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農業機械學刊
中华农业机械协会
農業機械學刊

中华农业机械协会

1019-0430

農業機械學刊/Journal 農業機械學刊
正式出版
收录年代

    STUDY ON MODULARIZED ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CLOSED-TYPE POULTRY HOUSE

    Si-Yun WangSuming ChenChao-Yin TsaiRou-Yan Peng...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：Traditionally, open-type poultry production systems were widely used in Taiwan. However, it might easily cause poultry to mass death due to infectious avian influenza carried by migratory birds. Poultry producers want to strengthen biosafety protection, but they are still facing problems such as labor shortage, aging workforce, and increased costs. Therefore, it is necessary to design an automatic control system for closed-type poultry houses. The developed environmental control system includes a control unit and a sensing unit. The system integrates the human machine interface(HMI) and the wireless sensor module with the programmable logic controller (PLC) to operate the environment control system. It gives the waterfowl a stable environment to grow. The wireless sensor module is optimized with its stability and precision in the observation of livestock environment. The environmental control system of this research was installed at a closed-type poultry house in Yilan. The wireless sensor module was tested and operated for one year to establish weather resistance. The module's effective average transmission rate reached 99.88%, which can stably collect environmental information. It is used as reference factors for environmental controls. According to the breeder experience and the literature review, the environmental control system is controlled under the fan-and-pad system, fogging system and forced ventilation system to study the performance of cooling systems. The environmental control system mode uses composite environmental factors control and intermittent time-set technique by fogging system control. The results of the fan-and-pad system showed that the cooling effect was the best. When the outdoor temperature was 34.1℃ and the relative humidity was 62.0%, referring to Psychrometric Chart, the wet-bulb difference was 6.3℃ and the actual indoor temperature was decreased by 6.0℃. Finally, in response to the management benefits of the poultry house, the designed environmental control system can be remotely monitored. Since the user interface instantly displays environment status, the risk of pollution caused by personnel can be much avoided which leads to a more precise and better systematic control.

    Laying duckEnvironmental control systemWireless sensingModularity

      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    DEVELOPMENT OF A MICRO AERIAL VEHICLE FLYING ROBOT FOR AUTOMATIC POLLINATING

    Kai-Jhong HuangChao-Yin TsaiChieh-Yu LinSuming Chen...
    22页
    查看更多>>摘要：In recent years, the issue of Colony Collapse Disorder has received much attention; besides, pollinating birds and mammals also face the crisis of extinction in the same time. Since pollinators will be prevented from entering greenhouses, artificial pollination or purchase of honey bees would be necessary to conduct the pollination work. Artificial pollination requires high labor force and purchase of honey bees has some limitations. This study developed an automated robotic system for pollination of flowers using a quadcopter equipped with video module and lightweight pollinating device. In the process of pollination, we first used depth camera to locate the flying robot, and guided the robot to target positions by using automatic control algorithm. Flowers were then identified by video module on the robot and it would be guided toward to the top of flower. The location of the flower would then be determined by calculating the regression equation based on the area of the flower and the height of the robot. Finally, the pollination operation could be accomplished by using pollinating device to touch the flower. In the positioning of the flying robot, the RMSE(Root Mean Square Error) values of X, Y and Z-axes were 4.96, 2.97 and 4.29 cm; and the RMSE value of absolute distance was 7.27 cm. The results of positioning indicated that the precision of control could reach an acceptable level. In terms of operation time, it required 24.71 seconds to finish the pollination work from the start of navigation of the flying robot to the contact of the flower. In summary, this study has successfully developed an automatic robotic system for pollination which is able to identify the location of flower and execute the pollination work. In the same time, the required technologies and the architecture of the system are integrated in this study to verify the possibility of the automation of pollination of flowers implemented by flying robots. More future studies are needed to improve location accuracy and pollination speed for applications.

    Robotic pollinatorQuadcopterIndoor positioningAutomatic control

      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    DEVELOPMENT OF A SMART MOBILE VEHICLE USED IN THE ROW SPACE FOR GREENHOUSE CROPS

    Wu-Huan HsuChung-Kee YehYi-Hua LiChun-Jen Chen...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：The purpose of this paper is to develop a track-based smart mobile platform vehicle that assists crop cultivation management operations in the facility. The large-fruit tomato grown on a greenhouse scaffolding was used as the target crop to carry out improved tests on vehicle walking, guidance, and safety avoidance control. The establishment of crop information maps and the planning of operation paths were conducted. The control focuses on the integration and application of communication between the programmable controller (PLC) and the Raspberry Pi system. The image information of the mature tomato is obtained through WEBCAM (Logitech C270), and the real-time coordinate position of the smart vehicle is combined. The number of tomatoes and the labels of the plants can construct a crop information map containing the growth of the tomatoes, and the information can be integrated and uploaded to the cloud server via RS232 connected wireless communication equipment (based on LoRa communication technology). This research has successfully developed a set of smart platform vehicles, and synchronized operations in the tomato greenhouse with hyperspectral sensor modules, thermal image sensor modules, and harvesting robots. This is useful for subsequent sensing and harvesting in the greenhouse. The use of other operations can provide experience with relevant results. The integrated application of this research can be used in the future to integrate the PLC commonly used in greenhouses and the Raspberry Pi components that have been frequently used recently. In the future, there is an opportunity to provide new low-cost control solutions for the fields commonly used in greenhouses controlled by PLC.

    Smart mobile vehicleGreenhouseCrop information mapPath planning

      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    STUDY ON FLYING ROBOT WITH SMART ENVIRONMENT SENSING IN GREENHOUSES

    Ming-Jhe HeChieh-Yu LinKuang-Wen HsiehChao-Yin Tsai...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：Precision agriculture technology has been applied to greenhouse production for some years; however, greenhouse cultivation nowadays usually uses only one or a few sensors to represent the environment information for the entire greenhouse area. Since the quadcopter is easy to control and has high degrees of freedom, it can be equipped with sensors to measure temperature, humidity, lighting information and vegetation indices for precision agriculture practice. In the application of quadcopter in greenhouses, position navigating, path planning and obstacle avoidance are the three major priorities. This research has developed a system to allow a flying robot to measure environmental information in greenhouses, and to establish an indoor positioning system based on ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. Since the obstacles in the greenhouse mostly are fixed structure, the decision-making system was designed to determine the flying robot's cruise path by path planning to achieve the purpose of cruising in the greenhouse. In the fixed-point positioning, the average errors of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Ea (absolute error) are 0.12 m, 0.08 m, and 0.15 m respectively, which are similar to the results under laboratory conditions. It indicates that this indoor UWB positioning system has very good applicability in the greenhouse. In the experiments of the fixed-point flying test above benches in greenhouse, the RMSE (root mean square error) errors of X-axis and Y-axis are 0.12 m and 0.13 m, which are similar to the performance of static fixed-point positioning; while the RMSE of the Z coordinate(height) is 0.05 m, showing the ability of the flying robot to stably fly above benches. This research indicates that the developed flying robot system with UWB position system has a stable flying ability to cruse in greenhouses, to collect the environment and location information in greenhouse, to transmit to cloud database and analysis, and to set up strategies for crop cultivation and environment control in greenhouses.

    GreenhousePrecision agricultureQuadcopterUltra-WidebandAutomatic navigationEnvironmental information detection

      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    ESTABLISHMENT OF A PRECISION IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR CROP CULTIVATION IN GREENHOUSES

    Guo-Shiang HuangChun-Jen ChenWu-Huan HsuChih-Kai Yang...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：This research integrated image recognition and interpretation, irrigation water supply system, and wireless communication equipment, etc. for the establishment of a precision irrigation water supply system for facility crop cultivation. After receiving the image interpretation results, the system can provide appropriate water supply for water-deficient plant areas, and record water supply data, crop weight, and other related history data in the cloud platform for research and analysis, and based on the results to improve the irrigation water supply mode of cultivation management. This research has completed the integration of imaging equipment, positioning device, and fruit harvesting equipment hardware, and the establishment of micro-weather stations inside and outside the facility. And the transmission mechanism between the hardware equipment, writing signal processing programs, and planning and storing platform systems have been established as well. In terms of software development, this research uses Visual Studio software and SQL Server as a program development tool and platform system, and data use Wi-Fi for wireless transmission and communication. Through the basic data form and user interface design, the data transmission between the hardware and the platform, the data query operations of the platform system can be performed. After the system is integrated, it can be used for precise control of the irrigation water supply system of facility crop cultivation and intelligent fruit picking operations.

    Precision cultivationImage interpretationTransmission control protocol

      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    OPTIMIZATION OF THE TEA VACUUM DRYING PROCESS BY USING GREY-TAGUCHI METHOD

    Cheng-Hou ChangSuming ChenChao-Yin Tsai
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：Tea drying is a necessary process of tea manufacturing. Although hot-air is commonly used in most tea drying methods, the vacuum drying has potentials to improve tea quality and efficiency in drying. In this study, the Grey-Taguchi method was used to conduct experiments to decide optimal operating parameters for the tea vacuum dryer. The drying temperature, pressure and rotation speed were used as the control factors, and the three factors and three levels of L9 orthogonal array were used for the tea vacuum drying experiments and analyses. The results show that the Grey-Taguchi method could find the optimal parameters of multiple quality characteristics of tea vacuum drying; and from the ANOVA, the temperature was the most important affecting factor of drying efficiency and quality. The verification experiments were confirmed the optimal parameters by the evaluation of signal to noise ratio (S/N), which the S/N ratio of drying efficiency and drying quality were increased 0.23dB and 0.57dB respectively, and the total efficiency increased 0.02dB, compared to the original parameters. The found optimization parameters could further improve the performance of tea vacuum dryer. Therefore, the Grey-Taguchi method is a feasible method for the study of multiple quality characteristics in tea vacuum drying.

    TeaVacuum dryingTaguchi methodGrey relational analysis

      原文链接:
    • NSTL