首页期刊导航|Environmental and experimental botany
期刊信息/Journal information
Environmental and experimental botany
Pergamon Press,
Environmental and experimental botany

Pergamon Press,

0098-8472

Environmental and experimental botany/Journal Environmental and experimental botanySCIISTP
正式出版
收录年代

    Recent advances in research on halophytes: From fundamental to applied aspects

    Abdelly, ChedlyFlowers, TimGul, BilqueesKoyro, Hans-Werner...
    2页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Manganese accumulation and tissue-level distribution in Australian Macadamia (Proteaceae) species

    Abubakari, FaridaNkrumah, Philip NtiFernando, Denise R.Erskine, Peter D....
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Background and aims: Australian Macadamia species are known for their edible nuts as well as their ability to take up high concentrations of manganese (Mn) into their leaves. However, little is known about the ecophysiology of Mn in species of Macadamia. Methods: This study investigated (i) Mn accumulation in wild Macadamia using handheld X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) of herbarium collections, and (ii) Mn uptake in three out of four known Macadamia species (M. tetraphylla, M. integrifolia and M. ternifolia) in a pot experiment that delivered Mn treatments in both solid (as natural Mn-minerals mixed with quartz sand) and liquid form (as MnSO4 solution added to soil). Tissue samples were analysed for bulk elemental concentrations and for in vivo distribution of Mn and other elements using laboratory mu XRF analysis. Key results: The results revealed that wild M. ternifolia and M. integrifolia are strong Mn accumulators with up to 9600 mu g Mn g(-1) and 8500 mu g Mn g(-1) , respectively, followed by M. jansenii (6400 mu g Mn g(-1)) and M. tetraphylla (5100 mu g Mn g(-1)). Under the controlled conditions, high Mn accumulation was demonstrated for M. integrifolia and M. tetraphylla with greater than 7500 mu g Mn g(-1) in mature leaves in the highest Mn treatment level. Our results further showed that Mn was efficiently translocated from the roots to the shoots with translocation factor >1 in the studied species. The laboratory mu XRF analysis revealed that Mn was absent from the vascular bundles and concentrated in the areas between veins. Conclusions: All the four Macadamia species have high foliar Mn concentrations qualifying them as strong Mn accumulators in nature as determined by handheld XRF analysis of herbarium specimens. Under experimental conditions, M. integrifolia and M. tetraphylla were confirmed to be strong Mn accumulators. Manganese was shown by laboratory mu XRF analysis to be concentrated in the inter-veinal areas of the leaf lamina.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Phosphoproteomic and physiological analysis revealed 6-benzyladenine improved the operation of photosynthetic apparatus in waterlogged summer maize

    Hu, JuanRen, BaizhaoDong, ShutingLiu, Peng...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Summer maize suffers severe yield losses due to waterlogging, threatening food security. Application of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) can modify protein phosphorylation status, and increase plant tolerance to waterlogging. However, little is known regarding the functional roles of 6-BA-mediated phosphorylation events in regulating plant stress tolerance. Therefore, we conducted an experiment involving three treatments (control (CK), waterlogging at the third leaf stage for 6 days (V3-6), and application of 100 mg L-1 6-BA after waterlogging (V3-6-B)) to probe the impact of 6-BA on leaf phosphoproteome of waterlogged summer maize. Our results demonstrated that waterlogging affected the reversible phosphorylation of proteins that participated in chloroplast movement and differentiation as well as photoreaction and carbon fixation processes. However, application of 6-BA significantly mitigated the waterlogging effects on the phosphorylation level of these proteins. Accordingly, the chloroplast ultrastructure and photosynthetic performances of waterlogged summer maize were improved. These results indicated that application of 6-BA mediated extensive phosphorylation events to improve the absorption and dissipation of light energy, the assimilation and metabolism of carbon, and the ultrastructure of chloroplast, thus increasing the photosynthesis rate of waterlogged summer maize. consequently, the plant growth and grain yield of waterlogged summer maize were improved by application of 6-BA.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal association boosted the arsenic resistance in crops with special responsiveness to rice plant

    Mitra, DebasisSaritha, BoyaJaneeshma, EdappayilGusain, Poonam...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：Arsenic (As) is a potentially toxic metalloid classified as a group 1 carcinogen, released in the soil environment because of natural as well as different anthropogenic activities. The presence of excess As content in soil and irrigation water enhances the As accumulation in rice grains. Millions of people who consume these contaminated grains are exposed to severe health issues. Increased arsenic uptake causes oxidative stress in plants, which combats by inducing the expression of several genes and signaling the biosynthesis of various antioxidants and phytochelatins. As toxicity reduces crop productivity, so it's critical to improve plant growth in As-contaminated environments while minimizing metal translocation to grains. Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) is considered a sustainable way to tolerate As toxicity. Organic pollutants metabolism by AMF, degradation of these soil contaminants by AMF exudation enzymes, and elimination of the pollutants by plant uptake and accumulation are the principal mechanisms of AMF mediated bioremediation. However, plant responses are established to vary with the host plant and the species of AMF. In our review, we showed that understanding the community composition, diversity, and gene regulation of AMF in the rice ecosystem played a critical role in maximizing As uptake and their potential in sustainable rice and other crops production. It has been reviewed that AMF has the potential to survive in an extremely As toxic condition and it potentially aids to improve the tolerance level of host plants.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Halophytes have potential as heavy metal phytoremediators: A comprehensive review

    Caparros, Pedro GarciaOzturk, MunirGul, AlvinaBatool, Tuba Sharf...
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：Halophytes are widely distributed worldwide and thrive in a wide range of environments such as coastal salt marshes, dunes, saline depressions, and inland deserts. They are also able to cope with heavy metal stress due to their developed morphological and physiological traits such as restricted entry of heavy metals through the root system, synthesis and storage of osmolytes such as proline, and intracellular complexation/chelation/compartmentalization of metal ions. Heavy metal-polluted areas result in yield losses of crops, higher environmental risks for the population, and a severe reduction in biodiversity of these areas. This review highlights studies on the heavy metal phytoremediation capacity of halophytic species from different plant families. An attempt has been made to include the pertinent information regarding heavy metal phytoremediation together with the most important characteristics of halophytes, followed by information on different studies conducted under controlled conditions or in natural environments related to heavy metal phytoremediation of different halophyte taxa from different families. The most promising species have been classified as phytoextractors or phytostabilizers together with recommendations for future research prospects in this topic.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Importance of hydrogen sulfide as the molecular basis of heterosis in hybrid Brassica napus: A case study in salinity response

    Cheng, PengfeiZhang, YihuaWang, JunPu, Huiming...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Heterosis or hybrid vigor is a phenomenon that a heterozygote is superior to two parental lines in one or more traits, or even responses against stresses. However, related molecular mechanism is still not fully elucidated. In this paper, we investigated whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a universal signaling molecule in both mammals and plants, participates in heterosis. When upon salinity stress, two parents of Brassica napus (NJ4375 and MB1894) were more sensitive to salinity compared to the hybrid (F1, NJ4375xMB1894), evaluated by the improving effects on the reduction in shoot length, root length, fresh weight of root parts, and chlorophyll content. It was further observed that the increased endogenous H2S synthesis was more pronounced in the hybrid than those of two parental lines when stressed with salinity, suggesting the important roles of endogenous H2S. The removal of endogenous H2S by its biosynthesis inhibitor (PAG) and scavenger (HT) could differentially abolish the salinity tolerance observed in the hybrid. Subsequent experiments showed that the hybrid could maintain ion homeostasis by regulating the sodium and potassium transporters, which was confirmed by modulating NHX1, SOS2, AKT1 and HAK5 transcripts. Proline content was also significantly increased and lipid peroxidation was obviously alleviated in the hybrid plants compared to those in both NJ4375 and MB1894. Above responses in hybrid were sensitive to the inhibition of endogenous H2S synthesis or its scavenging. Overall, our results clearly provided the evidence that salt-tolerant heterosis of hybrid might be closely associated with endogenous H2S signaling.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Strigolactones affect the root system architecture of cherry rootstock by mediating hormone signaling pathways

    Jiu, SongtaoXu, YanXie, XingnanWang, Jiyuan...
    17页
    查看更多>>摘要：Strigolactones (SLs) are new phytohormones that modulate plant root growth and development. Rootstocks affect horticulturally important traits of cultivars, including tree size, abiotic stress tolerance, and disease resistance. This study focused on understanding the effects of SLs on the transcriptional regulation and root system architecture of cherry rootstock. Here, we examined the morphology and profiled endogenous hormone levels, and transcript levels of key genes from the roots treated with synthetic SLs analog GR24 or SLs inhibitor TIS108. Cherry rootstock plantlets treated with 10 mu M TIS108 exhibited fewer adventitious roots (AR). The diameter of AR at 5, 10, and 30 days after 0.1 mu M GR24 treatment decreased by 23.8, 23.2, and 11.5 %, respectively, whereas AR diameter was 1.15, 1.15, and 1.16 times higher than that in the control when 10 mu M TIS108 was applied, respectively. The LR number in plantlets treated with 10 mu M TIS108 reached a maximum of 11.25 for each AR, much higher than those of the control and other treatments at 30 days after treatment (DAT). X-ray micro-CT scanning also showed that the treatment with 10 mu M TIS108 markedly induced LR initiation but suppressed LR elongation. Furthermore, 2946, 1536, and 2146 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; p-value < 0.05, vertical bar log(2)Fold Change vertical bar > 1) were identified in the root samples treated with 0.1 mu M GR24, 10 mu M GR24, and 10 mu M TIS108, respectively, compared to the control. RNA-Seq findings highlighted several DEGs, such as ARF, PP2C, ERF, LOB, and CYC, which play critical roles in hormone signaling, cell cycle, and root growth and development. UPLC-MS analysis further demonstrated that SLs markedly altered the levels of endogenous hormones in cherry rootstock. In particular, the content of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) markedly increased by 64.6, 52.1, and 173.5 % after treatment with 0.1 mu M GR24, 10 mu M GR24, and 10 mu M TIS108, respectively. Overall, our study indicates that SLs affect mot system architecture by interacting with other plant hormones, which provides a solid theoretical basis for the effects of SLs on the root system architecture of other woody plants.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier