查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Zein colloidal particles, which have generally regarded as safe (GRAS) status, have been routinely used in formulations of oral nutraceuticals but not in skin care products. Herein, we constructed for the first time zein-based topical vehicles to address skin photoaging. To this end, we fabricated a new type of eco-friendly nanoparticles by co-assembling zein with hyaluronic acid (HA), a cell-specific molecule, to encapsulate hydrophobic tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) with an aim to improve its cutaneous bioavailability. Impressively, the prepared nanoparticles could increase the solubility of THC in water by 72.84 times, and were stable at pH 4–10. In particular, the topical delivery systems were effective in UVB-induced cell and animal photoaging models, and were able to restore the accumulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and inflammatory factors to the normal levels at the selected conditions. In addition, the biotransformation of THC in HaCaT cells was observed and clarified. This strategy may open up new promising avenues for developing innovative nanocosmetics containing anti-photoaging ingredient.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Developing green and sustainable reagents and materials is of great significance for the lignin-containing nanocellulose (LNC) production. In this study, new green ternary deep eutectic solvents (DESs) pretreatment followed by microfluidization were used to prepare LNC from poplar. Under optimal pretreatment conditions (choline chloride: lactic acid: p-toluenesulfonic acid molar ratio of 2:10:1, 100 °C), ultrafine ribbon-like LNCs about 23.29 nm wide and 1.16 nm thick with uniformly distributed spherical lignin particles were obtained. The yield of the LNC reached 64.65%. The LNC exhibited cellulose I crystal structure, good dispersion stability in water and high lignin content of 27.65%. The LNC also possessed high thermal stability (Tmax = 370 °C). Additionally, the LNC suspensions showed high viscosity and strong gel-like behavior. The novel ternary DESs pretreatment combined with microfluidization process offers a promising route in converting hardwood biomass into value-added LNC.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2021 Elsevier B.V.Cell culture of Panax spp. is a potent sustainable source of biologically active triterpene glycosides (ginsenosides) specific for this genus. In this study, growth and biosynthetic profiles were investigated for P. japonicus suspension cell culture maintained for over 20 years by periodic subcultures in flasks. Cell culture demonstrated intensive growth evidenced by high accumulation of dry weight (DW, 9.8 gL?1), viability (80–90%) and specific growth rate (0.12 day?1) that were comparable to those recorded at the year of culture induction. Nineteen structurally different ginsenosides were identified in cell biomass using UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap HRMS and HPLC-ESI-Q-MS. Ginsenoside R0 and malonyl-ginsenosides (MalGs) accounted for over 80% of the total ginsenoside content in cells during the subculture cycle while the sum of neutral ginsenosides of protopanaxatriol (PPT: Re, Rg1, Rf) and protopanaxadiol (PPD: Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd) groups constituted less than 20%. Ginsenoside contents were maximized during growth decline phase as 35.3 mg/gDW for R0, 48.7 mg/gDW for MalGs, 10.4 mg/gDW for PPD and 5.2 mg/gDW for PPT. These data confirmed that 20-year-old cell culture of P. japonicus retained the ability for intensive growth and accumulation of wide spectrum of ginsenosides which opens the door for wide application of this culture.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) has increased its consumption because its grains have the highest content of omega-3 acid among grain crops. The objective was to determine the effect of environmental conditions on oil and protein concentrations and the fatty acid profile of chia grains. Two field experiments were conducted in Salta (24°53′32″S, 65°82′26″W, Argentina) including two chia populations (white-seeds and mixed-seeds) and 3–4 sowing dates (depending on the season) that generated variations in temperature and radiation during grain filling. With the delay in sowing date, oil concentration decreased and protein concentration increased. There were significant and positive associations of oil concentration with day and night temperatures and accumulated intercepted radiation, whereas protein concentration showed, in general, significant and negative associations with those environmental variables. This behavior led to a negative association between these two quality components. As day and night temperatures increased, palmitic and linoleic acid concentrations decreased, whereas stearic and linolenic acid concentrations increased. In addition, there was a decrease in palmitic acid concentration and an increase in oleic acid concentration as accumulated intercepted radiation increased. An increase in oleic acid concentration was associated with an increase in stearic acid concentration and decreases in palmitic and linoleic acid concentrations; the concentration of linoleic acid was negatively associated with the concentration of linolenic acid. Although both chia populations responded similarly to environmental conditions, the white-seed population showed a higher concentration of palmitic and linolenic acids, whereas the mixed-seed population showed a higher linoleic acid concentration. During grain filling of chia, increased temperature and accumulated intercepted radiation increased the main quality attributes of this crop: oil concentration and linolenic acid concentration.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Plant leaves are eco-friendly, low-cost and renewable biosorbents. This study utilized the recyclable ethanol solvent to pre-treat plant leaves against coloring the treated effluent and explore its adsorption performance for Cr(Ⅵ) and dyes. Six types of plant leaves and six corresponding extracted leaves were characterized by elemental analyzer, FT-IR and BET and leaf powders adsorbed Cr(Ⅵ) were characterized by SEM, FTIR and XPS. After the extraction treatment, the adsorption amounts of Cr(Ⅵ) declined, conversely, those of Congo red and Rhodamine B onto most leaves increased. For leaf powders, the adsorption of the three pollutants was mainly related with hydroxyl, nitrogen contents and the O/C value. Therefore, it could be concluded that the adsorption performance of plant leaves could be predicted through the element contents, in favor of the wide application of leaves in wastewater treatment. In addition, adsorption behaviors of leaf powders were obtained via kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies. It was found that the difference in the adsorption rate of leaf powders on Cr(VI), Congo red and Rhodamine B was mainly related to whether the adsorption process needed the protonation of leaf powders. The maximum adsorption capacities of Cr(Ⅵ), Congo red and Rhodamine B on the E-FS-LP were 80.00, 232.56 and 74.63 mg/g (308 K). The possible adsorption mechanism of the three pollutants onto leaf powders was proposed.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.For clean, effective, and high value-added use of wood, a novel non-toxic fluorescent molecularly imprinted hydrogel (FMIH) was prepared based on wood-derived cellulose nanocrystals and carbon dots for efficient sorption and sensitive detection of tetracycline (TC). The FMIH's morphology, chemical structure, optical properties and non-cytotoxicity were investigated. The adsorption performance of FMIH toward TC was studied, indicating that the sorption data were well fitted by the Langmuir and Pseudo-second-order models, and the maximum sorption capacity was 544.4 mg/g. An evaluation of the detection performance of FMIH toward TC showed its excellent selectivity and sensitivity to TC with the detection limit of 0.11 μg/L. Mechanism analysis confirmed that the efficient sorption and sensitive detection was due to specific molecular recognition sites introduced by wood-derived cellulose nanocrystals and carbon dots. Moreover, a cost analysis performed for FMIH and commercial activated carbon (CAC) showed that the cost of removing 1 g of TC using FMIH was almost thirty-four times cheaper than that of CAC. This work could provide a new way for using wood to produce a low-cost, multifunctional, and green adsorbent for removing antibiotics.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Graphene (GE) is a popular two-dimensional material in the area of material science and has gained much interest in the polymer nanocomposites in the last few decades because of its outstanding characteristics, such as mechanical, optical and electrical properties. Reduction or functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) into reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is the most recognized way to synthesize graphene due to the difficulty in getting graphene from natural graphite by direct exfoliation. Insertion of these graphene derivatives into natural rubber (NR) has led to the fabrication of conductive polymer nanocomposites, which in turn offer application in various fields including, super capacitors, electromagnetic interference shielding, sensors, etc. Moreover, GO and RGO is capable of enhancing the thermal, mechanical and gas barrier properties of NR matrix. This article gives an elaborative account on reinforcement of graphene, GO, RGO and their hybrids in NR as well as their applications. In addition to this, we have extended the discussion to NR/graphene/graphene derivative based blend nanocomposites.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst. is a medicinal herb used in traditional medicines. Scientific authentications of its multiple health benefits against several diseases have incessantly increased its commercial demand in the domestic and international market. As a result, alternative strategies for conventional cultivation/collection are necessary to eliminate the huge gap between demand and supply. Therefore, the goal of this work was to design an efficient hairy root induction protocol and to explore the effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and salicylic acid (SA) on the improvement of swerchirin (1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone) and 1,2,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone in S. chirayita hairy roots. To produce hairy roots, in vitro-cultured leaf explants were infected Rhizobium rhizogenes LBA 9402 with different cell density, infection time, and acetosyringone concentrations. The highest root induction frequency (87.50 ± 4.94%) and better hairy roots were observed at bacterial cell density (OD600 = 0.8) + 20 min infection time along with 200 μM of acetosyringone. The highest hairy root biomass (222.00 ± 8.33 g/L fresh weight (FW) and 21.64 ± 0.83 g/L dry weight (DW) were observed after 60 days. The highest content of swerchirin (0.710 ± 0.13 mg/g DW, 6th days after elicitation) and 1,2,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone (5.501 ± 0.73 mg/g, 6th days after elicitation) was displayed in 100 μM MJ experiment which was 1.80 and 6.0-fold increase than the control. Hence, an efficient developed hairy root protocol of S. chirayita is cost-effective and could be efficiently used for large-scale industrial manufacture of bioactive xanthones.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The AuthorsIt is significant to develop new adsorbents with excellent adsorption performance and convenient operation ability for removing pollutants from wastewater owing to the growing environmental problems. In this paper, a novel ultralight aerogel-based adsorbent with highly porous structure and good mechanical integrity was fabricated based on the interaction of amine groups on polyethyleneimine (PEI) and hydroxyl groups on cellulose nanofibers (CNF), with epichlorohydrin (ECH) serving as a crosslinker. The obtained CNF/PEI aerogel showed excellent water stability in harsh conditions, fast water-activated shape recovery, and ultra-fast water transport. The adsorption capacity for methyl orange (MO) in batch can reach to1226 mg g?1 at pH 6. Furthermore, the membrane also exhibited excellent selective adsorption and filtration, and separation performance. Therefore, this paper presents a new strategy to prepare low-cost and highly efficient adsorbents to remove organic dyes from wastewater for potential practical applications.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Red skin root syndrome causes reduction of both production and quality of Panax ginseng (ginseng). However, its development process and key metabolites are still unknown. Multiple metabolomes including non-targeted metabolome, and anthocyanins-targeted and carotenoids-targeted metabolomes were performed on field grown red skin and healthy ginseng. The detected metabolites were analyzed in combination with previous transcriptome results. The total metabolite profiles revealed that primary metabolites especially citrate was decreased, but secondary metabolites mainly involved in phenylpropanoid pathway were increased in red skin ginseng compared to those in healthy ginseng. Targeted metabolome found that each gram of fresh red skin ginseng sample contained 8 μg β-carotene, 0.56 μg α-carotene, 0.017 μg rutin, 0.248 μg chalcone, and some anthocyanins including 0.023 μg cyanidin and 0.037 μg quercetin 3-O-glucoside, albeit in low concentrations but higher than those in healthy ginseng. Furthermore, integrative metabolome and transcriptome analysis revealed that changes of metabolites related to anthocyanins synthesis were correlated with the related gene expression patterns. Additionally, jasmonate (JA) and its precursor 12-oxophytodienoic acid increased their concentrations dramatically in red skin ginseng, suggesting the possible role of JA or JA signaling pathway in regulating red skin syndrome. Consistently, the expressions of 17 MYB transcription factors were differentially regulated in red skin ginseng. JA related cis-elements are widely distributed at their promoters. Taken together, our study revealed reduction of primary metabolism but increase of secondary metabolism in red skin ginseng. MYB transcription factors of JA signal pathway were supposed to mediate accumulation of anthocyanins and carotenoids that contributed to the development of red skin ginseng.
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