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Industrial Crops and Products
Elsevier Science Publishers
Industrial Crops and Products

Elsevier Science Publishers

0926-6690

Industrial Crops and Products/Journal Industrial Crops and ProductsSCIISTPEI
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    The alleviation of lignin inhibition on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by its ultrastructure

    Chen, XindongLi, HailongYao, ShimiaoWang, Can...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Lignin is regarded as the primary factor that inhibits enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. However, the impact of cellulose ultrastructure on the inhibition of lignin during enzymatic hydrolysis is still unclear. In this work, the addition of lignin during enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose with different ultrastructure was investigated. Furthermore, the influences of changing cellulose ultrastructure on cellulose conversion of pine after hydro thermal treatment (HT) without and with additives (2-naphthol (2 N) and phloroglucinol (PL)) were explored in detail. The results showed that enzymatic hydrolyzability of allomorphic cellulose was strongly inhibited by lignin. In contrast, a small inhibition degree of lignin was observed for amorphous cellulose. Surprisingly, the cellulose conversion of HT treated pine was dramatically decreased (18.45-6.25%) after ball-milling treatment (BM), while it was significantly increased (18.45-74.49%) after concentrated phosphoric acid treatment (CP). In addition, the addition of 2 N or PL during HT could promote or inhibit cellulose conversion due to the changes in the condensation degree of lignin. These results indicated that the physiochemical structure of lignin has a significant effect on cellulose hydrolysis. More importantly, the increasing degree of cellulose conversion was enhanced in sequence from HT+PL (6.19-35.00%), HT (18.45-74.49%), to HT+ 2 N (21.12-92.30%) after CP, which was attributed to the reducing lignin condensation and changing cellulose ultrastructure. Overall, this work demonstrated that the inhibition degree of lignin was highly dependent on the cellulose ultrastructure.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Olive oil-derived degradable polyurethanes for bone tissue regeneration

    Nilawar, SagarChatterjee, Kaushik
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Engineering biomaterials for tissue regeneration with an appropriate degradation rate that is faster than the widely-used slow degrading polyesters and rapidly degrading surface-eroding polymers is challenging. Polyurethanes exhibit the desired combination of physico-mechanical properties along with good biocompatibility and thus find widespread use in the clinic. Clinically, polyurethanes are used in catheters, tubing, patches, coating of pacemaker leads, and left ventricular assisted devices. In this study, two different polyurethanes were synthesized from olive oil, optionally incorporating polyethylene glycol (PEG). The presence of degradable ester groups in the monomers derived from oil imparts degradability to the synthesized polyurethanes. The hydrophilicity and thus degradability of polyurethanes were improved by incorporating PEG into the polymer network. The synthesized polymers were analyzed through physical, mechanical, and thermal characterization. The reduction in storage modulus from 38.7 to 3.7 MPa was observed after incorporating PEG. In 63 days, neat oilbased polyurethane degraded 3.3%, whereas PEG-containing polyurethane showed 10.8% mass loss. The synthesized polymers can be fabricated into a variety of two-dimensional substrates and three-dimensional scaffolds by compression molding and particulate leaching techniques. The prepared polyurethanes showed good cytocompatibility in vitro and efficiently supported the osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts. The incorporation of PEG adversely affected osteogenic differentiation. Thus, these olive oil-based polyurethanes are shown to be promising biomaterials for developing scaffolds with tunable degradation and mechanical properties for tissue regeneration.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Mesembrine alkaloid production in in vitro culture morphotypes of Sceletium tortuosum (L.) NE Br

    Makunga, N. P.Hall, E.Stander, M. A.
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Different routes of access to mesembrine alkaloids uniquely produced by the medicinal succulent Sceletium tortuosum (Aizoaceae) are thus highly sought after in the natural products sector. In order to develop a biotechnological method, the establishment of in vitro microshoot and callus suspension cultures was investigated using in vitro seedlings of S. tortuosum. The production of mesembrine and other alkaloid derivatives in vitro was monitored using high-throughput ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in regenerated microplant and callus cultures. Microshoots were transferred to a shoot multiplication medium after initiation on media with factorial combinations of 1-naphthylacetic acid and N-6-benzyladenine at 0-1 mg/L and 1-5 mg/L, respectively. Persistent carryover effects associated with the initiation procedures led to four dominant morphotypes. A drier Micropore (TM) seal environment reduced the number of propagules but the cultures exhibited greater proportions of healthy plantlets (88%) even though the incidence of a red coloured pigment was higher, recorded at 100% in some of the lines. Using a semi-in vitro technique, 96% of in vitro derived plants survived ex vitro. Microshoot cultures, pre-treated with a dehydration step, accumulated four key biomarkers with mesembrine (3270.9 mg/kg), mesembranol (4738.8 mg/kg), mesembrenol (333.1 1 mg/kg), and Delta(4) mesembrenone (29.9 mg/kg) (dry weight) at levels comparable to wild types. Delta(7)-Mesembrenone, while detected in the microshoots, was not present in callus cultures. The reported mass propagation strategies are opportune for offering an alternative source to the mesembrine alkaloids currently used in clinical herbal formulations.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Plants and phytochemicals inhibit scar formation: A systematic review

    Ti, Yee LeeSong, FeiFang, ZhongxiangZhang, Pangzhen...
    20页
    查看更多>>摘要：Bioactive compounds in plant extract provide a potential solution to improve the wound healing process and mitigate scar formation through their anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity. Although various studies presented the potential of plant compounds in improving the wound healing process and preventing scar formation, no systematic review has been performed to compare the anti-scarring effect and the underlying mechanisms of the plant compounds. Therefore, this study aims to explore the anti-scarring property of plant compounds and tries to answer the following research questions: 1) Which plants and phytochemicals have anti-scar effect? what is the mechanism of action? 2) Have human trials been conducted to confirm their anti-scar effect? 3) If not, which plant compounds are recommended for further human trials? The study was conducted by systematic reviewing of original in vitro and in vivo research following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow, dated from 2000 to 2021 throughout databases of Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Screened plant/plant extracts/phytochemicals with scar inhibitory effects were classified based on the mechanisms of action. A total of 33 studies were selected through the PRISMA flow, in which 30 plant extracts and phytochemicals were found to have the potential of inhibiting excessive scar formation by accelerating wound healing process, regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokine level, collagen production, collagen type I:III composition, proliferation, and apoptosis through transforming growth factor beta/Smad (TGF-beta/Smad), Toll-like receptor-4/Nuclear factor-kappa B/Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (TLR-4/NF-kappa B/PPAR gamma), AKT/Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (AKT/ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), and Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI-3 K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathways. Amongst the selected studies, only one was performed on human tissue, which indicated that the oily extract of Hypericum perforatum could effectively reduce scar heights. The rest of the studies were all based on cell culture or animal study despite of the positive results, and further human trial is required to validate the results. Moreover, plant compounds namely tagitinin C, pseudolaric acid-B, osthole, shikonin, gallic acid, lapachol, aspidin PB, and essential oil extracts of Ligusticum chuanxiong, may induce apoptosis and have potential toxic risks to normal cells, and further assessments on their toxicity are required. This study identified plants/plant extracts/phytochemicals with anti-scarring property in vitro and in vivo and concluded that there was limited evidence to prove their anti-scarring property in human. Nevertheless, this study provides a valuable reference for future studies to select phytochemicals for human trial and the development of anti-scar formation cosmetics or health products.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Structural and bioactive characterization of purified polysaccharide from deep-freeze pretreated Sorghum bicolor L. leaf sheath

    Yarley, Otu Phyllis NaaKojo, Azumah BrightJessica, Oppong-MensahZhou, Cunshan...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study determined the effect of deep-freeze pretreatment of sorghum leaf sheath on the extraction yield of ultrasound-extracted purified polysaccharides (DFUP-1), and confirmed the physicochemical, structural and bioactive characteristics of DFUP-1. Deep-freeze pretreatment induced breaks in the cell walls and resulted in a higher yield (14.35%) of crude polysaccharide extract than without pretreatment (9.23%). The crude extract was purified using DEAE-52 cellulose ion exchange and Sephadex G-100 gel-filtration chromatography to obtain DFUP-1. The H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra of DFUP-1 showed the presence of beta-glycosidic linkages and a substitution at C6 of the sugars which may be O-methyl substitution or due to beta (1-6) linkages. Peaks for alpha-anomeric linkages were not detected. The FTIR spectrum of DFUP-1 confirmed its carbohydrate functional groups. Periodate oxidation and formic acid analysis of DFUP-1 showed 1-, 1-6, 1-2, 1-3 and 1-4 linkages. GC-MS analysis of monosaccharide residues of DFUP-1 showed presence of glucose, galactose, arabinose, mannose and xylose. Congo red assay showed that DFUP-1 was not of triple-helix configuration. The ABTS+ and DPPH radical scavenging assay showed an IC50 of 0.10 mg/mL and 1.19 mg/mL for DFUP-1 respectively. At 0.2 mg/mL DFUP1 showed anti-inflammatory (anti-egg denaturation) activity of 41.52%. The DFUP-1 sample showed lower inhibitory effect against proliferation of leukemia cells at an IC50 of 37.43 mu g/mL compared to curcumin with IC50 of 0.98 mu g/mL. Taken together, deep-freeze pretreatment coupled with ultrasound extraction increases yield of sorghum leaf sheath polysaccharides with potential nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Sonoextraction of phenolic compounds and saponins from Aesculus hippocastanum seed kernels: Modeling and optimization

    Anibarro-Ortega, MikelFerreira, Isabel C. F. R.Pinnela, JoseBarros, Lillian...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：The sonoextraction (SE) of aescin saponins and phenolic compounds from the inedible seed kernels of Aesculus hippocastanum was optimized using a central composite rotatable design coupled with response surface meth-odology, where the joint effects of ultrasonic power, sonication time, and ethanol proportion were investigated. Flavonol glycosides (>= 90 % of the phenolic fraction), flavan-3-ols, phenolic acids, and aescin saponins were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn, and the quantitative data was fitted to a quadratic model to predict the optimal SE conditions. After validating the models, the significant effect of the three factors was confirmed. The extraction of flavonols was maximized to 48 +/- 2 mg/g extract by SE at 105.9 W for 4.1 min in 83.9 % ethanol, while 19.9 min sonication at 100.9 W in 95.8 % ethanol favored the recovery of 3.8 +/- 0.1 mg/g extract of aescin saponins. A process for simultaneous SE of both classes of phytochemicals was also established. Overall, these SE processes proved to be time-saving and selective for the A. hippocastanum seed active constituents, which are cognized for their wide range of bioactivities and applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Distinct metabolomes and quality characteristics of vacuum-assisted osmosonic-pretreated Curcuma longa L. rhizomes subjected to different drying methods

    Alolga, Raphael N.Osae, RichardIbrahim, Traore S.Onoja, Vitus...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study sought to investigate the impact of four drying methods, thus, sun (S) drying, freeze (F) drying, relative humidity convective (RHC) drying and infrared (IR) drying, on the metabolomes and quality characteristics of vacuum-assisted osmosonic-pretreated turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) slices. The quality characteristics examined included contents of marker compounds, antioxidant activities, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), chromatic properties, sensory characteristics, rehydration ratios (RR), and moisture diffusivities. Using LC-Q/TOF-MS and chemometric analyses, the metabolomes of variously dried turmeric samples were examined. In this regard, we found distinct metabolome differences between the samples. These differences translated into differential levels of three marker compounds, thus, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin as captured by HPLC-DAD analysis. Overall, F drying gave the best results for all parameters assessed except for effective moisture diffusivity. Specifically, the F dried samples possessed the highest contents of the marker compounds, curcumin (3.99 +/- 0.01 mu g/mg), BDMC (0.275 +/- 0.0006 mu g/mg), DMC (0.170 +/- 0.0007 mu g/mg). The F dried samples also possessed the highest antioxidant activities, TPC, and TFC, chromatic and sensory characteristics. There were also marked differences in the rehydration ratios (RR), and the moisture diffusivities of the various dried samples. The RHC dried samples ranked second to the F dried samples for all quality parameters examined. In summary, for all the quality characteristics examined, the following order in terms of suitability and potential industrial large-scale applicability of the various drying methods was deduced: F drying > RHC drying > IR drying > S drying.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Strategy based on life cycle assessment for telemetric monitoring of an aquaponics system

    Carlos-Hernandez, S.Diaz-Jimenez, L.
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：An aquaponics process monitored by a telemetric system is studied. The objective was to determine the environmental impact of the whole process using life cycle assessment (LCA) in order to design a strategy for a sustainable management of the crops. The studied system includes aquaponics (integrated raising of Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia) and Lactuca sativa (lettuce) is considered), a monitoring system (drone), and telemetrics (data processing system). The functional unit was: 1 monitoring unit for aquaponics. The inventory was built from information provided by the enterprise owner of the system and official electricity and water data. The assessment was performed using the software openLCA v.1.10.3, the method CML baseline v.4.4.4, and the databases ELCD v.3.2 and Agribalyse v3.0.1. Based on the results of the LCA, a management strategy was proposed to reduce the environmental load, which is mainly due to nutrient recirculation, water pumping, and the number of drone flights. It was concluded that improving the three factors a reduction of 10 %, 10 %, and 60 % on average, respectively, can be achieved.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Zingiber officinale Roscoe essential oil: An alternative strategy in the development of novel antimicrobial agents against MDR bacteria

    Coutinbo, Eduardo Joaodos Santos, Maiara Viviane OliveiraSimionatto, SimoneVaz, Marcia Soares Mattos...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：Essential oils (EOs) are synthesized by plants during secondary metabolism and contain volatile chemical compounds with potential antibacterial activity against different pathogens. Thus, exploring the antimicrobial activity of EOs is an attractive therapeutic strategy to treat serious diseases. In this study, the properties of Zingiber officinale EO, including the chemical composition, acute toxicity, as well as in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial effects were evaluated. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS) analyses revealed the presence of the following major phytocomponents: geranial (15.8%), neral (13.5%), 1.8-cineole (8.8%), camphene (6.6%), beta-phellandrene (5.9%), and alpha-curcumene (3.7%). In vitro, Z. officinale EO exhibited antibacterial activity against 18 MDR Gram-negative bacteria, with MIC values ranging from 0.28 mg/mL to 1.09 mg/ mL. Cell death was observed after 8 h of incubation by evaluating the decrease in viable cell counts for all the bacteria assessed. The integrity of the bacterial cell membrane was monitored, and protein leakage was observed with increasing concentrations of Z. officinale EO. Further in vivo (based on animal sepsis model) analyses revealed the antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains, without detectable acute toxicity. Thus, Z. officinale EO exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against MDR Gram-negative bacteria, thereby making it a promising natural antimicrobial agent.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Preparation and characterization of sustainable osthole@guar gum composite film and antifungal mechanism against Ustilaginoidea virens

    Hu, XianfengWang, JianWu, XiaomaoGao, Xiubing...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：The purpose of this study is to develop a new safe and sustainable technology to reduce the excessive dependence on chemical pesticides in crop protection fields. Ost-HP-beta-CD inclusion complex was prepared using osthole (Ost) and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) as ingredients that were added into guar gum film (GG film) to develop osthole@guar gum composite film. The results suggest that the characteristic peaks of Ost were detected in Ost@GG composite film, and its thermal stability was superior compared to Ost. The inhibition rate of Ost@GG composite film 200 times solution on conidia and hyphae of Ustilaginoidea virens was 100%, which was significantly higher than that of GG film and Ost-HP-beta-CD inclusion complex at the same dilution times. Ost@GG composite film might destroy cell wall of U. virens causing leakage of intracellular contents and cell death. Ost@GG composite film has exceptional properties and antifungal activity U. virens.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier