查看更多>>摘要：The present study deals with the feeding ecology of species which influences the home ranges and habitat use of sloth bear (Melursus ursinus). Seasonal diet composition of sloth bear in Nawada Forest Division (NFD), Nawada, Bihar was determined from 115 scats. With microscopic analysis of scats, different types of food items such as plants, termites, ants and mammalian hairs were identified. On frequency of occurrence basis in scats, plants species contributed highest followed by the insects (28.9%)and mammalian hairs (10.3%). Among the plants species, Zyzyphus sp. (14.8%) ranked highest among the plants followed by Aegle marmelos (13.3%). Of the insects found in scats, termites (8%), larvae of beetles (7.3%), black ants (5.0%) and red ants (4.3%)respectively were observed. Some unidentified materials (2.6%) were also identified during scats analysis. Based on percent dry weight composition, plants species dominated followed by insects, unidentified matters and mammalian hairs respectively.
查看更多>>摘要：The state of Bihar is blessed with potentially rich and varied aquatic resources. There is a vast avenue for the growth of aquaculture sector in Bihar. Fish constitutes one of the single largest and cheapest source of animal protein in the developingcountries like India. It has a great promise to provide source of livelihood to poor farmers. The per capita demand of Indian Major Carps like Catla (Catla catla) Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mri-gal (Cirrhinus mrigala) is high, but production and supply is very limited. The total inland fish production of the state during the year 2002-03 was 2.2 to 2.5 lakh tones, in-spite of best efforts made by the state to increase its production. So, the development of aquaculture in the state of Bihar needs focal attention for its accelerated growth. In this context, the present study was undertaken to assess the water resources, aquaculture potentials, present status of fish production and their strategies for fish production in Bihar. Majority of fish farmers in Bihar possess small land holding (<1 ha). The current production rate analysisis an indicator for revealing that there is a wide gap between the existing production and its potentials. Dissemination of fish farming technology has already been instrumental in fetching the attention of many people from all income groups to take up fish farming either in newly excavated ponds or renovated leased ponds having an area ranging from 0.04 ha to several hectares. Therefore, there is an emergent need to pay attention towards aquaculture potentials, strategies development and creating sustainable livelihood opportunities for the increasing population of Bihar.
查看更多>>摘要：Nutrient concentration in water influences the abundance of phytoplankton communities. The aim of the study was to analyze the diversity of the plankton community with reference to nutrient concentration of the water in the industrial creeks of Suratcity, Guj arat. Regarding this, the samples were collected and analyzed as per the standard methods from three different selected sites during April-2013 to September-2013. This paper presents the results of the nutrients and phytoplankton at 3 sites ofIndustrial creek’s water located around Surat City, Gujarat. During the study Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Dothideomycetes and Euascomycetes were found and among them the Bacillariophyceae were found the dominant group. From the results it was con-firmedthat creeks’ water was strongly affected by the industrial effluent and domestic sewage. The Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae found in this type ofenvironment is having many ecological importance in various industries is also incorporated in this study.
查看更多>>摘要：Municipal solid waste management has become a matter of dispute in today’s society and requires utmost attention to be resolved.The current mechanism of waste management in the Chambatown is not efficient and has been under growing stress. The main purpose of the current research is to know the status of waste generation, characterization, disposal among other important determinants of waste management. Demographic data were used to find the patterns of waste generation of the public at large in theChamba town. Further, the understanding, awareness, attitude towards the grim situation of waste management in the town was also explored among the public. The mean environmental score of the respondents was found to be 4.39 with a ct=1.9. The respondent willingness to pay for participating in market-based policy for improved waste management in their town was investigated. It was reported, an overwhelming proportion of respondents were in favor of paying a pre-determined amount on monthly basis to theconcerned urban local body for better managementof waste. The strategic town of Chamba holds many avenues of economic expansion which seemingly will pull the strings of the existing waste management system. The present study suggests that various management techniques such as bio-composting, gasification, waste-to wealth, waste-to-energy should be studied and explored in their context of feasibility in Himalayan ecosystem so that an Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) strategy would better serve the need of the town. Various such management strategies should be explored for economic feasibility before being adopted for any practical results.
S. Balaji NaikDr. Vimal ChauhanSourav Ranjan Mohapatra
6页
查看更多>>摘要：An intensive floristic investigation provides the first systematic and comprehensive account of the floral diversity of Col. Sher Jung National Park of Himachal Pradesh. Knowledge of floristic diversity is essential for understanding ecosystem and itsfunctioning. Total 184 species were found which includes 63 species of trees, 42 species of shrubs,42 species of herbs, 22 species of grasses, 5 species of sedges, 3 species of ferns, 6 species of climbers and 1 species of creeper in the park. Fabaceaeis the dominant family represented by 31 species, followedby Poaceae (22 species), Malvaceae (14 species), Asteraceae (14 species) and Lamiaceae (7 species).
查看更多>>摘要：Trichodiniasis is a fish disease caused by ectoparasitic trichodinid ciliophorans and often causing a threat to the fishery sectors around the world. Infestation of fishes by this particular group of protozoan parasites is held responsible for low production caused by massive destruction of skin and gill epithelium of host fishes and further gets exposed to bacterial and viral diseases due to damaged tissue. Icthyoparasitological surveys in search of trichodinid ciliophorans were conducted in variouswild and cultured edible fishes in various ponds, lakes, rivers of the Purulia district of West Bengal during July, 2015 to June, 2018. Out of 593 host fishes of thirteen genera 142 fishes of eight genera were found to be infested by various species ofTripartiella. The study reveals that prevalence rates of the parasites vary with the seasons and hosts and interestingly it is evident that hybrid carps appear to be more susceptible than pure carps.
查看更多>>摘要：An effort was made to study the physical characteristics of soil less media. Different proportions of soil less media mixture were chosen for the study. The physical properties of soil less media and its effect on germination percentage of tomato weredetermined. The matric potential for different media mixtures also found out. Bulk density and Aeration Porosity were found maximum in the mixture of 1:1:1 (Coir pith : Vermicompost: Sand) because the proportion of sand was more in this mixture. Water holding capacity was found maximum in the mixture 3:2:1 (C:V:S). As the tension increased the moisture content decreased in soil less media over the period of time. This study gave "the comparative analysis for choosing suitable soil less media for healthy crop growth.
查看更多>>摘要：The study was conducted in Umsmu, NongthymmaiKyrdem and Umdamli villages of Umsning block of RiBhoi District of Meghalaya during 2019. Sweet potato is one of the most important oldest and annual tuber crops of Meghalaya and is known as “PhanKaro” or“PhanThiang” in the local language. Both primary and secondary data were used for the present study. Primary data was collected from farmers of Umsmu, NongthymmaiKyrdem and Umdamli villages using a random sampling technique. The present investigationreveals that soil quality of these villages is not feasible for the growth of sweet potato plant. The results obtained served as a guide for the basic requirement necessary for the healthy growth of sweet potato. Based on the present study improved varieties of sweet potato may curtail the extent of breakdown and sources of pests and disease transfer.
查看更多>>摘要：Poisson regression models are the most reasonable regression models while the observation is a count data. In many cases where ecological data are analyzed, the normality assumption is often violated and as such fitting the normal linear models to ecological data is not at all the usual way. There are variety of other methods which are conflicting in themselves and so choosing an appropriate one is another point of discussion. In this paper, the abundance of earthworm species is investigated throughvarious soil and environmental characteristics in three subtropical forest ecosystems of Manipur, India. Counts of different earthworm species are being observed in three subtropical forest ecosystems of Manipur; viz., Mixed Reserved forest, Disturbed forest and Plantation forest during the 12 months of the year. The count of species of a particular type of earthworm observedduring the 12 months of the year is regressed on 9 soil characteristics. Three random effects Quasi-Poisson models consisting of continuous predictor variables are fitted separately for the three different sites. The main effects models and interaction effects model are separately interpreted for all the three sites. Adequacy of fitted models are checked by using diagnostic plots. Soil temperature and soil moisture are two dominant characteristics which significantly influence the abundance of earthwormin all three sites. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus are also significant predictors of earthworm abundance. Some interaction effects also contribute to species abundance.
查看更多>>摘要：The Kinnow fruits were stored at ambient condition for the period of 21 days. The average temperature and relative humidity were 15.8°C and 75.46 % respectively during storage period in the month of January and Initial moisture content of the Kinnowfruits was 78.52% on wet basis. This study covers, the variation in physical properties of Kinnow i.e. weight loss, bulk density, true density, porosity and spherisity were studied during storage. Weight loss of Kinnow was increased from 8.93% to 33.64%.The bulk density and true density were increased from 583.40 kg/m3 to 520.10 kg/m3 and 881.20 kg/m3 to 862.50 kg/m3 while the sphericity and porosity were decreased from 0.96 to 0.93 and 33.76% to 39.69% respectively. Weightloss of Kinnow was more influenced as compared to other physical properties over a storage period of time.
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