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Industrial Crops and Products
Elsevier Science Publishers
Industrial Crops and Products

Elsevier Science Publishers

0926-6690

Industrial Crops and Products/Journal Industrial Crops and ProductsSCIISTPEI
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    From acetone fractionation to lignin-based phenolic and polyurethane resins

    Arefmanesh, MaryamNikafshar, SaeidMaster, Emma R.Nejad, Mojgan...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study, acetone fractionation was used to increase the homogeneity of softwood kraft lignin for product development. The acetone soluble and insoluble fractions were analyzed in terms of elemental composition, chemical structure, and thermal properties. The phenolic hydroxyl content of the acetone soluble fraction increased by 24%. The acetone soluble fraction of kraft lignin was used to fully substitute phenol in phenolic resin formulation. The resulting formulated lignin-formaldehyde adhesive showed higher adhesion strength (4.3 MPa) compared to a lab formulated phenol-formaldehyde resin (3.4 MPa) with 100% wood failure after lap shear test. On the other hand, the acetone insoluble lignin fraction, which had 23% higher aliphatic hydroxyl content compared to the starting lignin, was used to entirely replace petroleum-based polyol in polyurethane resin formulation. Then a bio-derived solvent (dihydrolevoglucosenone, Cyrene) was used to dissolve the acetone insoluble lignin fraction to synthesize lignin-based polyurethane resin. Tailoring the structure of kraft lignin through solvent fractionation resulted in two fractions, which were used to replace 100% of two major petrochemicals (phenol and polyol) in the formulations of phenolic and PU resins, that would otherwise be challenging due to the heterogeneity of softwood kraft lignin.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Study the catalytic effect on pyrolytic behavior, thermal kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of Ni/Ru/Fe-impregnated sugarcane bagasse via thermogravimetric analysis

    Kumar, AshutoshReddy, Sivamohan N.
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：The pyrolytic behavior, kinetic, and thermodynamic parameters of raw and metal (Ni, Ru, and Fe) impregnated sugarcane bagasse were investigated and evaluated by fitting thermogravimetric data of 5, 10, 15, and 20 ?/min heating rates (beta) into isoconversional models (FWO, KAS, and Kissinger's). Nano-metals (size ~10-20 nm) in the form of oxides/hydroxides were formed and adsorbed into the lignocellulosic matrix during the process of metal impregnation. The metals were (Ni, Ru, and Fe) incorporated into bagasse were able to lower the overall activation energy (SB-Ni-62.50 kJ/mol, SB-Ru-78.46 kJ/mol, SB-Fe-83.09 kJ/mol), enthalpy change (SB-Ni-58.37 kJ/mol, SB-Ru-73.71 kJ/mol, SB-Fe-78.54 kJ/mol), overall weight loss (SB-Ni-88.03 wt%, SB-Ru-85.46 wt%, SBFe-82.33 wt%) and increases the change in Gibbs free energy (SB-Ni-138.19 kJ/mol, SB-Ru-132.37 kJ/mol, SBFe-136.26 kJ/mol) at a great extent as compared to the raw sugarcane bagasse (E-alpha-125.23 kJ/mol, delta H-120.87 kJ/mol, delta G-109.61 kJ/mol). Metal impregnation into biomass can be a possible alternative route to minimize biomass pyrolysis's harsh operating conditions and enhance the yields of value-added products like gaseous fuel, bio-oil, and bio-chemicals.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    What leads to rubber leaf senescence in the northern edge of the Asian tropics?

    Chen, YaoliangWang, ShusenZhou, RuiwuGnanamoorthy, Palingamoorthy...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：The rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) belongs to the evergreen broadleaved species in its native ranges, but it has a concentrated leaf senescence period after it was introduced to the Asian tropics. The mechanism behind the leaf senescence is still unclear. Models for predicting leaf senescence dates of this introduced tree have been rarely explored. This study proposed a series of models to identify the main abiotic drivers for the rubber leaf senescence which include temperature, daylength, and water stress. Model tests using data observed from the rubber plantations over the Xishuangbanna region in China show that: (1) Low temperature or cold stress played more critical roles than water stress and daylength in driving rubber leaf senescence. While models using air temperature and soil temperature showed similar performance, the former was recommended for leaf senescence modelling as it is easy to obtain. (2) The root mean square error of all the proposed models was significantly lower than that of the null model which used the mean date of leaf senescence over the study years, indicating the ability of our proposed models in predicting rubber leaf senescence dates. However, no significant differences were found among the proposed models. The thermal time senescence model was recommended for leaf senescence modelling as it is easy to implement. This study helps to better understand the driving mechanism of rubber leaf senescence.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Valorization of coco coir into biocomposite materials through water-based chemistry

    Both, Avinash KumarLinderman, John AlanMadireddy, GuruHelle, Mark Alan...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this paper, an eco-friendly approach was reported to fabricate coco coir composites through water-based chemistry. The novelty of this approach lies in the water-based chemical methodology as well as the applicability of the fabricated coco coir biocomposites as proper growth media for hydroponics. In the fabrication process, the coco coir was first made reactive via azo coupling the aromatic structures of its lignin with bifunctional linkers. The reactive coco coir was then cross-linked with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to produce coco coir composites. Since the fabrication process was performed with water as the solvent at moderate reaction temperatures and the only byproducts were harmless inorganic salts, it is more sustainable than other existing chemical processes that employ organic solvents and produce volatile organic harmful compounds (VOCs). Additionally, a two-factor study was conducted to determine the main and interaction effects of different mass ratios of bifunctional linkers and PVA to coco coir on the bulk density and mechanical compressive strength of the coco coir composites. To highlight the applicability of our work, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N), water holding capacity, electrical conductivity, and substrate acidity of the composites were measured to verify their suitability for hydroponic applications. The coco coir composites were shown to be durable for use as growth media to support the growth of kale (Brassica oleracea) and cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants in a recirculating hydroponic system.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Lipase immobilization on multi-walled carbon nanotubes used as a target fishing tool and followed by molecular docking technique to analyze lipase inhibitor from Robinia pseudoacacia L.

    Wang, ShuaiWang, YunxiaoWang, ShunxinGuo, Shuang...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study, R. pseudoacacia flowers exhibited potential lipase (Aspergillus niger) inhibitory activity. To quickly explore the active compound, ligand fishing was adopted for screening the ligand from R. pseudoacacia flowers by lipase immobilized on magnetic polyamidoamine dendrimer-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes. After ligand fishing, the target compound was separated purposefully by optimizing the separation conditions of high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). As results, kaempferol with the IC50 of 327.64 +/- 15.33 mu g/mL was separated and identified. The further molecular docking results indicated that kaempferol was interacted with amino acid residue in the active site of lipase through van der Waals force, hydrogen bonds and Pi-Pi T-shaped interactions, yielding the binding energy of - 6.43 kcal/mol. The present method not only revealed the lipase inhibitory substances in R. pseudoacacia, but also provided an effective means for the screening of other natural substances.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses reveal wounding-induced agarwood formation mechanism in two types of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Spreng

    Zhang, PengLi, XiaofeiCui, ZhiyiXu, Daping...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Agarwood, a resinous portion of injured Aquilaria trees, has become scarce and precious because of its low yields in ordinary Aquilaria sinensis. A new type of A. sinensis, namely easier induced agarwood A. sinensis germplasm (EIAA), has recently been selected and cultivated. However, no information has been reported about its agar wood formation mechanism yet. Multiple approaches, including anatomical, physiological, biochemical and molecular profiling, were employed in this study to investigate wounding-induced agarwood formation in two types of A sinensis. After mechanical damage, the related physiological and biochemical parameters regulating defense response were increased significantly, while the related parameters regulating growth were decreased significantly in two types of A sinensis. The strength of defense response was decreased and the growth performance was recovered over time. Compared to ordinary A. sinensis, EIAA showed higher hormones levels of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene, higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, more total phenols and terpenes, higher net photosynthetic rate and photochemical efficiency of PSII, more consumption of non-structural carbohydrates, higher agarwood yield and oil content. There were marked differences in the components of agarwood essential oils between two types of A. sinensis. In particularly for 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone and 2-[2-(4'-methoxybenzene) ethyl] chromone, their richness in agarwood essential oil of EIAA was significantly higher in contrast with the ordinary A. sinensis agarwood. Differentially expressed genes further ensured the differences in defense responses to wounding stress and secondary metabolism patterns between two types of A. sinensis. These data collectively demonstrate that there is a tradeoff between growth and defense during wounding-induced agarwood formation and EIAA had stronger defense ability in physiological and biochemical levels compared with ordinary A. sinensis. This is the physiological mechanism by which EIAA has higher agarwood yield and essential oil content. Moreover, the differential expression of flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes explained the different chromone synthesis pathways between two types of A. sinensis. These findings provide new insights into wounding-induced agarwood formation mechanism in A. sinensis, especially for EIAA.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Genome-wide identification, expression pattern and subcellular localization analysis of the JAZ gene family in Toona ciliata

    Song, HuiyunDuan, ZhihaoWang, ZhiLi, Yue...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：The jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) is an inhibitor of the jasmonic acid (JA) signal transduction pathway, which plays a vital role in regulating plant growth and development and resisting diseases and insect pests. In this study, bioinformatics methods were used to identify the JAZ gene family from the whole genome of Toona ciliata and the gene characteristics, subcellular location, phylogenetic evolution, promoter cis-elements, and expression patterns were systematically analyzed. A total of 13 TciJAZs gene family members with complete TIFY and Jas domains were identified that were unevenly distributed on 9 chromosomes, encoding 134-400 amino acids, among which the molecular weights (MWs) was 15.75-42.29 kDa. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the TciJAZ gene family could be divided into five subfamilies (Group I -V) that have close relationships with Citrus clementina, and most TciJAZ family members contain light response and ABA response elements. The transcription factor (TF) families ERF, bZIP, and TCP play many roles with the JAZ family. Subcellular localization results shows that all TciJAZs genes expressed and function in nucleus. RT-qPCR results showed that TciJAZs are mainly expressed in flowers, mature leaves and tender stems. Under MeJA stress, all TciJAZs responded to varying degrees, among which TciJAZ3/4/5/6/7 had a prompt and strong response. Under Hypsipyla robusta stress, TciJAZ1/3/11 expression in leaves and tender stems was significantly upregulated, which may have an anti insect function. This study provides a basis for further research on TciJAZ genes function and regulatory mechanism in the future and lays the foundation for anti-insect gene selection and insect-resistant breeding of T. ciliata.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Camelina seed harvesting, storing, pretreating, and processing to recover oil: A review

    Veljkovic, Vlada B.Kostic, Milan D.Stamenkovic, Olivera S.
    21页
    查看更多>>摘要：Camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] is cultivated worldwide as a rotational oilseed crop under a range of agronomic and environmental conditions. In recent years, interest in camelina has increased due to its short vegetation season, modest agricultural and environmental requirements for cultivation, high seed and biomass (straw) yield, high seed oil content, high polyunsaturated fatty acids content in the oil, and multiple uses. This paper is an overview of the initial steps of any camelina-based production process, such as plant cultivation and harvesting, seed pretreatment, and oil recovery. The main features of the camelina plant and seed are shortly described. The prominent issues of harvesting, cleaning, drying, storing, and pretreating of camelina seed are discussed. The main part of the paper is focused on oil recovery from the pretreated seed. The traits of various camelina oil recovery methods are stressed. The physicochemical properties and composition of camelina oil, with an emphasis on fatty acid profile and bioactive substances (tocopherols, vitamins, polyphenols, sterols, glucosinolates, etc.) contents, are considered. The traditional, actual, and prospective uses of camelina seed, oil, meal, and straw are briefly overviewed. Based on the fatty acid profile of the oil, the bioactive constituents of the meal, and the lignocellulosic content of straw, the camelina plant can be utilized in the biofuels, food, feed, and pharmaceutical industries. Future valorization of camelina should be based on full exploitation of its whole biomass in a biorefinery as it will give the high-added-value to its oil, meal, and straw.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Low-cost activated carbon preparation from Corn stigmata fibers chemically activated using H3PO4, ZnCl2 and KOH: Study of methylene blue adsorption, stochastic isotherm and fractal kinetic

    Mbarki, FatmaSelmi, TaherKesraoui, AidaSeffen, Mongi...
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：The aim of this study was to produce a low-cost activated carbon (AC) from an inexpensive precursor material, corn stigmata (CS), by chemical activation at low temperatures using H3PO4, ZnCl2 and KOH. The results were showed that activation with phosphoric acid provides an adsorbent with a larger specific surface area (S-BET) and high pore size. Textural and physicochemical properties of ACs activated with H3PO4 were then studied in different activation temperature. The increase of activation temperature from 200 degrees to 500 degrees C allows the development of many surface functions and the development of a mixture of meso and microporosity, so the S-BET increase from 0.25 to 820 m(2)/g. The physicochemical and textural properties of ACs were analyzed by N-2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, Boehm's titration, point of zero charge (pH(PZC)), SEM and EDX. The kinetics and isotherm of methylene blue (MB) adsorption were well described by BSf and GBS models indicating the stochastic and fractal adsorption process and a highly heterogeneous AC surface. The maximum adsorption capacity toward MB, 330.5 mg/g, was high compared to many other results found in literature.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Green fabrication of an ionic liquid-activated lignocellulose flame-retardant composite

    Li, YingyingWang, YuanyuanXie, TingtingZhang, Jiayi...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：A flame-retardant lignocellulose composite was fabricated via ionic liquid activation assisted by hot-pressing. To obtain a dilated, isolated surface, lignocellulose was pretreated with an ionic liquid. After modification with an ionic liquid, micro/nanofibrils appeared on the surface of lignocellulose. Cross-linking between micro/nanofibrils was beneficial for the deposition of inorganic particles. Ammonium polyphosphate and aluminum hydroxide particles were deposited on the surface of lignocellulose via hydrogen bonding and van der Waals adsorption, forming a flame-retardant layer. The ionic liquid-activated flame-retardant lignocellulose composite exhibited better flame retardancy and higher mechanical strength than those of pure lignocellulose. Compared to those of pure lignocellulose, the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR) and total smoke production (TSP) of lignocellulose-based ammonium polyphosphate/aluminum hydroxide (LPA) composites decreased by 78.5%, 35.71% and 88.24%, respectively. The LPA composites had a mechanical strength of 48.5 MPa, which was 33.99% higher than that of pure lignocellulose. This method provides a new approach for lignocellulosebased flame-retardant materials.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier