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Environmental and experimental botany
Pergamon Press,
Environmental and experimental botany

Pergamon Press,

0098-8472

Environmental and experimental botany/Journal Environmental and experimental botanySCIISTP
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    Functional characterization of transcription factor WIN1 genes associated with lipid biosynthesis and stress tolerance in soybean (Glycine max)

    Cai, GuipingLiu, BaolingZhou, YaliGao, Huiling...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Transcription factor WAX INDUCER1 (WIN1) plays an important role in wax and cutin biosynthesis in plants. In this study, six GmWIN1 genes were identified from soybean (Glycine max), with GmWIN1-5 having high expression in flowers and seeds, particularly under cold stress. GmWIN1-5 ' s functions in lipid/oil biosynthesis and stress tolerance were characterized by its overexpression in soybean hairy roots and tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) plants. Under cold stress, GmWIN1-5 overexpression (GmWIN1-5-OE) resulted in large oil enhancement and high level of phospholipids involved in cell membranes formation. Malondialdehyde content and elcetronlyte leakage in GmWIN1-5-OE plants was smaller than that in the wild-type control under cold stress, indicating that GmWIN1-5 promote plant stress tolerance. Moreover, GmWIN1-5-OE also led to upregulated expression of numerous genes involved in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and triacylglycerol (TAG) production, including genes encoding phospholipase D (PLD), biotin carboxyl carrier protein 1 (BCCP1), lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase 5 (LPAT5), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2). GmWIN1-5 directly bound to the promoter region of PLD gene. Overall, the results revealed that GmWIN1-5 can upregulate the biosynthesis and accumulation of lipids/oils, especially unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids benefiting membrane integrity, and ultimately confer plants with high stress tolerance.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Maize associated bacterial microbiome linked mitigation of heavy metal stress: A multidimensional detoxification approach

    Rizvi, AsfaAhmed, BilalKhan, Mohd SaghirRajput, Vishnu D....
    21页
    查看更多>>摘要：The indiscriminate discharge and consequent accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) from various anthropogenic sources into the environment is a major global concern for food security and human health. Since HMs are nondegradable, they persist in soils, and above threshold levels alter the soil-plant systems. Following accumulation in soils and uptake by maize plants, HMs either alone or in synergism modify the composition and physiological activity of root-associated bacterial microbiome, soil nutrient pool, metabolism of maize plants, and pose risks to living organisms via the food chain. To solve HMs issues, the root-associated microbiome (rhizobiome) with high metal tolerating ability has been identified and applied for enhancing maize yield in contaminated soils; though reports on the use of metal tolerant rhizobiome in maize cultivation are limited. Recognizing the importance of maize as a food/feed crop and the lack of information on metal-induced phytotoxicity and its abatement strategies, this review attempts to provide the latest information on the importance of the metal tolerant microbiome in stress alleviation and crop nutrition and yield optimization/stability of maize in changing metal-enriched agro-ecosystems. In addition to the ameliorative roles of microbiome and plants in counteracting the stress, the distinct advances made in the metal tolerant rhizobiome-maize interactions are discussed, including the strategies and mechanisms adopted by biosensor microbiomes to accelerate maize-metal tolerance and growth. This review further explains the translocation, internalization, and distribution of metals in different maize organs. The impact of several metal tolerant biological enhancers as one of the incredibly attractive and highly promising technology to clean up metals and their importance in maize nutrition and crop production are highlighted. The simultaneous metal detoxification and bio-enhancing activity of the metal tolerant microbiome provides a better option for optimizing maize production in contaminated open field conditions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome provides insights into the underlying mechanism of cold stress response and recovery in two tobacco cultivars

    Hu, ZhengrongYan, WeijieYang, ChenkaiHuang, Xuebing...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Low temperature is one of major environmental factors limiting the growth, quality and yield of tobacco. However, the molecular mechanism of tobacco cold response remains largely unknown. Here, integrated biochemical, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were carried out on tobacco leaves of cold-tolerant cultivar Xiangyan7 and cold-sensitive cultivar Taiyan8 under short- /long-term cold stress and recovery. Physiological and biochemical results showed that Taiyan8 was sensitive while Xiangyan7 was insensitive to cold stress. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis revealed several key pathways in tobacco response to cold, including flavonoid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, zeatin biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism; two important pathways in the recovery, namely glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis. The two cultivars had similar mechanisms in response to longterm cold stress. Whereas, more enriched pathways were identified in Taiyan8 under short-term stress, and the specifically enriched pathways were mainly involved in amino acid metabolism. By analyzing the metabolites involved in these pathways, a total of 26 key metabolites were screened out. These metabolites contents and biochemical indicator values were used as trait data for correlation analysis with gene expression modules, and 5 highly correlated modules were found. Within these modules, we identified 12 key candidate genes weighted as module hub genes, which involved ATPases, chlorophyll A-B binding protein, S-adenosine methionine decarboxylase, chalcone and stilbene synthases, UDP-glucosyltransferases, alcohol dehydrogenase, abhydrolase, proteins with ankyrin-repeat domains. The expression profiles of these genes further verified their involvement in tobacco cold response and recovery. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory networks of tobacco response to cold stress.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Oxidative stress impedes recovery of canola (Brassica napus) plants from waterlogging by inhibiting aquaporin-mediated root water transport

    Liu, MengmengZwiazek, Janusz J.
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：We exposed hydroponically grown canola plants for three days to root hypoxia (waterlogging) followed by reaeration. Hypoxia decreased root hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) and the apoplastic contribution to water transport, which impacted gas exchange and plant water relations. However, the most severe reduction of Lpr was one day following re-aeration and it was accompanied by an increase in the contribution of apoplast to water flow. After one day of re-aeration, a sharp increase in ROS in roots was measured together with a decrease in transcript abundance of most BnPIP2 aquaporins in roots and leaves. A water permeability assay of these BnPIP2s heterologously expressed in yeast confirmed that they are fast water transporters. All yeast strains displayed decreased water permeability with increased concentrations of applied H2O2 and exogenous application of H2O2 to plant roots resulted in a decrease of Lpr. The yeast H2O2 survival assay demonstrated that BnPIP1;2 and BnPIP1;3 facilitate H2O2 transport and, therefore, the increase in gene expression of these aquaporins during re-aeration likely contributed to plant waterlogging recovery. A gradual recovery of Lpr following re-aeration was accompanied by up-regulation of BnPIPs in roots and leaves and the activation of antioxidant enzymes in roots. Net photosynthesis, transpiration rates, and shoot water contents remained depressed one day after re-aeration but recovered over time. Collectively, the results demonstrate that oxidative burst had a decisive impact on modulating the hydraulic recovery of plants upon re-aeration. Since plant injury from root hypoxia involved both the hypoxic event and the ROS burst that occurred soon after root aeration, the ability of plants to recover from waterlogging was partly determined by their ability to handle oxidative stress.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Unequal nitrogen translocation pattern caused by clonal integration between connected ramets ensures necessary nitrogen supply for young Moso bamboo growth

    Shi, ManZhang, JunboSun, JileiLi, Quan...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：The rapid growth of young Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), a giant woody clonal plant, depends on consistent nutrient supply through clonal integration. However, the effects of clonal integration on nutrient translocation and allocation in Moso bamboo remain unclear. We established an in situ study model unit consisting of a young bamboo ramet, a mature bamboo ramet, and an interconnected rhizome to study nitrogen (N) translocation and allocation using the N-15 isotope labeling method. The results showed N-15 translocation was bidirectional between interconnected Moso bamboo ramets; however, more N-15 was translocated from the mature to the young ramet than vice versa in winter. The N translocation rate within the donor ramet was faster when the young was donor ramet, and N translocation rate from the donor to the recipient ramet was faster when young bamboo was the recipient ramet. Demand-driven source-sink relationships between connected ramets determined the net flow direction and speed of N translocation. Therefore, an "unequal N translocation pattern between the young and connected mature ramets " was proposed, in which N was preferentially translocated from the mature to the young ramet to meet its growth demand in winter. Our findings provide new insights into the underlying mechanism of Moso bamboo growth and N clonal integration network in Moso bamboo forests and could serve as a guide for precision fertilization in forest management.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier