首页期刊导航|Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science
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Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science
Elsevier Science Publishers
Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science

Elsevier Science Publishers

0016-7061

Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science/Journal Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science
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    Evaluating the impact of using digital soil mapping products as input for spatializing a crop model: The case of drainage and maize yield simulated by STICS in the Berambadi catchment (India)

    Lagacherie, P.Bui, S.Constantin, J.Dharumarajan, S....
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) can be an alternative data source for spatializing crop models over large areas. The objective of the paper was to evaluate the impact of DSM products and their uncertainties on a crop model's outputs in an 80 km(2) catchment in south India. We used a crop model called STICS and evaluated two essential soil functions: the biomass production (through simulated yield) and water regulation (via calculated drainage). The simulation was conducted at 217 sites using soil parameters obtained from a DSM approach using either Random Forest or Random Forest Kriging. We first analysed the individual STICS simulations, i.e., at two cropping seasons for 14 individual years, and then pooled the simulations across years, per site and crop season. The results show that i) DSM products outperformed a classical soil map in providing spatial estimates of STICS soil parameters, ii) although each soil parameters were estimated separately, the correlations between soil parameters were globally preserved, ii) Errors on STICS' yearly outputs induced by DSM estimations of soil parameters were globally low but were important for the few years with high impacts of soil variations, iii) The statistics of the STICS simulations across years were also affected by DSM errors with the same order of magnitude as the errors on soil inputs and iv) The impact of DSM errors was variable across the studied soil parameters. These results demonstrated that coupling DSM with a crop model could be a better alternative to the classical Digital Soil Assessment techniques. As such, it will deserve more work in the future.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Machine learning techniques for acid sulfate soil mapping in southeastern Finland

    Estevez, VirginiaBeucher, AmelieMattback, StefanBoman, Anton...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Acid sulfate soils are one of the most environmentally harmful soils existing in nature. This is because they produce sulfuric acid and release metals, which may cause several ecological damages. In Finland, the occurrence of this type of soil in the coastal areas constitutes one of the major environmental problems of the country. To address this problem, it is essential to precisely locate acid sulfate soils. Thus, the creation of occurrence maps for these soils is required. Nowadays, different machine learning methods can be used following the digital soil mapping approach. The main goal of this study is the evaluation of different supervised machine learning techniques for acid sulfate soil mapping. The methods analyzed are Random Forest, Gradient Boosting and Support Vector Machine. We show that Gradient Boosting and Random Forest are suitable methods for the classification of acid sulfate soils, the resulting probability maps have high precision. However, the accuracy of the probability map created with Support Vector Machine is lower because this method overestimates the non-AS soils occurrences. We also compare these modeled probability maps with the conventionally produced occurrence map. In general, the modeled maps are more objective and accurate than the conventional maps. Moreover, the mapping process using machine learning techniques is faster and less expensive.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Recurrence plots for quantifying the vegetation indices dynamics in a semi-arid grassland

    Almeida-Naunay, Andres F.Benito, Rosa M.Quemada, MiguelLosada, Juan C....
    20页
    查看更多>>摘要：Grasslands in the Iberian Peninsula are some of the most valuable ecosystems in Europe and are vulnerable because of their location in arid-semiarid regions. Remote sensing techniques have the potential for monitoring grasslands using vegetation indices (VIs), which can reveal bare soil and non-photosynthetic vegetation reflectance in these regions. The temporal variability of the VI time-series is commonly measured as the standard deviation of the records, insufficient to study the system dynamics. Recurrence plots (RP) and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) allow us to visualize and quantify system dynamics based on topology. These advanced analyses calculate stochasticity through determinism (DET) and predictability degree based on the average length of diagonal structures (LT). This study aims to evaluate RPs, Cross Recurrence Plots (CRP), and RQA to visualize and quantify VIs and climatic series and their anomalies responses dynamics.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    How do the chemical characteristics of organic matter explain differences among its determinations in calcareous soils?

    Visconti, FernandoGema Jimenez, MaMiguel de Paz, Jose
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Nowadays, the continuous organic carbon (OC) assessment in soil and its various particle-size fractions is needed to correctly estimate the soil organic matter (OM) contents and dynamics. However, the existence of several widely used analytical methods for OC and OM determination hinders the comparison of OC and OM data taken by different laboratories, in different times, soil classes, horizons and particle-size fractions. Although these methods are usually related by means of empirical soil-dependent factors, how these coefficients vary among soils is seldom addressed. In the present work 67 samples from the A horizons (0 to 20-40 cm depth) of 58 forest and agricultural calcareous soils from the Valencia province (Eastern Spain) were taken, the silt-plus-clay separated, and both the fine earth and the silt-plus-clay analysed through the wet dichromate self-heated and externally heated oxidations, the dry combustion with CO2 measurement and the loss-on-ignition. As a consequence, the readily oxidizable carbon (RXC), the total oxidizable carbon (TXC), OC and OM were obtained, respectively. Furthermore, the coefficients to convert among these properties, namely, the Walkley-Black factor (f(WB)), the oxidation recovery factor (f(XR)), the carbon valence in the organic matter (nu(C,OM)), and the van Bemmelen (f(VB)) factor were assessed. The RXC in both fine earth and silt-plus-clay was 75% of the OC thus supporting a common f(WB) of 1.33. However, the OM in the fine earth presented less f(XR) than the silt-plus-clay. This apparent inconsistency between f(WB) and& was caused by the different nu(C,OM )in the fine earth (3.45) and the silt-plus-clay (4.56) and hence, the different oxidation state of the OC in each fraction. This was revealed by how f(WB) depends on f(XR) and nu(C,OM) through f(WB) = 4 f(XR)/nu(C,OM). Therefore, the different nu(C,OM) exactly compensated for the different f(XR) in each fraction to give the same f(WB) for both. Besides, the different vcom in each fraction was consistent with the fact that carbon accounted for 61% and 71% of the OM mass in, respectively, the fine earth and the silt-plusclay, thus supporting the use of a van Bemmelen factor below the standard of 1.72 and different, i.e., 1.64 and 1.41, for each particle-size fraction. This fact can be understood taking into account that nu(C,OM) linearly depends on f(VB )through nu(C,OM) = 4 - alpha - beta f(VB), where alpha and beta are two empirical coefficients. Therefore, it has been shown how the conversion coefficients among the RXC, TXC, OC and OM depend on two independent chemical characteristics, one OM-stoichiometry-related, the carbon mass fraction, and another OM-reactivity-related, the oxidation recovery. As a consequence, it will be better understood that the determinations of OC and OM in soils, remarkably when the Walkley-Black method is used, vary not only because of changes in OC and OM magnitude, but also because of changes in OM stoichiometry and reactivity. The differences in the soil OC and OM data obtained by using different laboratory methods, and in different times, particle-size fractions, soil depths, classes, etc., will be thus better understood.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Interactive effects of salinity and SOM on the ecoenzymatic activities across coastal soils subjected to a saline gradient

    Dong, Y.Chen, R.Petropoulos, E.Yu, B....
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Salinity and soil organic matter (SOM) are key edaphic factors that exert substantial influence on soil microbial activity. To understand the interactive effects of both factors on microbial activity, nine ecoenzymes involved in C, N, P and S cycling were assayed across a saline gradient (coastal areas of the Bohai Gulf, CN). The electrical conductivity (EC) of the soils ranged from 0.14 to 13.65 dS m(-1). The response of the ecoenzymatic activities (EEAs) to salinity followed a nonlinear relationship due to the interaction of SOM and salinity on EEAs. The nonlinear response demonstrated divergent patterns below and above an EC of 2 dS m(-1). Specifically, when EC < 2 dS m(-1), no correlation between EEAs and conductivity was observed and EEAs had a positive correlation with SOM; when EC > 2 dS m(-1), the EEAs were negatively correlated with conductivity and no correlation with SOM was observed. Substrate amendment at EC < 2 dS m(-1) significantly improved EEAs that reached the levels similar to those of non-saline soils, while EEAs remained unrecovered when EC > 2 dS m(-1). This EC value may stand as critical (threshold) salinity. Under higher EC conditions, EEAs are mainly affected by salinity while SOM has no critical role. This becomes reversed when salinity (as EC) drops below the critical value. This study provides with a numerical salinity reference for the potential of the land 'to be reclaimed by organic matter addition' and assists in defining strategies for soil reclamation based on the proposed salinity threshold.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Linkages between soil organic matter and magnetic mineral formation in agricultural fields in southeastern Minnesota, USA

    Frankl, Aaron L.Maxbauer, Daniel P.Savina, Mary E.
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Magnetic properties of soil are widely utilized to study soil development in a variety of settings due to the formation of strongly magnetic iron oxides during pedogenesis. Similarly, soil organic matter (SOM) is commonly measured in soil surveys conducted on agricultural lands due to the essential role SOM plays in the soil ecosystem. Here, we present data from two agricultural fields in southeastern Minnesota that demonstrate a relationship between soil magnetic properties and SOM. In each field, we collected 100 topsoil samples along a 40 m by 20 m grid to determine spatial variability in soil magnetic properties and SOM, as well as two soil cores to constrain variability with depth (similar to 0-60 cm). Magnetic susceptibility, low-field remanence, and hysteresis properties were used to characterize magnetic mineral abundance and grain-size in the soils. There are strong positive correlations between SOM and three magnetic properties: the frequency dependence of susceptibility (chi(fd)), anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM), and the ratio of ARM to isothermal remanent magnetization (ARM/IRM). All three of these magnetic properties (chi(fd), ARM, and ARM/IRM) are sensitive to the concentration (or relative abundance) of fine-grained (<75 nm) magnetite/maghemite known to form in well-drained soils during pedogenesis. Correlation between SOM and magnetic properties persist in each field despite differences in the management strategy over the past three decades. Our results support a functional link between SOM and soil-formed magnetite/maghemite, where increasing SOM (up to a threshold) enhances the production and stability of soil-formed magnetite due to its role in soil redox processes and iron-organic complexes. Agricultural soils seem particularly well suited to demonstrate correlations between SOM and pedogenic magnetic minerals due to their relatively low SOM and typically well-drained environments, supporting the utility of soil magnetism in agricultural soil survey studies.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier