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Food Control
Elsevier Science Ltd.
Food Control

Elsevier Science Ltd.

0956-7135

Food Control/Journal Food ControlSCIISTP
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    Insights into the mode of action of 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl isothiocyanate on Aspergillus niger

    Wu, Tian-LinHu, Yong-MeiSun, YuZhang, Zhi-Jun...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Isothiocyanates had attracted attention for many years due to their antimicrobial properties. In this study, the antifungal efficiency of eighteen isothiocyanate compounds were evaluated against six plant pathogenic fungi and two molds in vitro. Among them, 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl isothiocyanate displayed the highest antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (EC50 = 4.19 mu g/mL). The further studies of its mode of action showed that it may damage the cell morphology and membrane integrity in a dose dependent manner by morphological observation, propyl iodide staining and the release of cellular contents. On the other hand, the decrease of related enzyme activities in tricarboxylic acid cycle suggested that 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl isothiocyanate may effected energy metabolism. Besides, reactive oxygen species, the content of malondialdehyde, the total anti-oxidant capacity, the content of glutathione and the kinase of oxidative reactive were changed in fungi treated with 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl isothiocyanate, compared with those in untreated fungi, which all indicated that 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl isothiocyanate exhibited antifungal activity against A.niger by inducing oxidative stress.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Analysis of 20 year data for the assessment of dietary exposure to chemical contaminants in the region of Thessaly, Greece

    Malissiova, E.Soultani, G.Kogia, P.Koureas, M....
    19页
    查看更多>>摘要：Food safety is a key issue for the modern consumer who is often exposed through diet to a variety of hazardous agents. The presence of chemical contaminants in food is an important risk factor with potential serious consequences in consumer's health. Therefore, assessing the extend of consumer's exposure to chemical contaminants is an important parameter in the context of food hazard analysis. Dietary exposure is determined by correlating the eating habits of a population group with the levels of contaminants in food. The purpose of this study was to assess the dietary exposure of the general population to a variety of chemical contaminants by combining questionnaire-based food consumption data with concentration of certain chemicals in foodstuffs. In a sample of 403 people living in Thessaly, their nutritional habits were recorded using the Nutrition Frequency Questionnaire, through a telephone interview. Regarding the data collection on the residues of various chemical pollutants (toxic metals, mycotoxins, biotoxins, dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, veterinary drugs) in foodstuffs of the Greek market, studies and reports from 2000 to 2020 were used. The combination of the daily consumption of food and beverages, with their contamination concentrations in chemical pollutants, led to the assessment of the dietary intake of chemical pollutants. The analysis of the results showed that the examined sample maintains several elements of the Mediterranean diet, such as the daily consumption of fruits, vegetables, milk and dairy products. Chemical contaminants in food produced/marketed in Greece were generally below the acceptable limits, while cereals, fish, fruit, vegetables and alcohol seem to contribute mostly to the human chemical exposure. Gender and age affected the overall dietary intake of pollutants, with women presenting the highest overall nutritional exposure compared to men in all categories of pollutants. Elderly individuals (ages +65) showed a higher, in general, intake of the contaminants evaluated. This study reveals the necessity for monitoring the levels of various chemical contaminants in all food groups, in order to have a valid base of assessing the risk of human exposure.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Quantitative assessment of furosine, furfurals, and advanced glycation end products in different types of commercially available cheeses

    Li, MingyuLu, JingnanHuang, YoushengWang, Wenjing...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Maillard reaction products of different types of commercially available cheeses. Cheeses are the commonly consumed dairy products characterized by their many different flavors, textures and aromas. Pasteurization, fermentation and ripening are the key steps of cheese manufacturing, which might lead to the formation of some harmful products. In this study, furosine, furfurals, two "representative " advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were analyzed by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The content of furosine in cheeses were the highest, followed by AGEs, while levels of furfurals were relatively low. The contents of these Maillard reaction products in hard and semi-hard cheeses were significantly higher than those in soft and semi-soft cheeses. Finally, the correlation between proximate composition and Maillard reaction products was further analyzed.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A quinoprotein dehydrogenase from Pelagibacterium halotolerans ANSP101 oxidizes deoxynivalenol to 3-keto-deoxynivalenol

    Qin, XiaojuanZhang, JingLiu, YanrongGuo, Yongpeng...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Deoxynivalenol (DON), a notorious mycotoxin commonly present in cereal grains, poses severe health risks to human and livestock. A quinoprotein from Pelagibacterium halotolerans ANSP101, named deoxynivalenol dehy-drogenase (DDH), was identified by comparative genome analysis of P. halotolerans ANSP101, Devosia mutan 17- 2-E-8 and Devosia strain IFO13580. DDH was responsible for oxidation of DON into 3-keto-DON with hydrogen acceptor phenazine methosulfate (PMS) or dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP). DDH had two catalytic amino acid residues (Ser478, Glu480), and 57.55% sequence identity with quinoprotein dehydrogenases DepA from Devosia sp. 17-2-E-8 and QDDH from Devosia sp. D6-9 by sequence alignment. The Met516 of DDH was changed to Glu516 by site-specific mutagenesis, and the new mutant was designated as TDDH. The mutant TDDH pos-sessing catalytic triplet SEE (Ser478, Glu480, Glu516) could degrade DON to 3-keto-DON with pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) as hydrogen acceptor besides PMS and DCPIP. Importantly, the mutant TDDH exhibited stronger degradation ability for DON in the presence of the same hydrogen acceptor compared with wild DDH. The mutant TDDH had an effect on degrading DON with PQQ at a wide range of pH (6.0-11.0) and temperatures (20-45 degrees C). The results provide potential use of TDDH as a detoxification agent to mitigate DON hazard on human and animals applied in food and feed.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Isotopic signatures and patterns of volatile compounds for discrimination of genuine lemon, genuine lime and adulterated lime juices

    Jahani, Rezavan Ruth, SaskiaYazdanpanah, HassanFaizi, Mehrdad...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Isotopic signatures and patterns of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a useful set of markers for the authenticity assessment of fruit juices. In the present study, the carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes and VOCs fingerprinting of 16 genuine lemon and 16 genuine lime juices as well as 28 citric acid-adulterated lime juices were investigated to discriminate them and reveal the underlying mechanism for their differences. Samples were subjected to isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and proton transfer reaction time of flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS). Following delta C-13 and delta N-15 analysis, no significant difference between genuine lemon (delta C-13:-24.50 +/- 1.29; delta N-15: 5.40 +/-& nbsp;2.06) and genuine lime juices (delta C-13:-25.17 +/- 0.7; 815N: 5.30 +/- 0.97) was observed due to the same photosynthetic pathway (C3 photosynthetic pathway) of lemon and lime trees. However, Adulterated lime juice samples had higher delta C-13 values (-14.99 +/- 2.79) and lower delta N-15 (1.23 +/- 2.36) values compared to the genuine lemon and genuine lime juices which could be related to the added exogenous commercially available citric acid manufactured by fermenting sugars that follow the C4 photosynthetic pathway. Besides, a positive correlation (r(2) = 0.941) between citric acid to iso-citric acid ratios and 813C values was found in the adulterated samples. No significant difference was observed in the total concentration of VOCs among the analyzed samples. However, for all samples, ions m/z 81 and 137 had the highest concentrations. Exploratory VOC pattern analysis by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed the clustering of samples in different groups according to their nature. Besides, extremely adulterated samples were well distinguished from slightly adulterated samples following HCA analysis. The current study provided empirical evidence on the capability of IRMS and PTR-ToF-MS in the discrimination of lemon juice, lime juice, and adulterated lime juices. However, further investigation is required to confirm the promising results of this study.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Automated food safety early warning system in the dairy supply chain using machine learning

    Liu, NingjingBouzembrak, YamineVan den Bulk, Leonieke M.Gavai, Anand...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Traditionally, early warning systems for food safety are based on monitoring targeted food safety hazards. Optimal early warning systems, however, should identify signals that precede the development of a food safety risk. Moreover, such signals could be identified in factors from domains adjacent to the food supply chain, socalled drivers of change and other indicators. In this study, we show for the first time that such drivers and indicators may indeed represent signals that precede the detection of a food safety risk. The dairy supply chain in Europe was used as an application case. Using dynamic unsupervised anomaly detection models, anomalies were detected in indicator data expected by domain experts to impact the development of food safety risks in milk.Additionally, a Bayesian network was used to identify the chemical food safety hazards in milk associated with an anomaly for the Netherlands.The results showed that the frequency of anomalies varied per country and indicator. However, all countries showed in the period investigated (2008-2019), anomalies in the indicators "raw milk price" and "barely milk price" and no anomalies in the indicator" income of dairy farms". A cross-correlation analysis of the number of Rapid Alert for Food and Feed (RASFF) notifications and anomalies in indicators revealed significant correlations of many indicators but difference between countries was observed. Interesting, for all countries the cross corelation with indicator "milk price" was significant, albeit the lag time varied from 5 months (United Kingdom) to 22 months (Italy).This finding suggests that severe changes in domains adjacent to the food supply chain may trigger the development of food safety problems that become visible many months later. Awareness of such relationships will provide the opportunity for food producers or inspectors to take timely measures to prevent food safety problems.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Antibacterial properties of cinnamic and ferulic acids incorporated to starch and PLA monolayer and multilayer films

    Ordonez, RamonAtares, LorenaChiralt, Amparo
    5页
    查看更多>>摘要：Ferulic (F) and cinnamic (C) acids have shown great potential as antimicrobial additives in the development of active food packaging based on biodegradable polymers. However, previous studies on thermo-processed (TP) PLA matrices with 1 or 2%w/w of these compounds found no microbial growth inhibition due to their limited release. In this study, 2 or 3% of F and C were incorporated into starch and PLA films, using several strategies to promote their release from PLA, in order to obtain effective antimicrobial activity against E. coli or L. innocua. TP starch films with F or C presented antimicrobial capacity, C being more effective than F for both bacteria and L. innocua being more sensitive to both acids. However, PLA films obtained by three different techniques: TP, thermo-processing with the addition of plasticiser (TPP), and solvent casting did not exhibit antibacterial action. The incorporation of ferulic acid methyl ester into PLA films did not improve the anti-microbial effect, which suggested that the release limitation may not be related to chemical interactions with the end chain hydroxyl of PLA. Three-layer PLA as-semblies, with an internal starch film loaded with F or C, were tested using TP-PLA, TPP-PLA, or cast-PLA films as contact layer. Diffusion of F and C through the PLA layer was highly hindered, regardless of the film preparation method. Therefore, no significant bacterial growth inhibition was observed for the three-layered films. The reduced molecular mobility in the PLA matrix was the limiting factor for the compound release and subsequent antimicrobial effect.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The use of in-situ Raman spectroscopy to monitor at real time the quality of different types of edible oils under frying conditions

    Castro, Rafael C.Ribeiro, David S. M.Santos, Joao L. M.Pascoa, Ricardo N. M. J....
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：When edible oils are exposed to high temperatures, this leads to several chemical changes. Therefore, it is important to have an analytical method (rapid, reliable, multi-parametric, cost-effective and environmentally friendly) capable of monitoring the quality of edible oils at real time. In this sense, the herein presented work focused on the application of Raman spectroscopy for in situ and real-time monitoring of the quality of four different edible oils (vegetable, corn, peanut and sunflower oil) during a 16-h heating at 180 ?. The quality of the edible oils was assessed through the determination of the peroxide and acid values and total polar compounds (TPC). A total of 68 samples were assessed (17 samples for each edible oil type) and the collected analytical data were processed by means of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression chemometric tools. The accuracy of the developed PLS models was evaluated in terms of coefficient of determination of prediction (R-P(2)), range error ratio (RER) and residual predictive deviation (RPD). RER values of 12.8, 9.3 and 16.5 and RPD values of 3.4, 2.5 and 5.0 were obtained for the determination of acidity values, peroxide values and TPC, respectively. The reliability of the obtained results indicates that the PLS models developed for the determination of acidity and TPC can be used for quality control while the PLS model implemented for the determination of the peroxide values can only be used for screening purposes.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Investigation and analysis of pesticide residues in edible fungi produced in the mid-western region of China

    Li, YongboQin, GuofuYang, BixiaZhao, Guipeng...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：The present study sought to investigate the levels of multi-pesticide residues in highly consumed edible fungi in China's western regions. A total of 354 edible fungi samples were collected from the local markets, and the concentrations of 53 pesticides in these samples were determined through high performance liquid chroma-tography mass spectrometer (HPLC/MS/MS). Carbendazim, acephate, procymidone, prochloraz, aldicarb sul-fone,etc. were found to be the primary pesticides in the edible fungi samples. Carbendazim had the highest detection rate (70.9%), followed by acephate (13.0%) and procymidone (7.3%), and the detection concentrations were 0.0002-2.7316 mg/kg, 0.0248-0.4985 mg/kg, 0.1807-0.3928 mg/kg, respectively. Nearly 52 (14.7%) edible fungi samples were free of pesticide residues, while the remaining contained one or more pesticide res-idues. In terms of safety index and risk coefficient, the safety status of edible fungi is acceptable. This study will provide insights into the current contamination status in the key agricultural areas in China and develop food safety regulations to control the excessive use of some pesticides on edible fungi.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A socio-technical approach to food safety incident analysis using the AcciMap model in the hospitality sector

    De Oleo, Dileyni DiazMcIntyre, LynnRandall, NicolaNayak, Rounaq...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：A theory-based systems approach, such as AcciMap accident analysis, has been widely used over the years in multiple safety critical sectors such as the nuclear, petrochemical, aviation and railway industries to provide a detailed understanding of complex systems and the chain of events contributing to accidents resulting from system failure. However, despite its advantages, the use of a systems approach in the food safety context has to date been limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate three established norovirus incidents using the AcciMap accident analysis approach to determine its efficacy at informing the design of food safety policies following a norovirus outbreak to prevent reoccurrence. This approach was found to be of value in analysing norovirus outbreaks. The findings of the AcciMap analysis reveal the norovirus outbreaks were not the outcome of a single causal incident, but a chain of events and interactions that involved governmental failure to control and enforce safety regulations and the impact on managerial and individual behaviours at a lower level in the system. The analysis identified the common contributory factors such as poor inspections, lack of regular monitoring of quality of water supply, inadequate management of wastewater and ineffective communication that led to each incident across the hierarchical levels within a socio-technical system. The value of using the AcciMap approach is that it does not constrain the analysis to individual components or particular types of incident allowing for a more holistic and interconnected risk assessment.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier