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Minerals Engineering
Pergamon Press, Inc.,
Minerals Engineering

Pergamon Press, Inc.,

0892-6875

Minerals Engineering/Journal Minerals EngineeringSCIISTPEI
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    Studies on the application of N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl)-sulfamic acid in the selective flotation separation of pyrite from serpentine

    Zhang, Xu-GangZhang, JieYe, Wen-longPan, Cheng-Lin...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：The flotation of pyrite is often depressed by the slime coating of fine serpentine. To eliminate the negative effect of serpentine, N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl)-sulfamic acid (SABMP) was employed as the depressant in this study. The results of micro-flotation experiments showed that the addition of SABMP could significantly reduce the adverse effect of fine serpentine and restore the floatability of pyrite in the pyrite-serpentine system. However, the floatability of pyrite and serpentine had not been obviously reduced in single mineral flotation after the addition of SABMP. The adsorption and ICP results indicated that SABMP could be adsorbed on serpentine surface and simultaneously promote the dissolution of Mg ions on serpentine surface. Further XPS tests demonstrated that SABMP interacted with the Mg species exposed on the surface of serpentine. In addition, it was discovered that the addition of SABMP changed the zeta potential of serpentine from positive to negative at pH 8.5, which eliminated the hetero-coagulation between pyrite and serpentine. The turbidity test further suggested that SABMP could convert the aggregation to the dispersion between pyrite and serpentine. These results demonstrated that SABMP is a potential depressant in the selective flotation separation of pyrite from serpentine.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    2-((5-Mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)acetic acid as a novel chalcopyrite depressant for selective flotation separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite

    Pan, Cheng-LinWei, Xiang-XiangZhang, Xu-GangXu, Yong-Wei...
    17页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this work, 2-((5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)acetic acid (MTAA), a stable and eco-friendly organic small-molecule reagent, was introduced as chalcopyrite depressant for selective flotation separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite. In the flotation experiments of single mineral and artificially mixed mineral, the recovery of chalcopyrite reduces from 90% to 5% in the pH range of 5 to 10 when MTAA (8 mg/L) is added. The results of IR and zeta potential show that there are two tautomers (thione and thiol) in solid MTAA, while in aqueous solution, MTAA is mainly in the form of thiol and reacts with copper ions. The results of XPS and TofSIMS measurements indicate that MTAA may react with copper ions to form a quaternary chelate structure via the S and N atoms. The DFT calculation results also show that MTAA is more likely to react with copper ions than iron ions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Simulation of bubble-particle attachment process and estimation of attachment probability using a coupled smoothed particle hydrodynamics-discrete element method model

    Je, JinyoungLee, DonwooKwon, JihoeCho, Heechan...
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：The bubble-particle attachment is an important step in determining the success of recovery in froth flotation. In this study, the bubble-particle attachment process was investigated using a coupled smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH)-discrete element method (DEM) model. The effects of particle inertia and the drag of fluid flow on the particle motion were examined. The sliding time was determined for different particle sizes, densities, and bubble sizes, and the simulated sliding time was compared with the analytical solution and our own experimental results using a high-speed camera. As the particle size and density increased, the sliding time decreased. However, this value was independent of the bubble size. The induction time was calculated as a function of the particle size and contact angle from an empirical model, and it was used to determine the attachment and net probabilities in a dynamic simulation. Based on the SPH-DEM simulation results, novel probability models were developed for bubble-particle interactions. Both attachment and net probabilities could be decoupled into hydrodynamic and thermodynamic effects, given that the collision probability was also derived as a single function of the particle Stokes number. The developed probability models embodying the mutual influence of bubbles and particles can be extended to macroscopically describe flotation cells and evaluate cell performance including particle recovery.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Quantitative analysis of surface adsorption reactivity during flotation process by surface complexation model: diaspore and kaolinite

    Gao, YaFu, XinzhuangYue, TongHan, Haisheng...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：The considerable discrepancy of reagent adsorption is definitely a prerequisite to separate different minerals in flotation, making it necessary to quantify and analyze adsorption reaction with surface sites. In present study, it is the first attempt to quantitatively describe complexation adsorption of sodium oleate (NaOL) on diaspore and kaolinite surfaces through surface complexation model (SCM) theory. The high precision potentiometric titration was conducted to clarify hydration process of active sites on mineral surfaces. Furthermore, NaOL adsorption with great precision and stability was implemented by GCMS method. For diaspore, logarithmic protonation constants for =AlOH2+ and =AlO- are 5.308 and - 8.701, respectively, while =AlOH density is 7.956 sites/nm2. For kaolinite, 5.601, -9.405, -1.1, -7.725, 3.899 are output as the corresponding values of =AlOH2+, =AlO-, =SiOH2+, =SiO-, =XH. The site ratio on edge and basal planes (=SOH: =X-) was 1.07: 1. NaOL adsorption equilibrium constants were 13.55 for =AlOL onto diaspore and 11.76 and 10.35 for =AlOL and =SiOL onto kaolinite. Finally, all the obtained results were successfully verified and predicted. It not only reflects the chemical characteristic of hydration and adsorption for mineral sites, but also provides the theoretical guidance and foundation for flotation optimization and database construction.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The development of a novel type of microelectrodes to evaluate the reactivity of fine sulphide mineral particles

    Shi, ZhimingPeng, YongjunChen, Xumeng
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Electrochemical reactivity of sulphide minerals has a strong effect on pulp chemistry and hence mineral flotation behaviours. A great number of flotation plants is experiencing difficulties in separating sulphide minerals at cleaner flotation after the rougher flotation concentrates are reground to small particle sizes. Bulk electrodes prepared from large mineral crystals have been used to investigate the reactivity of sulphide minerals, but they cannot represent the minerals at micro sizes in practice. In this study, a novel type of single-layer particle microelectrodes was developed for measuring the reactivity of fine particles. This type of microelectrodes used a conductive double side carbon tape as the substrate which had a minimum interference with the electrochemical signals of minerals. These microelectrodes were then used to evaluate the reactivity of pyrite particles of different sizes by measuring the corrosion current density from polarisation curves. It was interesting to find that pyrite reactivity increased with a decrease in particle size and there was an exponential increase in reactivity when particle size decreased to around 20 mu m. This study recommends the critical size, beyond which electrochemical reactivity increases dramatically, to be considered when the regrinding process is designed together with the particle size for mineral liberation.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Study of silver extraction from Ag2S containing concentrate in the presence of copper sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium metabisulfite, and ascorbic acid

    Banijamali, Seyed HadiRaygan, ShahramAmadeh, Ahmad Ali
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study, a silver-containing zinc sulfide concentrate was characterized and then leached to investigate the solvent extraction behavior and recovery of silver. Chemical and phase analyses were performed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), atomic absorption (AA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The microstructure of concentrate was characterized by using optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). The amount of silver in the concentrate equals 580 ppm as an Ag2S compound. About 77% of silver sulfide was free. Leaching of Ag2S was performed in the presence of sodium metabisulfite (0.2 M), copper sulfate (0.01 M), sodium thiosulfate (0.01 M), and ascorbic acid (2.8 mM). The dissolution efficiency in this condition reached 90.5%. The obtained solution was used to conduct solvent extraction tests. According to the leaching conditions, Cyanex302, TMTDS (Tetramethylthiuram disulfide) + 5 %TBP (Tributyl phosphate), and D2EHPA (Di-(2-Ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid) were used as organic extractants. The results showed that the maximum extraction was reached in about 15 min at pH above 1.5 and extractant concentration above 0.1 M. The presence of metabisulfite ions in high values can reduce the efficiency. The organic solvent released one H+ ion for each silver ion, and 2 mol of the extractant participated in the extraction reaction. The extraction and recovery of silver ions by all three organic solvents were similar.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    HeapSim2D-A 2D axisymmetric model of heap leaching under drip emitters I. Hydrology and solute transport

    Dixon, David G.Afewu, Kodjo I.
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：Most modern heap leaching processes involve drip irrigation, which induces certain flow and dispersion patterns within the heap. However, this important aspect of heap leaching is overlooked in most mathematical models.This is the first in a planned series of papers presenting a two-dimensional comprehensive model of heap leaching under drip emitters, called HeapSim2D. In this paper, the fundamentals of heap leach modelling are discussed, with particular attention paid to the effect of drip irrigation on the flow of water and the dispersion of solutes within heaps. The mathematical and numerical foundations of a 2D axisymmetric model of heap irrigation under a single point source are developed in detail, and a sensitivity study is presented for the simple case of a first-order gangue acid dissolution reaction in a column under a single drip emitter, using hydrological parameters based on experimental work presented in a previous paper.Simulations show that the capillary head parameter hc,0 is the master parameter which determines the degree of solution spreading under drip emitters. Ores with high capillarity (such as agglomerated ores with significant fines) will spread the solution effectively, whereas ores with low capillarity (such as pebbles without fines) will confine the flow mostly to a channel below the drip emitter. Also, even ores with high capillarity will have a largely unwetted zone at the top of the heap or column.Simulations also show that solute dispersion has a relatively subtle effect on the rate of chemical reactions within heaps and columns, but that, presuming the solution is spread out, the chemical rate constant is the most important parameter in determining the degree of reaction within heaps and columns.In future papers, models for gas flow, gas species transport, heat transport, and various case studies involving custom networks of chemical and biological reactions with kinetics will be presented.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Resource, characteristic, purification and application of quartz: a review

    Pan, XiaodongLi, SuqinLi, YongkuiGuo, Penghui...
    20页
    查看更多>>摘要：As a mineral resource, due to its stable physical chemistry properties, quartz has a wide range of uses, such as silica glass, silica ceramics, silicon metal in the semiconductor field, solar cells in the photovoltaic field, silica fiber in the fiber-optic communication field, and so on. These applications have the participation of high-purity quartz. The purification of high-purity quartz is an important field for quartz. However, it is very difficult to further purify quartz into high-purity quartz, or even ultra-high-purity quartz, which the cost will increase accordingly. Nevertheless, high-purity quartz in the field of high-tech applications is more prominent, its value will be greatly enhanced. In this review, by introducing the resources and application distribution of high purity quartz, and comparing with the import and export in the world, it is concluded that quartz has a good future for development; by introducing the types of quartz ores and the characteristics of impurities and combining with the most advanced purification technology at present, a reference is provided for the following improvement of purification technology. In addition, the mechanisms are summarized for different purification techniques to explore the more effective techniques for quartz purification and its potential application prospects are described in the future. In this paper, in order to know the present situation and development prospect of resources, technology and application in quartz, its resource, characteristic, purification, and application are reviewed.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Dynamic particle accumulation on a single wire in transverse field pulsating high gradient magnetic separator

    Hu, ZhichengLiu, JianguoHan, LirenWang, Yuhua...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：High gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) is widely used to separate feebly magnetic materials. A dynamic buildup equation R-4 = Et + 1 has been built to reflect the change of buildup radius with time and predict these realistic separation processes. In recent years, with the successful application of pulsating slurry in HGMS, the original equation has been increasingly reconsidered to investigate the effect of pulsating slurry. This study explores the particle dynamic accumulation law on a single wire in the transverse HGMS configuration with pulsating slurry. The theoretical expression of the variation of accumulation area with time: S-a2(m) = Et + 1 is derived following the particle trajectory equations. The investigated results of a TV camera system indicate that the realistic buildup process in transverse pulsating HGMS satisfies the derived power equation. The power exponent m is approximately independent of particle size, magnetic field strength, and wire diameter, and it has a positive linear correlation with the pulsating frequency. Similar to previous studies, m is equal to 4 when without pulsation. The coefficient E depends on the force acting on the particle and is related to all parameters affecting the acting force and the power exponent m.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Influence of water rate, gas rate, and bed particle size on bed-level and coarse particle flotation performance

    Dankwah, J. B.Asamoah, R. K.Zanin, M.Skinner, W....
    5页
    查看更多>>摘要：This work investigates the effect of superficial water rate, superficial gas rate, and bed particle size on bed-level and coarse particle flotation performance. 5 kg of quartz in three size ranges (- 1180 + 850 mu m, - 850 + 425 mu m, - 425 + 250 mu m) were used to study the effect of bed particle size on bed-level at varying superficial water rates and superficial gas rates. The influence of bed particle size on flotation performance was studied in two stages. One stage maintained constant bed masses, and another maintained constant bed-level, superficial water rate, and superficial gas rate. Results showed that bed-level increases with increasing superficial water rate after a minimum is attained but the rate of increase is limited by increasing bed particle size. Bed level decreases with an increasing superficial gas rate within a stable bed but this rate of decrease is also lowered at relatively coarser bed particle sizes. At constant bed masses, flotation performance tends to be better for the - 425 + 250 mu m bed due to the high range of bed levels that can be attained. However, after adjusting for these parameter differences, we found that there may be an inherent upper bed particle size limit beyond which fluidization is unfeasible.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier