首页期刊导航|Transactions of The Institution of Chemical Engineers
期刊信息/Journal information
Transactions of The Institution of Chemical Engineers
Hemisphere Pub. Corp. [distributor]
Transactions of The Institution of Chemical Engineers

Hemisphere Pub. Corp. [distributor]

0957-5820

Transactions of The Institution of Chemical Engineers/Journal Transactions of The Institution of Chemical Engineers
正式出版
收录年代

    Applying an artificial intelligence model using multidimensional spatial-temporal data to predict arsenic contamination of groundwater

    Kun-Huang ChenSsu-Han Chen
    6页
    查看更多>>摘要：Special attention has been paid in recent years to the social and environmental implications of municipal solid waste.There are potential social and environmental issues associated with storing any waste in landfill.Soil,groundwater,and surface water contamination are issues related to landfill and the migration of contaminants by leaching to adjacent areas.The current research attempts to simulate the penetration of landfill contaminants through groundwater leaching,using PART modeling approaches.Multiple social factors,taken from five years of data from 20 counties and cities in Taiwan were used as predictors of groundwater arsenic content.The results indicate that the proposed model attains a precision rate of 87%.The findings suggest that county and city demographics and the volume of waste removed are two major factors in determining the arsenic content of groundwater.The proposed predictive model can be adopted by agencies as an effective early warning tool for groundwater arsenic levels.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Investigation of hydrogen-air and acetylene-air flame propagation through porous media using infrared visualisation

    G.Yu.BivolS.V.GolovastovV.V.Golub
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：One of the modern energy safety concerns is ensuring explosion safety when working with flammable gases.For this purpose,various methods are used,such as active chemical inhibitors and passive combustion suppression.The use of various porous materials is prevalent among passive methods for combustion suppression.This study focused on the experimental investigation of hydrogen-air and acetylene-air flame propagation through polyurethane foam and through the empty channel.The use of high-speed infrared camera enabled visualization of flame propagation inside the porous material.Two types of diagnostic channels were used with the dimensions of the diagnostic section 16 × 20 mm and 40 × 20 mm.The length of the foam was 120 mm.In hydrogen-air mixtures with 10 pores per inch(PPI)polyurethane foam the flame velocity was higher than in the empty section; with 30 PPI polyurethane foam the flame was quenched in the mixture with equivalence ratio ER = 0.3,but for mixtures with ER = 0.4 and ER = _(0.5)the average flame velocity was higher than in the empty channel.In the acetylene-air mixtures flame velocity was usually lower in polyurethane foam and only reached the flame velocity in the empty channel with ER = 0.8 and 10 PPI foam.Critical Peclet numbers that allowed the flame to propagate through porous materials were calculated based on the obtained experimental data.The critical Peclet numbers were 23-24 for the hydrogen-air mixture and 37-38 for the acetylene-air mixture.The channel was open near the ignition point,which allowed the obtained results to be less dependent on the channel length.Information obtained in this work can be used to improve the means of ensuring explosion safety,including in the areas of nuclear power and transport using hydrogen.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    FeMn/Al2O3 as a high-efficient and low-cost catalyst for chlorobenzene removal in a nonthermal plasma-catalysis reactor

    Linbo QinJia SongWangsheng Chen
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Fe and Mn are the transition-metals that have advantages of low cost and easy availability.In order to high-efficient remove chlorinated volatile organic compounds(CVOCs),a series of high-efficient and low-cost FexMny/Al2O3 catalysts were synthesized by reflux-coprecipitation method,and the removal of chlorobenzene,a CVOCs model compounds,was studied in a nonthermal plasma coupled with FexMny/Al2O3 system at room temperature.The kinetic parameters of the chlorobenzene removal in the nonthermal plasma reactor coupled with FexMny/Al2O3 were obtained.Meanwhile,the reaction route of the chlorobenzene removal in the nonthermal plasma coupled with FexMny/Al2O3 reactor was revealed.The results indicated that the best conversion efficiency and the highest CO2 selectivity of the chlorobenzene removal in the plasma-Fe1M1/Al2O3 system were in sequence as 95.77% and 93.11%.Moreover,the positive synergy between the plasma and the FexMny/Al2O3 catalysts greatly reduced the activation energies of the chlorobenzene removal,and improved the chlorobenzene removal efficiency in the plasma-FexMny/Al2O3 system.Finally,the possible reaction routes of the chlorobenzene removal in the plasma-FeiMn1/Al2O3 system were proposed based on the intermediates identified by the GC/MS.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    (V)UV degradation of the antibiotic tetracycline: Kinetics,transformation products and pathway

    Daniel KrakkoBjorn Tobiassen HeierenAdam Illes
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Tetracycline(TETR)is an antibiotic drug that is widely used in both human and veterinary medicine.It is frequently detected in activated sludge,wastewater effluent,river and lake water or sediment,usually in the pg/L-ug/L concentration range,but sometimes above the mg/L level.Conventional wastewater treatment plants have low removal efficiency for a large number of small organic molecules including TETR.Their efficiency can be increased by applying e.g.,an advanced oxidation method for the post-treatment of the wastewater effluent.One possibility is the use of(V)UV lamps for simultaneous disinfection and micro-pollutant removal.In this paper,the degradation of TETR by UV(λ = 254 nm)and(V)UV(A = 185 nm and 254 nm)light was studied,focusing on kinetics,mineralization,transformation products and degradation pathways.The effect of dissolved oxygen during irradiation was also examined.As expected,the degradation rate of TETR drastically increased in(V)UV irradiation compared to the conventional UV light.The degradation rates increased by 9% and 16% in UV and(V)UV experiments in the presence of dissolved oxygen possibly due to the generation of additional oxidative radical species.Total organic carbon removal was generally 15%,high TOC removal could only be achieved with greatly increased photon flux in(V)UV photooxidation.In total,eleven aromatic transformation products(TPs)were identified during the irradiation experiments.Three TPs(TP 418,TP 398 and TP 383)were described for the first time.The main degradation pathways include loss of water,CO,methyl or dimethylamine groups.Based on the kinetic profiles,(V)UV irradiation could effectively degrade all aromatic transformation products.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Ecological and human health risk assessment of chromite ore processing residue(COPR)dumpsites in Northern India: A multi-pathways based probabilistic risk approach

    Abhay GuleriaRahul SinghSumedha Chakma
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study,ecological and human health risk assessment(HHRA)of the subsurface environment was performed due to the presence of six different contaminants,i.e.,Cr(VI),U,F~-,As,NO_3~·,and Mo,in the proximity of chromite ore processing residue(COPR)dumping sites of Northern India.The analysis covered a probabilistic risk assessment approach comprised of 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations(MCS)for multi-exposure scenarios following soil and water pathways.The results of ecological risk indexes indicated considerable(contamination factor(CF)= 5.6)to very high(maximum CF ~ 11.0)contamination of soil near the Rania contaminant site.The maximum and 95th percentile of CF obtained due to Cr(VI)were 4.547 and 11.129,respectively,during the monsoon season.Cancer risk(CR)value for dermal contact exposure via soil pathway for the Rania site was > 1-2 orders higher than the safe limit,posing a serious threat to human health.Further,oral ingestion and skin dermal exposure to groundwater in the proximity of Chhiwali dumping site were posing the highest risk with CR = 18.5 and 54.9(> 10~(-6)),respectively to the adult population.Overall,the study recommends an urgent need to take intensive remediation action for these COPR dumpsites to ensure human health safety.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Is Kalina cycle or organic Rankine cycle for industrial waste heat recovery applications?A detailed performance,economic and environment based comprehensive analysis

    Huseyin YagliOzkan KoseYildiz Koc
    17页
    查看更多>>摘要：Contrary to the increase in energy demand throughout the world,fossil fuels,which are the main energy source,is now more difficult to reach because of the pandemic,transport or bilateral relations,etc.These obstacles in obtaining fossil fuels reveal the need to minimize energy wastage by utilizing low-temperature waste heat sources releasing the atmosphere without use.Especially for the industrial fields usage of advanced heat recovery-systems is necessary.In addition,it is a remarkable point that the evaluation of low-temperature thermal energy potential will contribute significantly to the reduction of carbon emissions,which is one of the most important goals in developed and developing countries.In this study,Kalina and Organic Rankine cycles,which are the most important low-temperature energy conversion systems in the utilization of low-temperature industrial waste heat widi a temperature of 250 ℃ and a mass flow of 10 m/s,were examined and compared to each other in terms of energy,exergy efficiency,economic outlook,and environmental effects.During the study,the turbine inlet pressure of the Kalina cycle was selected as 60,90 and 120 bar,while the turbine inlet pressure of the organic Rankine cycle increased from 10 bar to the critical pressure of the fluid.For all selected pressure levels,the turbine inlet temperature was increased from the saturated vapor temperature of the fluid to 240 ℃.As a result,although the Kalina cycle was found economically better than the organic Rankine cycle(3.93 years),the organic Rankine cycle using n-Pentane showed a better performance than the Kalina cycle in terms of energy,exergy,and CO2 emission reduction.The thermal efficiency,exergy efficiency,payback period,and CO2 emission reduction value of the organic Rankine cycle with n-Pentane were calculated as 25.95%,71.77%,4.03 years,and 207.17 kg-CO2/h,respectively.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Robust deep auto-encoding network for real-time anomaly detection at nuclear power plants

    Shi YongZhang Linzi
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：Detecting anomaly conditions in nuclear reactor is a critical issue in safety management of Nuclear Power Plants(NPPs).Conventionally,the operating status are monitored in transient data with pre-designed labels by human operators or basic diagnosis systems.Nowadays,continuous time series data from multi-sensors are increasingly collected and emerging unlabeled abnormal status are monitored during the operation,making it challenging to capture both spatial and temporal dependency at each time steps without supervised labels.In this paper,a robust unsupervised Multi-Variate Convolutional GRU Encoder-Dncoder(MVCGED)method is proposed to perform anomaly detection and fault diagnosis in multi-sensor operation time series data.Specifically,MVCGED first construct each time steps into signature matrices to maintain both spatial and temporal features via sliding windows with inner-correlation and forget mechanism.Subsequently,A CNN feature extraction network,CNN-based GRU encoding network and CNN decoding network are implemented successively to capture and reconstruct the hidden patterns of the signature matrices.Finally,the reconstruction loss are further utilized to detect anomalies and diagnose faults.Extensive empirical studies based on PCTRAN nuclear power plant operation data demonstrate that MVCGED outperforms commonly-used baseline methods.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    High-efficient phosphate removal from wastewater by weak magnetic La(OH)3 modified platanus biochar

    Shuaishuai LiWei ZengZiyue Jia
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：An adsorbent of weak magnetic La(OH)3 modified platanus biochar(La-MB)was synthesized for phosphate(P)removal by iron lanthanum sequential modification method for the first time.Compared with synchronous modification method,La-MB had higher P adsorption capacity and similar magnetic separation property.The performance of La-MB was evaluated in terms of adsorption isotherms,adsorption kinetics,coexisting competitive substances,regenerative ability,and it as fixed-bed column filler to remove P from actual wastewater.The results showed that La-MB had a monolayer P adsorption capacity of 116 mg/g in the pH range of 3.0-9.0 at 35 ℃ with the contact time of 45 min,and the adsorption capacity was higher than most La-modified magnetic adsorbents.The coexisting SO_4~(2-),NO_3~· and Cl~-had no effect,while the HCO3,CO_3~(2-)and humic acid interfered with the removal of P due to competition for active sites on the surface of La-MB.Moreover,approximately removal efficiency of 97% was remained after three adsorption-desorption cycles in 1.0 mol/L NaOH eluent,which showed the outstanding stability and cyclic utilization.The maximum treatment bed-volumes(BV)under influent flow rates of _(0.5)mL/min,1.0 mL/min and 1.5 mL/min were 3050 BV,2000 BV and 1100 BV,respectively.The characterization results of zeta potential,FTIR and XPS revealed that the P adsorption of La-MB was dominated by ligand exchange,inner sphere complexation and electrostatic attraction.All results indicated that La-MB could serve as a promising adsorbent for the efficient removal of P from actual wastewater.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Experimental investigation on condensation inside of storage tanks during rapid cooling in a heavy rain event

    N.SchmidtJ.DeneckeJ.Schmidt
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Experiments have been performed on a 2.6 m3 gas and liquid filled vertical storage tank at ambient conditions that has been cooled with cold water.The breathing volume flow and main parameters,such as gas and wall temperatures,condensate masses generated and tank differential pressure have been measured.The experiments have been performed with dry air,water and methanol as storage media.The aim is to obtain validation data for future models and correlations for cooling of storage tanks.Additionally,the impact of fog formation in the tank atmosphere,dropwise and film condensation and rain intensity during heavy rain events on the maximum breathing flow rate have been investigated.As a result of the analysis of physical phenomena during the cooling of the tank,an increase in the maximum breathing volume flow for storage media with increasing vapor pressure was observed.Strong fog formation was visible in all experiments with condensable liquids.In contrast to alcoholic storage media,dropwise condensation on the wall is expected when storing aqueous media.Rain intensity and heat transfer models from literature were examined regarding the sizing of tank breathing valves.Deviations between experimental data and a typical manual calculation model for sizing of tank breathing devices varied between 13% and 143%.The validation on the experimental data clearly showed that current models are not suitable for describing the breathing volume flow rate that occurs during sudden heavy rain events with sufficient accuracy.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    An innovative process combining electrocoagulation and photoelectro-Fenton-like methods during the abatement of Acid Blue 113 dye

    Ana A.MarquezOscar CorenoJose L.Nava
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：This paper focuses on the implementation of a smart hybrid water treatment process that combines electrocoagulation(EC)and active chlorine-based photoelectro-Fenton-like(PEF-like)methods to remove Acid Blue 113(AB 113)dye,used as a model persistent organic pollutant(POP),from synthetic solutions containing chlorides.The composition of AB 113 solutions expressed in terms of chemical oxygen demand(COD)was 250-1000 mg L~(-1)in 2000 mg L~(-1)NaCl at neutral pH.EC is conceived as a dye removal process,where iron flocs partially remove the dye in high concentrations.The residual dye in the solution(after EC)is oxidized to CO2 in the PEF-like treatment.An up-flow EC reactor was used for EC with two Fe plates as anode and cathode.A filter-press cell with a Ti|Ir-Sn-Sb-oxides anode and a stainless-steel cathode was employed for the PEF-like process.During PEF-like,the chloride is oxidized to HCIO,reacting with residual Fe~(2+)from the EC to yield ·OH.In EC,the influence of the electrolyte flow velocity(_(0.6)9<u<3.47 cm s~(-1)),applied current density(6<j<18 mA cm~(-2)),and initial AB 113 dye on the COD and color removal were systematically examined.The solution after EC was handled by PEF-like at u-24.2 cm s~(-1),j = 15 mA cm~(-2),adjusting 0.4 mM Fe~(2+).The best conditions of EC were; = 18 mA cm~(-2)and u = _(0.6)9 cm s~(-1),reaching COD removals from 67%.After EC,the residual COD was treated by PEF-like,reaching the complete abatement of organic matter.The total operating costs of the treatment(EC + PEF-like)ranged between 1.36 and 1.39 USD m'3.SEM-EDS,XRD,FTIR,and organic elemental analysis(OEA)of the dry floes confirmed the adsorption of AB 113 on iron aggregates.HPLC analysis during the PEF-like process allowed to identify traces of carboxylic acids at the end of the treatment.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL