查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdThe mining industry is on the verge of a new era. Mine project planning, mine design and operations, and mine management in relation to the mining of commodities that are demanded across a multitude of industries require new sustainable mining, finance, and organizational structures and strategies. In the new era, the mining industry will be called upon to be the raw material supplier to emerging renewables, electro-mobility, and space sectors. In line with this shift, the breadth and depth of innovation in the mineral industries will also change. Therefore, first and foremost, mining corporations need to develop an innovation strategy. This article examines the ground upon which innovation will be built. First, the structural characteristics of the mining industry that affect innovativeness are analyzed. Then, it is speculated how an innovation strategy and culture can be developed on the basis of these structural characteristics. Finally, the survey results that applied to mining industry professionals about their perceptions and priorities regarding innovation are presented. The survey categorized innovation areas into five categories and three sub-categories and measured whether perception and prioritization of innovation within these categories have kept pace with the direction of the innovation strategy is analyzed.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdThe Ukraine–Russian war and the pandemic have stressed the importance of energy security. Accordingly, this study: (i) develops a new definition of energy security that adopts the understated perspective of oil exporters by assessing the risk faced by Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in managing their oil demand; (ii) provides a new analytical toolkit to assess the cross-market contagion and systemic risk from the exporter's perspective. Coherently, we first construct two oil export portfolios for each GCC countries using historical oil export ‘mirror’ data for five GCC countries between the 2008 and the 2018 (the period includes the oil market turmoil of 2015). The returns of the two portfolios are expressed in both physical terms (the monthly growth of exports) and price terms. Directional volatility spillovers of the oil export portfolios are then measured using the generalised forecast error variance decomposition and the rolling window VAR method. We extend the analysis to check the robustness of the results by using the TVP-VAR model and comparing the results of different rolling schemes. The results show strong pairwise connectedness among the oil export portfolios. The rolling window VAR method reveals that the dynamics of the volatility spillovers of the export growth rate portfolios are more stable than those of the volatility spillovers of the price portfolios. The study contributes to the literature also highlighting that the demand risk management is a crucial tool for energy security, and it helps to address energy policy-making toward national security strategies, taking into account the overlooked oil exporter's point of view.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdThe recent Sino-U.S. trade conflict has made the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) between China and the US on the global market gradually become a hot topic. This paper uses a spillover directional measure to investigate the cross-category spillovers among crude oil and gold markets and policy uncertainties within and between China and the US during the period from 2000 to 2019. To obtain more reliable conclusions, this paper measures both the return and volatility spillover effects in two domains: time and frequency. The results of the empirical indicate that the US is a critical spillover transmitter on average compared with China. The spillover effects based on the time-domain framework show a strong connectedness among EPU and crude oil and gold markets. Moreover, during the intensification of financial turmoil, the interaction among EPU and crude oil and gold markets increased dramatically. With regard to frequency-domain analysis, many of the spillover effects of uncertainty occur in the short-term frequency of 1–3 months.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier LtdThis study adapted a socio-ecological framework to review Drivers of mining Activities, the environmental Pressures, the State of changes, their Impacts on human Welfare, and the management Response as Measures (DAPSI(W)R(M)) to mining activities. Systematic literature review was employed in data collection. The mining activities lead to environmental pressures, such as forest degradation, and wastewater. State changes of the environment as a result of pressures generated by mining activities were changes in land cover and habitat degradation leading to biodiversity loss, air, water and soil pollution. As a result of the state changes in the environment, the livelihood strategies of communities have been affected. Sub-Saharan African countries have implemented legal and policy framework as measures to overcome adverse effects of mining on the social systems. However, there is still a need for effective formulation and implementation of policies, legislation, plans, and strategies for the sustainable mining and rural development. These will be far-reaching in addressing application and mal-practices in mining sector such as corruption, limited meaningful participation of host communities, non-adherence to social and environmental standards, adverse incentives in inadequate local policies and accountability systems, transfer pricing, tax evasion and under-valuation of assets.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022The prime objective of the study was to identify and evaluate options for development and exploitation of a prospective hard coal deposit using a digital geological model and a multi-criteria decision-making approach allowed, in elaborated research process, to identify investment alternatives and outline the one that maximizes the benefits for the potential investor. The developed research methodology was based on decision criteria including: economic, technical, geological, social, and environmental aspects. The combination of the above criteria made it possible to create six options for the development of the deposit named as: 1.2 MAX and 1.2 EKO, 1.5 MAX and 1.5 EKO, and 1.8 MAX and 1.8 EKO. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used as a method to select the optimum investment option. The research process consisted in taking into account the positive and negative impacts of individual exploitation options by building four separate hierarchical models (BOCR analysis), i.e. Benefits (B), Opportunities (O), Costs (C) and Risks (R). Digital geological model of the existing and prospective deposit was a key source of information for AHP assessment process. The structural model of 15 seams of economic importance and a qualitative model of coal quality parameters were elaborated. The structural and quality models were prepared on the basis of lithostratigraphic profiles from 55 surface boreholes, 16 underground boreholes and 250 geological profiles of mine workings in the area of the existing coal deposit. These models constituted input for the assessment of economic efficiency of the above mentioned options. The digital model served as the basis for the creation of access, development and mining work schedules, and the developed simulations of mining exploitation were used to build a model of surface deformation considered as one of the most significant decision-making factor. The result of the work was formulated as a ranking of the analyzed scenarios, indicating the most attractive ones. In this case, and in terms of the adopted AHP methodology, the dynamic strategy scenarios is represented by ‘No additional shafts' scenario, 1.8 EKO, 1.8 MAX and 1.5 EKO scenarios. Their implementation fulfils the policy of sustainable depletion of the reserves of a prospective deposit, while maintaining environmental standards and high economic efficiency. The ‘No additional shafts' scenario represents the idea of rapid decommissioning of the mining industry, while scenarios 1.8 EKO, 1.8 MAX and 1.5 EKO are in turn scenarios of rational resources management allowing for gradual depletion of the deposit reserves in a long-term perspective.
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