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International Journal of Phytoremediation
Taylor & Francis
International Journal of Phytoremediation

Taylor & Francis

1522-6514

International Journal of Phytoremediation/Journal International Journal of PhytoremediationSCIISTP
正式出版
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    Evaluation of the metal(loid)s phytoextraction potential of wild plants grown in three antimony mines in southern China

    Zhang, YunxiaSong, BoZhu, LiangliangZhou, Ziyang...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要:Wild plant species from three deserted antimony (Sb) mine areas in southern China were collected to measure eight metal(loid)s. Antimony, As (arsenic), Cd (cadmium), Cr (chromium), Cu (copper), Ni (nickel), Pb (lead), and Zn (zinc) concentrations in plants and soil were analyzed. The soils of the mining area was weakly alkaline and contained toxic levels of Sb, As, Pb, Cd, and Zn. Many plant species in the area (40 species and 19 families) have no clear signs of toxicity. The plants were divided into three categories (high, moderate, and low tendency to accumulate metals) based on their (ratio [RT], bioaccumulation factor [BCF], translocation factor [TF]) values. The plants with a high accumulation tendency exhibited the high potential to absorb Sb from contaminated soil; therefore, they can be used for the remediation or phytoremediation of Sb-contaminated soil.

    Nonlinear regression analysis and response surface modeling of Cr (VI) removal from synthetic wastewater by an agro-waste Cocos Nucifera: Box-Behnken Design(BBD)

    Kumari, BinuTiwary, Rajani KantYadav, MahendraSingh, Krishna Murari Prasad...
    18页
    查看更多>>摘要:In this study, several statistical tools have been used for the optimization of adsorption parameters. Besides, the material has been characterized before and after adsorption by different sophisticated methods like AFM, SEM-EDX, and FTIR. A desorption study has also been conducted using 0.2 N NaOH medium showing its regenerating capacity up to four-cycle.

    Treatment of leachate through constructed wetlands using Typha angustifolia in combination with catalytic ozonation on Fe-zeolite A

    Ikhlaq, AmirJaved, FarhanAkram, AsiaQazi, Umair Yaqub...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:Leachate control and management is a major challenge faced during solid waste management as it may pollute surface and groundwaters. In the current research, constructed wetlands (CWs) vegetated with Typha angustifolia plant in combination with catalytic ozonation by ferrous (Fe)-coated zeolite A was studied for the treatment of leachate. The CWs treatment with 9 days detention reduced the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) up to 75.81% and 69.84%, respectively. Moreover, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) removal of 91.16%, 33.33%, and 25.22% were achieved, respectively. The Fe-coated zeolite A catalytic ozonation further reduced the COD up to 90.7%. Comparison of the processes showed the effective performance of the combined process (CW/O-3/Fe-zeolite) with 97.76% COD reduction of leachate. It is, therefore, concluded that the studied combined process (CW/O-3/Fe-zeolite A) was more efficient as compared with single ozonation and CW alone, hence it can be implied for the leachate treatment in real conditions.

    Bisphenol A removal by the Chlorophyta Picocystis sp.: optimization and kinetic study

    Ben Ali, RihabBen Ouada, SabrineLeboulanger, ChristopheAmmar, Jihene...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要:The Chlorophyta Picocystis sp. isolated from a Tunisian household sewage pond appears promising for effective removal of Bisphenol A (BPA). Efficient and cost-effective technology for contaminants remediation relies on a tradeoff between several parameters such as removal efficiency, microorganism growth, and its tolerance to contaminant toxicity. This article demonstrates the optimum conditions achieving the highest removal rates and the minimal growth inhibition in batch cultures of Picocystis using response surface methodology. A central composite face-centered (CCF) design was used to determine the effects on removal and growth inhibition of four operating parameters: temperature, inoculum cell density, light intensity, and initial BPA concentration. Results showed that the maximal BPA removal was 91.36%, reached the optimal culture conditions of 30.7 degrees C, 25 x 10(5) cells ml(-1) inoculum density, 80.6 mu mol photons m(-2) s(-1) light intensity, and initial BPA concentration of 10 mg l(-1). Various substrate inhibition models were used to fit the experimental data, and robustness analysis highlighted the Tessier model as more efficient to account for the interaction between Picocystis and BPA and predict removal efficiency. These results revealed how Picocystis respond to BPA contamination and suggest that optimization of experimental conditions can be effectively used to maximize BPA removal in the treatment process.

    Changes in the nitrification-denitrification capacity of pilot-scale partially saturated vertical flow wetlands (with corncob in the free-drainage zone) after two years of operation

    Farias Aaron, Del ToroZurita Martinez, Florentina
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要:This six-month study aimed to evaluate the removal of total nitrogen (TN) in two duplicated partially saturated (PS) vertical flow (VF) wetlands added with corncob in two different heights of the free-drainage zone (FDZ) after two years in operation. Both PS VF wetlands efficiently removed organic matter measured as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) as well as total suspended solids (TSS) achieving average mass removal efficiencies of 95.3%, 83.2% and 92.9%, respectively, in system I (SI) and 96.3%, 84.0% and 94.9%, respectively, in system II (SII); with no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the systems. Measurements of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and electrical conductivity (EC) showed suitable conditions in the saturated zone (SZ) of the systems for denitrification process. TN removal was similar in both systems (p > 0.05) (51.5% and 52.9% in SI and SII), and decreased in 15% with respect to the first year. This decrease was due to the lower denitrification capacity of the FDZ as a result of the reduction in the supply of biodegradable carbon by corncob. Denitrification occurred in the SZ, but not at a sufficient level to increase TN removal. Novelty First, the use of lignocellulosic residues in partially saturated vertical wetlands to promote total nitrogen removal is very recent. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating TN removal after two years of operation in this type of wetland. Therefore, this study allows us to better understand the function of these systems, in a relatively long term. Thanks to this study: it is possible to confirm that the main process of TN elimination is through the simultaneous nitrification-denitrification process in the free drainage zone (denitrification in the saturated zone is irrelevant) and that TN elimination decreases due to the reduction in carbon supply from the corn, in this area.

    Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the alleviation of lead toxicity to Pisum sativum L.

    Shabaan, MuhammadAsghar, Hafiz NaeemAkhtar, Muhammad JavedAli, Qasim...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:Plant-microbe interaction is a significant tool to tackle heavy metals problem in the soil. A pot trial was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of lead tolerant rhizobacteria in improving pea growth under Pb stress. Lead sulfate (PbSO4) was used for spiking (250, 500, and 750 mg kg(-1)). Results indicated that inoculation with Pb-tolerant PGPR strain not only alleviated the harmful impacts of Pb on plant growth but also immobilized it in the soil. PGPR in the presence of Pb at concentrations of 0, 250, 500 and 750 mg kg(-1), increased shoot and root lengths by 21, 15, 18% and 72, 80, 84%, respectively, than uninoculated control. Moreover, fresh biomass of shoots and roots were also increased by 51, 45, 35% and 57, 101, 139% respectively, at Pb concentrations of 250, 500 and 750 mg kg(-1). In addition, PGPR inoculation also reduced Pb concentration in the roots and shoots by 57, 55, 49% and 70, 56 and 58% respectively, than uninoculated control. So, PGPR proved to be an efficient option for reducing Pb mobility and can be effectively used for its phytostabilization. Novelty statement Lead (Pb) is highly noxious and second most toxic element in the nature having high persistence. It ranks 1(st) in the priority list of hazardous substances and causes adverse effects after its entry into the living system. So, its remediation is inevitable. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) possess the potential to not only survive under stressed environments, but also promote plant growth on account of their different plant growth promoting mechanisms. Most researchers have worked on its bioaccumulation in plant body. This study however, used pea as a test crop and caused Pb phytostabilization and thereby, suppressed its entry in the above-ground plant parts.

    Identification of degrader bacteria and fungi enriched in rhizosphere soil from a toluene phytoremediation site using DNA stable isotope probing

    BenIsrael, MichaelHabtewold, Jemaneh Z.Khosla, KaminiWanner, Philipp...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要:Improved knowledge of the ecology of contaminant-degrading organisms is paramount for effective assessment and remediation of aromatic hydrocarbon-impacted sites. DNA stable isotope probing was used herein to identify autochthonous degraders in rhizosphere soil from a hybrid poplar phytoremediation system incubated under semi-field-simulated conditions. High-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA genes in metagenomic samples separated according to nucleic acid buoyant density was used to identify putative toluene degraders. Degrader bacteria were found mainly within the Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria phyla and classified predominantly as Cupriavidus, Rhodococcus, Luteimonas, Burkholderiaceae, Azoarcus, Cellulomonadaceae, and Pseudomonas organisms. Purpureocillium lilacinum and Mortierella alpina fungi were also found to assimilate toluene, while several strains of the fungal poplar endophyte Mortierella elongatus were indirectly implicated as potential degraders. Finally, PICRUSt2 predictive taxonomic functional modeling of 16S rRNA genes was performed to validate successful isolation of stable isotope-labeled DNA in density-resolved samples. Four unique sequences, classified within the Bdellovibrionaceae, Intrasporangiaceae, or Chitinophagaceae families, or within the Sphingobacteriales order were absent from PICRUSt2-generated models and represent potentially novel putative toluene-degrading species. This study illustrates the power of combining stable isotope amendment with advanced metagenomic and bioinformatic techniques to link biodegradation activity with unisolated microorganisms. Novelty statement: This study used emerging molecular biological techniques to identify known and new organisms implicated in aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation from a field-scale phytoremediation system, including organisms with phyto-specific relevance and having potential for downstream applications (amendment or monitoring) in future and existing systems. Additional novelty in this study comes from the use of taxonomic functional modeling approaches for validation of stable isotope probing techniques. This study provides a basis for expanding existing reference databases of known aromatic hydrocarbon degraders from field-applicable sources and offers technological improvements for future site assessment and management purposes.

    Effectiveness of wetlands to phytoremediate zinc, lead and chromium

    Matodzi, VhahangweleLegodi, Malebogo AndrewTavengwa, Nikita Tawanda
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:This study was conducted to assess the levels of zinc, chromium and lead in the Mvudi River, located in Thohoyandou in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Enlighten with the recent developments of plant species as remediates, plants were sampled for this study to assess their phytoremediation efficiency. The surface water and plant samples were collected before, within and after a wetland near a cement brick making factory. The samples were analyzed to determine the concentration of zinc, lead and chromium. The results showed that zinc was the most concentrated metal in plants and water reaching a concentration levels of up to 4.52 mg kg(-1) in the leaves of Bidens pilosa and 0.77 mg L-1 within the wetland. Chromium and lead were easily absorbed by the roots of the plants as showed by the significant decrease in concentration while moving into the wetland. The highest concentrations of chromium in plants was 0.41 mg kg(-1) in Xanthium strumarium (stem). The amounts of zinc, chromium and lead in plants samples were found to be higher as compared to that of water samples and this shows that plants were absorbing large amounts of metals. Novelty Statement: Several studies that have been conducted in Mvudi River focused primarily on analyzing heavy metals in water. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of selected wetland plants as remediates of heavy metals contaminating Mvudi River in Thohoyandou, South Africa. This was done by measuring the concentration of heavy metals of selected plants before, within and after the wetland area. If high level of heavy metals in the Mvudi River are not remediated, this will affect the quality of potable water and pose serious health effect to the people. This investigation exhibited an important role the wetland plants play of accumulating heavy metals in contaminated water.

    Perspectives of future water sources in Qatar by phytoremediation: biodiversity at ponds and modern approach

    Al-Thani, R. F.Yasseen, B. T.
    24页
    查看更多>>摘要:Anthropogenic and industrial wastewater (IWW) could be an additional future source of water to support the needs of the people of the State of Qatar. New lagoons have been built using modern technologies to optimize water use and waste recycling, as well as increasing the green spaces around the country. To achieve successful development of these new lagoons, lessons should be learned from the old ponds by examining their biodiversity, ecology, and the roles played by aquatic plants and algae to remediate wastewaters at these ponds. The perspectives of using IWW (from oil and gas activities), that is currently pumped deep into the ground are presented. Instead of causing great damage to groundwater, IWW can be stored in artificial ponds prepared for ridding it of all impurities and pollutants of various types, organic and inorganic, thereby making it serviceable for various human uses. Phycoremediation, bioremediation, and phytoremediation methods adopted by algae, bacteria and aquatic native plants are discussed, and special attention should be paid to those that proved successful in removing heavy metals and degrading organic compounds. At least three native plants namely: Amaranthus viridis, Phragmites australis, and Typha domingensis should be paid special attention, since these plants are efficient in remediation of arsenic and mercury; elements found abundantly in wastewater of gas activities. Some promising modern and innovative experiences and biotechnologies to develop efficient transgenic plants and microorganisms in removing and degrading pollutants are discussed, as an important strategy to keep the ecosystem clean and safe. Novelty statement Industrial wastewater (IWW) could be an alternative source of water at the Arabian Gulf region. Currently, IWW is pumped deep into the ground causing a great damage to groundwater; little information about this issue has been reported. Such IWW can be stored in artificial ponds designed for ridding them of all impurities of various types; various remediation methods can be used. Modern biotechnology to develop transgenic plants and microorganisms to enhance these remediation methods can be adopted.

    Effects of arsenite on physiological, biochemical and grain yield attributes of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): implications for phytoremediation and health risk assessment

    Shabbir, ArslanAbbas, GhulamAsad, Saeed AhmadRazzaq, Hina...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要:The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of arsenic (As) on physiological and biochemical attributes of quinoa, and human health risks associated with the consumption of As contaminated grains of quinoa. Quinoa genotype, Puno was grown on soil contaminated with various levels of arsenite; 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg As kg(-1) soil. Results revealed that plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, and grain yield of As treated plants were significantly less as compared to control plants. Plants exposed to elevated levels of 30 and 40 mg As kg(-1) of soil could not survive until maturity. Plant roots retained higher concentration of As than shoot indicating As phytostabilizing behavior of quinoa. Arsenic toxicity caused oxidative stress in quinoa plants, which elevated the H2O2 and TBARS contents and decreased membrane stability. This oxidative stress was partly mitigated by the induction of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX). Perhaps, our results regarding As availability might be an overestimate of the typical natural conditions, As accumulation in quinoa grains posed both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks to humans. It was concluded that quinoa is sensitive to As and the consumption of quinoa grains from plants grown on As concentration >= 20 mg kg(-1) of soil was not safe for humans. Novelty statement: The tolerance potential of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) against the trivalent form of arsenic (arsenite), and the health risks due to the consumption of arsenic-contaminated grains has not been explored yet. This is the first study in which we have explored the effects of arsenite on physiological, biochemical and phytoremedial attributes of quinoa. Moreover, human health risks associated with the consumption of As contaminated grains of quinoa has have been investigated. The findings of the present study would be helpful for farmers who intend to grow quinoa on arsenic-contaminated soils.