查看更多>>摘要：Our paper emphasizes the importance of the kitchen layout in facilitating consumers' food hygiene practices. A significant correlation was found between the sink placement (inside or outside the kitchen) and hygienic practices during food handling based on a survey performed on consumers from ten European countries, indicating that those who had the sink in the kitchen were more likely to perform proper hygiene practices than those who have not. The self-reported practices were supported by observed practices in 64 households from five European countries. The observational study combined with the examination of kitchen layouts revealed that the kitchen work triangle with its apexes represented by the kitchen sink, cooking stove and refrigerator, which is recommended for ergonomic reasons by architects and designers, did not necessarily support food hygiene practices in kitchens. Cross-contamination events were associated with the sink - countertop distances longer than 1 m. Based on this, a new kitchen triangle with its apexes represented by the kitchen sink, working place (usually countertop) and cooking stove, with the distance between the sink and the working place less than 1 m is proposed to be used as norm in kitchen designs for combining ergonomics with safety. This triangle is proposedly named the food safety triangle and is aimed to mitigate the risks of foodborne illnesses by creating an arrangement that facilitates hygiene practices. This study is the first to highlight the importance of implementing the concept of food safety in the kitchen design based on significant correlations between kitchen equipment placement and consumers' food safety practices.
查看更多>>摘要：The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) and chemometrics for quantifying deoxynivalenol (DON) in individual wheat kernels. In total, 120 wheat kernels of severely damaged kernels, moderately damaged kernels and asymptomatic kernels (SDKs, MDKs and AKs, respectively) were collected, and the DON content in the individual wheat kernels was analyzed by HPLC-MS/ MS. Partial least squares (PLS), support vector machine (SVM) and local PLS based on global PLS scores (LPLS-S) algorithms were employed for building quantification models of DON. The results showed that SDKs and MDKs might contain low or no DON, while AKs could have a high DON content. Comparing the three modeling strategies, LPLS-S using mixed spectra achieved the best performance for kernels with RMSEP of 40.25 mg/kg and RPD of 2.24, which confirmed that NIR-HSI could be a feasible method for monitoring DON in individual kernels and removing highly contaminated kernels prior to food chain entry.
Trigo, MarcosNozal, PedroMiranda, Jose M.Aubourg, Santiago P....
7页
查看更多>>摘要：Lyophilized alga Fucus spiralis powder was incorporated into a gelatin-based film and employed as a packaging system for mackerel (Scomber scombrus) muscle portions throughout a 9-day refrigerated storage period at 4 degrees C. In global terms, a progressive loss of quality could be observed in fish muscle with increasing storage time. Comparisons between batches allowed us to conclude an inhibitory effect of F. spiralis-containing films on microbial activity (assessment of aerobes, psychrotrophs, and proteolytic bacteria) and on lipid hydrolysis (as determined by free fatty acid formation) in mackerel muscle. The presence of the lyophilized macroalga in the packaging film also led to a higher retention of primary (peroxides) and secondary (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) lipid oxidation compounds, while the formation of fluorescent compounds (interaction compounds between lipid oxidation compounds and nucleophilic molecules present in the fish muscle) decreased. Both antimicrobial and antioxidant effects were more intense when the concentration of alga in the packaging film was increased. The preservative effect resulting from the presence of F. spiralis in gelatin-based films demonstrates the potential employment of such bioactive films to improve the retention of fish quality and enhance its commercial value.
查看更多>>摘要：The relationship between the quality attributes and the ultrasound parameters of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) soft-bodied cheeses from "Torta del Casar" and "Queso de la Serena" was studied. Cheese samples were taken from six different dairy industries (three for each PDO) in two different seasons. Ultrasound parameters related to velocity, attenuation and frequency were calculated and correlated with the physico-chemical, microbiological, rheological and sensorial properties of the cheeses. Several ultrasonic parameters showed a high correlation with changes in the physico-chemical, textural and sensorial properties of this product, which were partially associated with microbial activity. Among these, stand out the negative correlation of the sensorial descriptor "firmness" with bulk modulus (kappa). The predictive models achieved by the multivariate linear regression method (MLR) showed the highest correlation coefficients for firmness by texture compression analysis (TCA) and the sensory descriptor "intensity", including as the explanatory variables for both models, fast Fourier transform (FFT) frequencies and attenuation parameters. This work highlights the on-line capability of ultrasound for non-destructive quality assessment of this traditional and heterogeneous soft cheese based on the predictive potential of several secondary ultrasonic parameters.
Gomes, AndresaCosta, Ana Leticia RodriguesRodrigues, Pamela DiasSoares de Castro, Ruann Janser...
10页
查看更多>>摘要：Ultrasound performance at low energy densities (9-86 J/mL) on the quality attributes of freshly squeezed orange juice was compared to heat treatment (90 degrees C/1 min). Mild sonoprocessing improved orange juice's kinetic stability preserving its ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content. The ultrasound energy densities could not promote the inactivation of pectin methylesterase (PME) in the orange juice samples. However, higher energy densities contributed to their cloud stability along cold storage. In contrast, the heat processing inactivated 96.3% of PME, but thermally treated samples lost their cloudiness and had their ascorbic acid content reduced by 7%. Cloud stabilization after sonoprocessing was mainly attributed to acoustic cavitation performance to modulate particle size distribution. Ultrasound processing is a promising technique to solve one of the main technological issues of the freshly squeezed orange juice. However, mild sonoprocessing must be combined with other innovative nonthermal technologies to provide a safe and high-quality orange juice.
查看更多>>摘要：An automated multi-plug filtration cleanup (m-PFC) method, based on QuEChERS extraction was developed for the analysis of 48 pesticides in green tea. The carboxyl functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTsCOOH) were firstly packed in m-PFC columns and functioned as promising sorbents with better clean-up capability. The different parameters of automated m-PFC equipment and extraction conditions were optimized. The automated method integrated cleanup and filtration (through filter membrane) procedure into a single run before injected to the detection instrument. Comparison to d-SPE and manual m-PFC method, the automated method could handle a batch of samples simultaneously with better purification effect. Acceptable recoveries at three concentration levels from 71% to 114% were obtained (except carbendazim and bifenazate) with relative standard deviations lower than 18%. The proposed automated m-PFC method offered a great compromise between rapidity, convenience and efficiency. It was successfully applied for market monitoring of pesticide residues with robust analyze data.
查看更多>>摘要：Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a non-destructive analytical tool that can be used for sensing multiple quality attributes for fresh commodities, but is usually constrained by complex data processing. Here, we report the development of HSI based simple kinetic models to assess quality deterioration in A. bisporus mushrooms. The commercially available fresh mushroom packages kept at constant refrigeration temperature (4 degrees C) were selected for HSI analysis in the visible and near infrared (VNIR) wavelengths (400-1000 nm) for a postharvest storage of 11 d. The observed HSI reflectance patterns clearly showed two sensitive wavelength regions: i) 450-700 nm and ii) 800-900 nm, which were termed as HSI index-I and HSI index-II, respectively. Alongside this, physicochemical and microbiological characterization of mushrooms were carried out and were related to HSI quality indices. The kinetic analysis showed that the HSI index-I is a useful quality indicator for the assessment of storage time for A. bisporus mushrooms. Furthermore, the physical quality attributes such as color and texture, which were changed significantly (p < 0.05) during the storage were linked to HSI index-I through linear regression models. The data processing approach presented in this study is quite useful that will facilitate the application of HSI in quality assessments of fresh commodities.
查看更多>>摘要：Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is an important foodborne pathogen, which is frequently associated with seafood consumption and commonly causes gastroenteritis. The biofilm formed by V. parahaemolyticus in the food production chain poses a continuous threat to food safety, therefore effective antibiofilm strategy is in urgent need. Sodium butyrate is widely used in food, feed, cosmetics and other industries, and could be used as a flavoring agent in food as well as a dietary supplement for health. This study aims to examine the antibiofilm effect of sodium butyrate against V. parahaemolyticus. We found that sodium butyrate could inhibit biofilm formation at subinhibitory concentrations (SICs). Microscopic images coupled with extracellular polysaccharide quantification showed that V. parahaemolyticus biofilm was loosely structured with fewer biofilm constituents when treated with sodium butyrate. XTT reduction assay illustrated that sodium butyrate interfered with the metabolic activity of cells encased inside biofilm and decreased their viability. Sodium butyrate decreased the motility and surface hydrophobicity of V. parahaemolyticus, and interfered with quorum sensing by using two reporter strains. The RT-qPCR analysis revealed that sodium butyrate down-regulated genes associated with biofilm formation. These findings suggest that sodium butyrate has the potential to be developed as a potent agent against V. parahaemolyticus biofilm in food industries.
查看更多>>摘要：It is necessary to solve the problem of food corruption and oxidation to improve food quality. Peptides are a good candidate to solve the above problems. In this paper, a machine learning method was used to construct an antioxidant peptide classification model based on the pseudo-amino acid composition and motifs of peptides as input features. The AUC of PseAAC-dipeptide-motif hybrid model is 0.939 and the average precision score is 0.947, which is the best among all models in this paper. Besides, the classification threshold has been increased to make the model precision above 0.95. Then, the model was used as predictor to discover potential antioxidant peptides from a random peptide dataset. According to the predicted results, 5 potential antioxidant peptides (PSGK, LKPQ, GRP, QCQ, QGM) were synthesized to determine their DPPH radical-scavenging activity and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). The experimental results show that QCQ has strong antioxidant properties, its T-AOC value is 9.59U/mg prot, and the DPPH scavenging activity is 95.52% at concentration of 125 mu g/mL. Meantime, the predictor can be used to mine multifunctional peptides with antioxidant function. In general, the predictor is an effective tool for discovering peptides with antioxidant function.
查看更多>>摘要：The applicability of real-time PCR to highly processed cocoa-derived products for authentication purposes depends on the possibility of extracting high quality DNA and developing efficient PCR tests. This study compares three methods for DNA extraction from cocoa-derived products and chocolate. The best method providing suitable DNA for PCR amplification was the classical CTAB method. Seven real-time PCR tests for cocoa detection were designed based on low (nuclear) and high-copy (ribosomal and chloroplast) DNA targets. Two methods, one based on a nuclear target (vicilin-li PCR test) and a second one based on chloroplast DNA (lipids PCR test), successfully passed the performance criteria considering the specificity, sensitivity, efficiency of amplification, robustness and applicability in processed cocoa-derived products and chocolate. Therefore, this methodology is useful for cocoa authentication purposes and constitutes a first step in the direction of a future distinction between fine and bulk genotypes with an easy, fast and cost-effective methodology.
NSTL
Elsevier