (55.88%) and yield efficiency (0.52 kg/m~3) were recorded in T_6 (RDF + 100g Zinc Sulphate + 50g Copper Sulphate + 50 g Borax- soil application in basin after harvest + foliar spray of 0.2% zinc sulphate +0.1% Boric acid -2 spray just before flowering and marble stage) treatment. The highest mean number of fruits (194.79/tree), fruit weight (250.15 g), fruit size (11.92 cm x 6.30 cm), and fruit yield (15.35 t/ha) and soil nutrient contents namely zinc (0.65 mg/kg), copper (0.54 mg/kg), manganese (3.92 mg/kg), iron (5.35 mg/kg) and boron (0.56 mg/kg) were noticed in treatment T_7 (RDF + 100g Zinc sulphate + 50g Copper sulphate + 50 g Borax through soil application in basin after harvest + foliar spray of 0.2% Zinc sulphate + 0.1% copper sulphate + 0.1% Boric acid through 2 sprays just before flowering and marble stage). Similarly, the foliar contents of zinc (22.94 ppm), manganese (248.23 ppm) and boron (34.21 ppm) were also recorded maximum in treatment T_7 in mango cultivar Dashehari.
查看更多>>摘要：The experiment was conducted during 2018-19 to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen (80, 100, 120 kg/ha), potassium (60, 80 kg/ha) and method of nitrogen application (applied in 2 and 3 splits) on the seed quality and yield of broccoli variety Pusa Broccoli KTS-1′ in Assam condition having high sub-tropical humid with hot summer and cold winter. In two splits, 50% nitrogen was applied as basal and rest at 40 days after transplanting, and in three splits, 50% was applied as basal, 25% at 30 DAT and rest at flower initiation stage. The control included application of FYM only. The treatments significantly affected various crop growth and seed quality parameters viz., plant height; canopy spread; leaf length, width and chlorophyll content; head diameter; days to heading, flowering and seed maturity; number of siliquas/plants; number of seeds/siliqua; seed yield/plant; leaf NPK content; seed test weight; mean germination time, germination index and percent, seed vigour index-I and II, fresh and dry weight of seedling. High dose of nitrogen (120 kg/ha), potassium (80 kg/ha) and 3 split dosages of nitrogen application significantly enhanced various crop growth, seed yield and germination parameters, at the same time they reduced the time taken for heading, flowering and seed maturity. Higher dose resulted in higher leaf N, K and chlorophyll content that were again positively associated with plant growth and seed yield.
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