查看更多>>摘要:There is a widespread concern of environmental and social issues in mining sustainability. Management of these issues in a responsible manner is a big challenge for sustainability of mineral sector. This paper presents the major environmental issues such as climate change, acid rain, ground level ozone, disturbance to hydrologic regime, water conservation, acid mine drainage, heavy metals contamination, siltation of productive and agriculture lands, changes in land use patterns, ecological disturbance etc. coupled with the societal development issues. Application of best management practices (BMPs) in select cases has also been presented to demonstrate the responsible mining in management of environmental and social issues to provide mining sustainability.
查看更多>>摘要:Slope stability monitoring is mandatory in coal mines. The main purpose of slope monitoring is ti predict the slope failure in advance and avoid the failures. There are various methods/instruments to monitor the slopes and various researchers have given various permissible displacements, but there is no well accepted approach of either monitoring or permissible deformations. So, in this paper an attempt is made to discuss need for slope monitoring, various method and instruments and need to develop an integrated slope monitoring plan.
查看更多>>摘要:Strata control is a major concern during underground coal mining and needs special attention. Statistical data shows that strata control related incidents like fall of roof and sides continued to remain the single largest cause of fatal accidents in underground coal mines. Between two stages of underground coal mining, viz. development and depillaring; major threat comes during depillaring operation when pillars are extracted i.e., removing of the natural support. Proper addressing of safety issues and its management during depillaring is a great challenge for coal mining industry. This paper presents the overview of different mining conditions and justifies why instrumentation and automation is the key to strata control.
查看更多>>摘要:Coal is one of the most essential resource of our country it is widely used for power generation and as a raw material in the industries. India has the fourth largest reserve of coal in the world and is the third largest coal producer in the world. However the country has to import coal from other countries to meet the demand of coal in the market. In India coal is mined by both underground and opencast method of coal mining. However the major production of coal comes from opencast mines in India the reason behind this is that around 45% of our reserve is under shallow depth of cover and because of less production cost open cast mining method is widely used. Production from underground mines in India has remained stagnant over the period of time and introduction of new art, mass production technologies is extremely limited. In India production from opencast mines is nearly 94% and that from underground mines is limited to 6%. Coal production from underground coal mines is declining and several underground mines are closed every year due to lack of introduction of mass production technologies and by conventional method of mining the cost of production of coal is high and recovery is less. As our 45% of coal reserve is under shallow depth of cover and due to increasing demand of coal and large scale mechanization ,the reserve under shallow depth of cover will be depleted in near future. Opencast method of coal mining has major environmental impacts and land acquisition possess serious challenges to operate a opencast mines, growing social awareness about environment is bridging the gap between cost of production by opencast and underground method. While by underground method of coal mining there are less environmental problems and the better quality of coal from the greater depth can be extracted by introducing mass production technologies in the underground coal mines. With this background, this paper has been prepared on the basis of data collected from reports, research papers and articles. Here we have made an attempt to understand the need to change status of underground coal mining in India
查看更多>>摘要:Economy of mine is dependent upon technology and innovation, but factors which are basis of economy are more dependent on Smooth implementation of such technology, In Indian Mining context, there are various legal and statuary bodies (IBM, DGMS, State DMG, MOEF &CC) those take care of the various norms and standard to be maintained based on Scientific study depending time to time. As Standards are laid down, some new technology or innovation in technology is need to be introduce.
查看更多>>摘要:This article introduces the significance of features of Rock bolts and its efficacy in providing reinforcement and strata strength in underground rock bolting. The items discussed include underground loading conditions, selection of rock bolt types, Testing procedure to assess the efficacy of Bolts during installation and compatibility between support elements basis the study conducted at Baroi Mines at Zawar Mala of M/s Hindustan Zinc Limited. The article touches upon that not only the material quality of the Rock bolt but also its design in terms of paddling, threading, shear pin introduction leads to higher reinforcement and thus the increase in safety aspects.
查看更多>>摘要:This paper presents evaluation of various approaches for stability of the pillars in underground coal mines for protection of surface structures. Empirical and Numerical models were used for estimation of Factor of Safety (FOS) for various conditions of extraction. From the findings, the suitable methods of depillaring and also measures to be taken for the smooth working while providing safety for surface structures were suggested.
查看更多>>摘要:This coal mine project is located in Singrauli Coalfield, M/s Northern Coalfield Ltd.The Project is partly in the Singrauli district in MP and partly in the Sonebhadra district in UPThe project is well connected by both road & rail. Nearest railway stationShaktinagar is at a distance of about 5 Km and approachable by all-weather metaled road. The project is at a distance of 63 Km by road from Renukut in UP and 18 Km from Waidhan in MP by Ranchi-Rewa highway.
查看更多>>摘要:Use of explosives as a primary rock fragmentation is the cheapest and popular method of in-situ rock breaking. In locations where explosives cannot be used due to closeness to buildings, structures, villages etc, the only rock breaking method is 'blast-free technique'. Under the blast free techniques surface miner, use of rock breakers, and rock splitters are the techniques which are based on mechanical energy being used to break or fragment. The other method which is now gaining more use is 'use of expansion cement or chemicals' to break the rock by cracking.In India ACCONEX was the first such expansion cements which were used to crack and break any type of rocks. But since last few decades a number of expansion chemicals are manufactured and used in India. They are based on a product from limestone, added with some additives. An attempt has been made in this paper to present the use of this chemical for breaking of rocks in quarries.
查看更多>>摘要:Energy and fuel saving is utmost important for sustainable development. Through energy and fuel conservation, we not only save the environment but also increase the productivity & Profitability.At times, tiny and steady efforts have large returns. We, at Baikunth Cement Works,UTCL are engaged in the business of manufacturing of Portland Cement for which Limestone is supplied from Century Cement Limestone Mines. We have made some practical and tiny efforts during mining of limestone, which has resulted into energy and cost saving. Some of these efforts has been narrated in this paper.