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Industrial Crops and Products
Elsevier Science Publishers
Industrial Crops and Products

Elsevier Science Publishers

0926-6690

Industrial Crops and Products/Journal Industrial Crops and ProductsSCIISTPEI
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    Bioinspired fabrication of noniridescent structurally colored cotton fabric based on polystyrene@polycaffeic acid particles

    Zhu, XiaoweiWei, TianchenShawkey, Matthew D.Xing, Tieling...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要:Recently, the preparation of structurally colored fabrics based on polydopamine (PDA) has attracted extensive attention. However, the high price of dopamine seriously hinders its application in industry. Herein, we report a rational methodology to prepare polystyrene@polycaffeic acid (PS@PCfA) nanospheres by using NaBO3 as a trigger to promote the rapid polymerization of caffeic acid coated PS nanospheres with the help of cupric chloride (CuCl2). In addition, structurally colored fabrics with different colors were also prepared by controlling the size of PS nanoparticles. As a plant-derived polyphenol, caffeic acid has a similar structure to dopamine, rich in phenolic hydroxyl groups, and has excellent adhesion properties. It can coat the surface of colloidal nanospheres such as polystyrene to form black shell-core nanospheres for the preparation of structurally colored cotton fabric. Impressively, black PCfA can not only enhance the color visibility of the colorful coatings, but also enhance the bonding force between the nanospheres and between the nanospheres and the surface of fabric substrates. Prepared structurally colored fabric can withstand 90 min of launderings, 50 times reciprocating folding and 10 times reciprocating sandpaper abrasion test without obvious damage and destruction. Overall, these results open an alternative, cheap and efficient avenue to develop structurally colored fabric with good color fastness using plant polyphenols.

    Development of an enzyme cocktail to bioconvert untapped starch in sweet sorghum processing by-products: Part II. Application and economic potential

    Klasson, K. ThomasCole, Marsha R.Pancio, Bretlyn T.Heckemeyer, Matthew...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要:Demand for bioethanol and other biochemicals produced from agricultural crops has increased. Sweet sorghum has been identified as a promising bioenergy crop as it can produce starch, sugar, and fibrous biomass. During processing, starch accumulates in the juice sediments and clarification mud. And, while currently not recovered, it can be made accessible for fermentation by enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis of starch in sweet sorghum processing streams was investigated, followed by fermentation of the resulting glucose to ethanol. The juice sediment contained sufficient starch to increase fermentable sugars by 127%, allowing a final ethanol titer of 11.1 vol%. The economics for fermentation of only dissolved sugars (Scenario 1) versus dissolved sugars and hydrolyzed starch (Scenario 2) were compared using a technoeconomic model. Fixed capital cost was found to be similar for both scenarios. For a set harvest period, Scenario 2 could produce 20% more ethanol; however, if the distillation by-product was dried and marketed as animal feed, Scenario 1 was more cost effective. A plant producing 5.6-5.7 Mkg of fuel ethanol per year had a minimum selling price of $0.67/kg of ethanol with concurrent production of animal feed and zero cost sweet sorghum processing. Even with these optimistic assumptions, the estimated production cost was higher than the current wholesale price of fuel ethanol.

    Torrefaction of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin extracted from woody and agricultural biomass in TGA-GC/MS: Linking production profiles of volatile species to biomass type and macromolecular composition

    Martinez, Maria GonzalezCouce, Andres AncaDupont, CapucinePerez, Denilson da Silva...
    18页
    查看更多>>摘要:The production of volatile species in torrefaction of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin extracted from woody and agricultural biomass was quantified as a function of temperature. The novel coupling of TGA to GC/MS through a heated storage loop system allowed sampling volatile species released at 11 different temperatures in a single torrefaction experiment between 200 and 300 degrees C, at 3 degrees C.min(-1). The results showed that the use of extracted fractions obtained from different biomass samples led to the detection of a higher number of species (23) than in previous studies with commercial compounds, obtaining a higher degree of detail in the characterization of the production of volatile species in torrefaction. Volatile species were generally released in this study from lower temperatures than those previously reported for commercial compounds. This may be due to the better pres-ervation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin properties in extracted fractions thanks to the optimized extraction procedure. Volatile species production profiles were assessed based on the formation mechanisms proposed in the literature and the production of polysaccharide-based fractions was shown to be correlated to their sugar composition. Finally, production profiles allow identifying the temperature range to enhance the production of a given volatile species in torrefaction.

    Enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar cellulosic residue fractionated by a magnetic carbon-based solid-acid catalyst in the gamma-valerolactone-water system

    Wang, QiongLiu, YunyunZhang, YiChen, Yang...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:The conventional pretreatment method of poplar comprises multiple steps, including different procedures for fractionating hemicellulose and lignin separately. In our study, hemicellulose and lignin were removed simultaneously by a one-step method. In the gamma-valerolactone (GVL)-water environment, the cellulose retention, hemicellulose removal, and lignin removal rates of 84.94%, 89.08%, and 72.28%, respectively, were achieved over a magnetic carbon-based solid acid (MMCSA) catalyst, under best conditions (160 degrees C, 30 min, 2 g of poplar, 2 g of MMCSA, 35 mL of GVL, and 15 mL of water). The pretreatment of fresh poplar in the reused MMCSA-GVL-water environment showed similar fractionation results as the first time. Scanning electron microscopy characterization of the cellulosic residue revealed the presence of noticeable structural fragmentation. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller characterization showed that the total pore volume of the residue was 2.13 times that of the raw material. The above features of the residue confirmed the high enzymatic hydrolysis potential of the pretreated residue. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of the poplar residue was 67% at a cellulase loading of 20 FPU/g cellulose in dry matter, and it increased to 77.02% at 40 FPU/g cellulose in dry matter. Interestingly, the addition of Tween 80 did not improve the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency at high cellulase loadings (30 and 40 FPU/g cellulose in dry matter) compared to the case at low cellulase loadings. The relative mechanisms were also analyzed. In this study, a one-step pretreatment method comprising the MMCSA-GVL system for the catalytic depolymerization of poplar wood was developed. The system was verified to be very effective for the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of the residues.

    Titanium dioxide nanoparticles affect somatic embryo initiation, development, and biochemical composition in Paulownia sp. seedlings

    Dumani, YasinMortazavian, Seyed Mohammad MahdiIzadi-Darbandi, AliRamshini, Hossien...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要:Paulownia is a fast-growing tree with multiple uses. The present study was conducted to determine the most appropriate concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles (titanium dioxide) for the induction of somatic embryogenesis and regeneration, reduction of free radicals, and the increase of antioxidant enzymes. Variables examined included explants (leaf and petiole), Paulownia species (Paulownia shantung, Paulownia elongate and Paulownia fortune), and concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticle. The results showed significant effect of TiO2 on callus in-duction for all the three species. For Paulownia shantung, the callus formation for the samples in the medium containing 60 mg/L of TiO2 was 100% while for the samples in the control condition (without TiO2) it was 25%. The highest of somatic embryogenesis was observed for Paulownia shantung. However, the highest levels of flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, and chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll were observed in induced and regenerated embryos at a concentration of 60 mg/L titanium dioxide nanoparticles. By increasing the concen-tration of TiO2, the amount of leaf soluble protein decreased. At the concentration of 60 mg/L TiO2 the density, number and regeneration of somatic embryo induction increased compared to the studied treatments. The largest ratio of seedling rooting was observed in 1/2MS (Reduction to half the entire MS medium content) supplemented with 1.5 mg/L IBA. The results can introduce lead to a novel protocol to proliferate healthy plantlets of Paulownia in a short time. Therefore, the present study led to the development of an effective and useful protocol for somatic embryo induction, regeneration, and increase of antioxidants in regenerated seedlings in the shortest time applying titanium dioxide concentration in the culture medium.

    Expansion of CONSTANS-like genes in sunflower confers putative neofunctionalization in the adaptation to abiotic stresses

    Wang, XiAbbas, MureedShen, JieNiu, Tianzeng...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要:CONSTANS-like (COL) genes play crucial roles in the regulation of photoperiodic flowering and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses; however, COL genes in sunflower (HaCOL) have not been extensively studied. In the present study, we identified 22 putative HaCOL genes in the whole genome sequence of sunflower, which were unevenly distributed on 10 chromosomes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the HaCOLs could be divided into three well-defined groups (groups I, II and III). Group III had the highest number of COL genes among the three tested monocots, while the highest number of COL genes were observed in group I among the five tested dicots. Among all eight species, group II had the fewest COL family members. Segmental duplications contributed greatly to the expansion of this gene family. Furthermore, 11 tissue expression profiles of 22 HaCOL genes were analyzed through RNA-seq, which displayed their tissue-specific expression profiles. In addition, the expression levels of these HaCOL genes were analyzed under hormone, cadmium (Cd), heat, and drought stresses, and the results showed that HaCOL3, HaCOL6, and HaCOL19 were more sensitive than other HaCOLs to certain abiotic stresses. Moreover, the duplicated genes conferred important neofunctionalization in response to abiotic stresses. On the basis of our findings, we speculate that this conserved, duplicated and neofunctionalized COL gene family may play pivotal roles in the adaptation of sunflower to adverse environments.

    Exploitation of olive tree pruning biomass through hydrothermal pretreatments

    Miguel Romero-Garcia, JuanCarlos Lopez-Linares, Juandel Mar Contreras, MariaRomero, Inmaculada...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:The conversion of lignocellulosic materials into renewable products is performed through a process including pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation, being the first one a key step in both technical and economic terms. As two of the most widely used pretreatment methods, liquid hot water (LHW) and steam explosion (SE) were compared in this work using olive tree (Olea europaea L.) pruning biomass (OTPB), an especially relevant lignocellulosic residue, largely available at low cost with no practical applications. Moreover, to achieve the best results in terms of bioproducts (e.g., antioxidants, bioethanol, oligosaccharides and the most complete use of the material) previous steps of aqueous extraction and dilute phosphoric acid treatment were added. Results show that LHW and SE performed similarly, although the former yielded the highest overall sugar recovery, 92%, at lower operation temperature (180 degrees C) versus 80.4% for SE at 220 degrees C. Ethanol production in selected conditions was however slightly better in the case of SE-pretreated samples, resulting in 72% yield compared with 63% in LHW-samples, but at different temperatures (220 degrees C versus 200 degrees C) although both pre treatments resulted in an ethanolic solution of about 4.4% (v/v).

    Insight into the root growth, soil quality, and assembly of the root-associated microbiome in the virus-free Chrysanthemum morifolium

    Yang, ChuanbaoYan, KeruMa, ChangnianXie, Li...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要:Plant virus elimination is commonly used to rejuvenate the plant, and improve yield and quality, but how it affects belowground growth and the soil environment remains unknown. Here, the root morphological and metabolic traits, soil physicochemical properties, and bacterial diversity and composition of the rhizosphere and surrounding bulk soil of virus-free (VF) and common virus- carrying (VC) Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat were identifed using LC-MS-MS and high-throughput MiSeq sequencing analysis. These plants were cultivated in the same field and experienced similar management practices. The results showed that the VF chrysanthemum cultivation improved soil properties, including soil carbon and aggregate stability, and exhibited significantly higher plant growth parameters than the VC plants. Plant virus elimination significantly enhanced root biomass production and proliferation, and promoted the synthesis of root metabolites, in addition to the quantity of rootreleased organic carbon. Further analysis indicated that root-associated microbial diversity increased after plant virus elimination. The shift from soil oligotrophy to copiotrophy bacteria were mainly driven by changes in root morphological and metabolic traits, indicating a strong bottom-up regulatory effect in VF chrysanthemum roots. In conclusion, plant virus elimination has great potential for improving soil quality, bacterial diversity, aboveand belowground productivity, which may provide a new approach for future environmental breeding programs.

    Antimicrobial activity of phenolics isolated from the pruning wood residue of European plum (Prunus domestica L.)

    Ortega-Vidal, JuanCobo, AntonioOrtega-Morente, ElenaGalvez, Antonio...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:European plum (Prunus domestica L.) is a tree cultivated in many countries for its edible fruits, and necessarily certain amounts of useless woody residues are generated every year during pruning works. The objectives of this research were to recover the phenolics present on that wood wastes and study their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against a selection of foodborne microorganisms, including multi-resistant strains. The isolation of components was carried out by combining fast centrifugal partition chromatography (FCPC) and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the identification was achieved by conventional techniques. Nine compounds were identified: 2 flavan-3-ols [catechin (1) and epicatechin (2)]; 1 phenolic glucoside [annphenone (3)]; and 6 dimeric A-type pmanthocyanidins (4-9). All of them have been reported in Prunus domestica by the first time in this work, with the exception of 1 and 2. Extracts, fractions and purified phenolics were submitted to antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity evaluations. The most significative antimicrobial effect was detected on the strain Enterobacter sp. UJA37p, previously isolated from organic tomato and with high tolerance to different biocides. All pure compounds showed MIC values of 100 mu g/mL against this resistant bacterium. On the other hand, when bacteria were previously allowed to attach and form biofilm before treatments, we found interesting results in disruption of preformed biofilms with compound 7 [(+)-epi-afzelechin-(2(beta -> O -> 7,4 beta -> 8)-epicatechinl, followed by compound 6 [(-)-ent epiafzelechin-(2 alpha -> O -> 7,4 alpha -> 8)-catechinl and compound 3 at a concentration of 0.1 mu g/mL.

    Isolation, structural modification, characterization, and bioactivity of polysaccharides from Folium Isatidis

    Gao, YanhuaAbuduwaili, AytursunNuerxiati, RehebatiMutailifu, Paiheerding...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要:The purification process of Folium Isatidis polysaccharide (FIP) was optimized by response surface method (RSM) using AB-8 macroporous resin. A major homogeneous polysaccharide, named FIP-II, was purified from FIP through DEAE-650 M and Sephadex G-75 column chromatography. The structure of the FIP-II was investigated through the combination of HPLC, GC, FT-IR, sequential acid hydrolysis, peroxide oxidation, Smith degradation, and NMR analysis. Then, the sulfated, phosphorylated, and carboxymethylated derivatives of FIP-II, namely FIPII-S, FIP-II-P, and FIP-II-C, were prepared. Their structures were characterized by extensive analysis of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods including UV, HPLC, GC, FT-IR, Congo red, CD, SEM-EDX, XRD, TG, DTG, and DSC. Results of RSM showed that optimum purification conditions were elution flow rate 2.76 BV/ h, the sample concentration 2.03 mg/mL, and the elution volume was 1.26 BV. The average comprehensive score of purification was up to 76.28%. FIP-II and its derivatives were heteropolysaccharides composed of different molar ratios of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose, and galactose, with a molecular weight of 775.64, 911.75, 1288.31, and 1013.61 kDa. The structure modification influences the solution conformation, surface morphology, crystalline nature, and thermal properties of the FIP-II and its derivatives. Antioxidant activity tests showed that structure modification could significantly enhance the activity of the polysaccharides differently. It could be a potential ingredient in the functional food and pharmaceutical industry.