首页期刊导航|Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science
期刊信息/Journal information
Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science
Elsevier Science Publishers
Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science

Elsevier Science Publishers

0016-7061

Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science/Journal Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science
正式出版
收录年代

    Conversion of mangrove forests to shrimp ponds in southeastern China destabilizes sediment microbial networks

    Wu L.Yang P.Luo L.Zhu W....
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Within the ecosystem, mangroves serve diverse functions by acting as a carbon sink, removing nitrogen, providing habitats for marine organisms, and regulating climate. Nowadays, many mangrove forests are being converted to shrimp ponds across the world, and several studies have quantified the effects of this conversion on soil carbon stocks and greenhouse gas emissions. However, its effects on the soil microbial community structure and assembly processes remain unclear. In the present study, high-throughput sequencing and multivariate statistical analyses were used to quantify the characteristics of soil microbial communities in common mangrove types in southeastern China and the adjacent converted shrimp ponds. The relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia, Cyanobacteria, and Firmicutes was significantly increased in the shrimp pond sediment compared with that in the mangrove sediment, whereas the archaea, represented by Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota, exhibited the opposite patterns. Moreover, the sediment microbial communities in the shrimp ponds exhibited more obvious biogeographical distributions than those in the mangrove habitat. Null model analysis revealed that variable selection (via deterministic processes) governed the microbial community assembly in the mangrove sediments, while dispersal limitation (via stochastic processes) shaped the microbial community structure in the shrimp pond sediments. Our findings suggest that converting mangrove forest habitats to shrimp ponds significantly alters the sediment microbial networks, rendering them unstable (by disrupting the network topology parameters such as modularity, total cohesion, and negative cohesion). This may in turn lead to alterations in various ecosystem functions in response to habitat conversion, highlighting the need for better preserving mangroves through appropriate climate change mitigation measures.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Soil dwelling springtails are resilient to extreme drought in soil, but their reproduction is highly sensitive to small decreases in soil water potential

    Wang Y.Slotsbo S.Holmstrup M.
    6页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The Author(s)Understanding the physiology and ecology of springtails and their responses to environmental conditions in the soil is important for many aspects of soil ecology. Many springtails spend most of their lives in the soil where humidity is high, and several euedaphic species are considered semi-aquatic animals. Climate models predict that summer soil moisture in many regions will decrease in the future, and our aim with this laboratory study was to investigate the importance of soil water potentials in the range between field capacity to the wilting point on the survival, growth and reproduction of the euedaphic springtail, Folsomia candida Willem. Our results show that reproduction was, by far, the most sensitive life-history trait. Reproduction stopped already at very modest soil water potentials (-15 kPa), which did not influence body water content or growth. These results suggest that recruitment in populations of F. candida is restricted to periods where soil moisture is high. Body growth and activities of juveniles and adults, however, may continue in moderately dry soil until the soil water potential reaches ca. ?100 kPa. Should severe drought occur, normal body functions are paused, but surviving adults and juvenile individuals would contribute to the resilience of this species at low soil moisture. We discuss the implications of drought for the ecological functions of springtails.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Towards moss-dominated biocrust effects on soil temperature across seasons in drylands: Insight from continuous measurements of soil thermal properties and solar radiation

    Li S.Sun F.Xiao B.Chamizo S....
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Globally widespread, biocrusts form a “living skin” on most dryland soils, helping govern fundamental ecosystem functions, particularly water and heat balances in drylands. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of biocrust effects on topsoil thermal properties and temperature (T) are still unclear. In this study, we continuously measured thermal properties of moss-dominated biocrusts and bare soil (aeolian sand) at 1 cm depth by utilizing heat pulse probes for one year on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The surface soil water content (θ), net all-wave radiation (Jn), surface albedo (α), heat flux (G), and other properties were further measured to analyze their connections with soil thermal properties. Our results indicated that biocrusts decreased (F ≥ 1.91, P ≤ 0.031) heat capacity (C), thermal conductivity (λ), and thermal diffusivity (κ) by 1.6% (1.36 vs. 1.38 MJ m?3 K?1), 11.6% (0.62 vs. 0.69 W m?1 K?1), and 8.7% (0.62 vs. 0.69 × 10?7 m2 s?1) on average, respectively, in contrast to bare soil. Moreover, biocrusts variously regulated soil thermal properties in dry and wet seasons owing to the influences of rainfall events and θ. As compared with bare soil, the C, λ, and κ of biocrusts in dry season (Nov.–Apr.) were decreased by 5.7%, 19.0%, and 12.2%, respectively; while only the C was increased by 2.2% by biocrusts in wet season, but the λ and κ of biocrusts were similar to that of bare soil. Furthermore, biocrusts increased θ both in dry (by 5.0 times) and wet (by 3.5 times) seasons as compared with bare soil. Especially, biocrusts decreased α by 32.1% (0.19 vs. 0.28) and G (at 8 cm depth) by 20.0% (0.8 vs. 1.0 W m?2 s?1), and increased Jn by 30.1% (73.0 vs. 56.1 W m?2) in comparison to bare soil. Lastly, combining with the higher θ and lower α as well as the lower soil thermal properties, biocrusts greatly increased T by 1.7 ℃ (up to 4.5 °C; P < 0.001) on average. In conclusion, moss-dominated biocrusts have great regulating effects on surface soil thermal properties and T, and these effects are mostly attributed to their lower bulk density and α but higher porosity and water-holding capacity, which further change surface θ and T regimes and play a vital role in soil water and heat balances as well as other critical processes in drylands.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Soil acidity amelioration improves N and C cycles in the short term in a system with soybean followed by maize-guinea grass intercropping

    Barcelos J.P.D.Q.de Souza M.Nascimento C.A.C.D.Rosolem C.A....
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Lime application has been associated with N and C losses from agricultural systems through NO3– leaching, N2O and CO2 emissions. However, we hypothesized that in an intensive crop system where soybean is grown in rotation with maize intercropped with a forage grass, liming associated with the application of gypsum to ameliorate the subsoil, and N fertilization increase soil N and C by improving root and crop growth. To evaluate the interaction of lime, gypsum and N fertilizer on soil and N and C partial balances, an experiment was carried out under no-till, where soybean was grown in rotation with maize intercropped with Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus cv Tanzania) as relay crop. Lime and gypsum were applied before soybean planting in October 2016 and October 2017. Two N rates (0 and 160 kg ha?1 yr?1 of N as ammonium sulphate) were applied to maize annually. Outputs through N-NO3– leaching, N-N2O emission and N-NH3 volatilization did not exceed 30 kg ha?1 of N in two years. The N exported in grains consisted in 96% of the N output and was greater with fertilizer and lime. Soil acidity amelioration and N-fertilization favoured soil C fixation with high plant biomass production (C in plant residue, roots, and grains), while soil C-CO2 emission was not affected, and soil C increased. Although the partial N balance was negative, there was an increase in soil N, probably due to biological N fixation by soybean, which was not considered in the partial balance. We concluded that lime and gypsum application, along with an adequate N fertilization, to a tropical highly-weathered soil with soybean cropped in rotation with maize-guinea grass intercropping benefit N and C cycles and the environment in the short-term, increasing soil N and C stocks and reducing GHG emitted to the atmosphere.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Land surface temperature assimilation into a soil moisture-temperature model for retrieving farm-scale root zone soil moisture

    Ahmadi S.Alizadeh H.Mojaradi B.
    18页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Thermal infrared remote sensing have been extensively applied to estimate global- or regional- extent surface soil moisture. Meanwhile, potentials of the remotely sensed data for farm-scale retrieval of root zone soil moisture (RZSM) as well as estimation of soil hydraulic parameters, have been rarely investigated. Using Ensemble Kalman Filter, we propose a new methodology to assimilate land surface temperature (LST) of both MODIS and LANDSAT-8, into the soil temperature module of HYDRUS-1D model. The main objectives are to estimate soil hydraulic parameters and to retrieve RZSM with high spatiotemporal resolution independent of any in-situ measurements of soil temperature or moisture. However, we consider some modeling scenarios by which we assimilate in-situ measurements of soil moisture into the soil moisture module of the HYDRUS-1D model to provide a reference to compare with results of the LST assimilation scenarios. We apply the proposed methodology to a farm located in Moghan irrigation district, Ardabil province of Iran, which has in-situ soil moisture measurements. Even in the least accurate scenario of ours by which MODIS-LST was assimilated, RMSE varies in the range of 0.012–0.013 cm3·cm?3 demonstrated to be superior compared to preceding recent works in the literature of satellite soil moisture retrieval. Moreover, the scenario of assimilating LANDSAT-LST data leads to higher parameter uncertainty compared to the assimilation of solely in-situ soil moisture or MODIS-LST which is related to higher temporal resolution of both in-situ and MODIS data compared to LANDSAT data and the error stems from the algorithm of deriving LANDSAT-LST. Accordingly, our study recommend that assimilation of the satellite-based land surface temperature of both LANDSAT-8 and MODIS are appropriate alternatives for expensive in-situ measurement.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Expanding the Paradigm: The influence of climate and lithology on soil phosphorus

    Wilson S.G.Dahlgren R.A.O'Geen A.T.Margenot A.J....
    20页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The AuthorsThe fate of phosphorus (P) during pedogenesis has been historically conceptualized (Walker-Syers model) with time as the primary controlling state factor. Herein, we demonstrate that both climate and lithology exert a strong and interacting influence on the fate of P by examining coupled bioclimatic and parent material effects on soil P fractions. Three transects were investigated spanning a 2150-m elevation gradient (MAT = 17 → 3 °C/MAP = 330 → 1400 mm) across three separate bedrock lithologies (lithosequence: granite, andesite and basalt) within the Sierra Nevada and southern Cascades of California. The elevation gradient entails four bioclimatic zones (bioclimosequence: blue oak, ponderosa pine, white fir and red fir). Soil P fractions were determined by sequential fractionation and interpreted in the context of associated soil characterization data. The bioclimatic sequences demonstrate a weathering gradient with maximum intensity at mid-elevation sites, and corresponding changes in Fe/Al-(hydr)oxide content and aluminosilicate crystallinity. Phosphorus content of parent material varied by an order of magnitude (mean; mg P kg?1): andesite (1500) > basalt (1000) > granite (131). Differences in P content of parent material influenced Pt in soils. However, amounts and proportions of P in fractions were influenced by subtle to significant interactions between climate and lithology, owing to differences in chemical weathering and the abundance and crystallinity of Fe/Al-(hydr)oxides and aluminosilicates. This interactive effect of pedogenesis on clay mineralogy led to differences in P fractions dependent upon lithology and bioclimatic zone. Labile inorganic P (Pi) was uniformly higher in soils derived from granite, despite granite having significantly lower P content, a result of lower Fe/Al-(hydr)oxide generation in granitic soils. With descending elevation and increased weathering intensity, HCl-Pi (primary mineral bound P-apatite) declined in basalt and andesite but remained unchanged in granite owing to its greater resistance to chemical weathering. As weathering intensity increased, occluded P increased in basalt, decreased in andesite and was unchanged in granite, contradicting the paradigm of progressive P occlusion with increased weathering. This incongruity for andesite results from a dominance of poorly crystalline materials (e.g., ferrihydrite, allophane/imogolite) at less weathered sites versus more crystalline minerals at more weathered sites. This study highlights several caveats to the paradigm that time (i.e., degree of weathering) is universally the dominant pedogenic control of P fractionation. We identify the importance of interactions between lithology and climate in regulating the amount and types of weathering products that in turn control P fractionation and ecosystem P availability.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Mineral element recycling in topsoil following permafrost degradation and a vegetation shift in sub-Arctic tundra

    Mauclet E.Agnan Y.Opfergelt S.Druel A....
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Climate change affects the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions by exposing previously frozen permafrost to thaw, unlocking soil nutrients, changing hydrological processes, and boosting plant growth. As a result, sub-Arctic tundra is subject to a shrub expansion, called “shrubification”, at the expense of sedge species. Depending on the intrinsic foliar properties of these plant species, changes in foliar mineral element fluxes with shrubification in the context of permafrost degradation may influence topsoil mineral element composition. Despite the potential implications of changes in topsoil mineral element concentrations for the fate of organic carbon, this remains poorly quantified. Here, we investigate vegetation foliar and topsoil mineral element composition (Si, K, Ca, P, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, V) across a natural gradient of permafrost degradation at a typical sub-Arctic tundra at Eight Mile Lake (Alaska, USA). Results show that foliar mineral element concentrations are higher (up to 9 times; Si, K, Mo for all species, and for some species Zn) or lower (up to 2 times; Ca, P, Mn, Cu, V for all species, and for some species Zn) in sedge than in shrub species. As a result, a vegetation shift over ～40 years has resulted in lower topsoil concentrations in Si, K, Zn, and Mo (respectively of 52, 24, 20, and 51%) in highly degraded permafrost sites compared to poorly degraded permafrost sites due to lower foliar fluxes of these elements. For other elements (Ca, P, Mn, Cu, and V), the vegetation shift has not induced a marked change in topsoil concentrations at this current stage of permafrost degradation. A modeled amplified shrubification associated with a further permafrost degradation is expected to increase foliar Ca, P, Mn, Cu, and V fluxes, which will likely change these element concentrations in topsoil. These data can serve as a first estimate to assess the influence of other shifts in vegetation in Arctic and sub-Arctic tundra such as sedge expansion under wetter soil conditions.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    The Brazilian Program of soil analysis via spectroscopy (ProBASE): Combining spectroscopy and wet laboratories to understand new technologies

    Paiva A.F.D.S.Poppiel R.R.Rosin N.A.Greschuk L.T....
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Spectroscopy has been extensively used in soil analysis. However, users, such as commercial laboratories, still do not know the application, potential, and limitations of this technique. This paper aims to present a given course going from theory to practice for end-users regarding spectroscopy technique. The paper combines the use of soil spectroscopy and wet laboratories to perform a scientific-teaching dynamic using their own data, allowing for a better understanding of the technique. The course is denominated ProBASE (The Brazilian Program of Soil Analysis via Spectroscopy). Soil samples from 35 laboratories were sent (34 from Brazil and 1 from Paraguay) to a central spectroscopy laboratory. Samples were measured for visible-near-short-wave-infrared, Vis-NIR (400–2500 nm), and mid-infrared, MIR (3000–25000 nm) ranges and by portable X-ray Fluorescence (pXRF) sensor. We also used the Brazilian Soil Spectral Library (BSSL) dataset (Vis-NIR). We performed three different population models with Vis-NIR as follows: a) using the dataset of each laboratory (Local), b) using the entire ProBASE-dataset (Regional), and c) using the BSSL (Country). Afterward, we developed spectral models using the other spectral ranges for comparison. We also used a qualitative approach to detect errors from the wet laboratory analyses using Vis-NIR data and evaluated their impact on spectral modeling. The models that used Local samples had the best performance, with R2 in validation reaching up to 0.93 for clay, 0.92 for sand, 0.86 for P, 0.82 for pH, 0.81 for organic matter (OM), 0.75 for Ca2+, 0.72 for cation exchange capacity (CEC), 0.71 for aluminum saturation, 0.71 for Al3+, 0.70 for Mg2+, 0.64 for base saturation (V%), and 0.56 for K+. However, the base saturation presented greater variation from good to poor results. For the comparison dataset, the results can be summarized as follows: a) pXRF was better for P, Ca2+ B, V% and Mn; b) MIR was better for clay, sand, OM, pH, Mg2+, CEC and Mn; c) Vis-NIR was better for H + Al; d) the three spectral ranges had good performance for OM, sand, silt and clay. In addition, our findings indicate that all spectral ranges are useful for a wet laboratory, where each model has advantages and limitations, but they can be used complementary to each other. Spectroscopy can detect inconsistencies of the wet laboratory analyses, affecting thus the quality of the results. The commercial laboratory community viewed the techniques positively. The results indicate the viability to create a hybrid laboratory, combining both wet and dry (soil spectroscopy) chemistry.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Effects of organic matter characteristics on soil aggregate turnover using rare earth oxides as tracers in a red clay soil

    Halder M.Liu S.Zhang Z.B.Guo Z.C....
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Organic materials input is remarkably essential for soil aggregates formation and breakdown processes. Which characteristics of organic materials control soil aggregate turnover is still largely unknown. Eleven organic materials were characterized in terms of nutrient stoichiometry, biochemical features and carbon (C) functional groups. The effects of organic matter characteristics on soil aggregate turnover were investigated by using rare earth oxides (REOs) as tracers. REOs concentrations in four aggregate fractions were measured on 0, 14, 28, and 56 d of incubation to calculate the aggregates transformation paths and turnover time. Our results exhibited that aggregate turnover time was reduced considerably with the addition of organic materials in order of easily decomposed residues (ED) < moderately decomposed residues (MD) < slowly decomposed manures (SD) but increased within aggregate fractions in sequence of silt and clay fractions < macroaggregates < microaggregates, such effects attenuated over time (P < 0.05). Nutrient stoichiometry had no impacts on relative changes and turnover time of aggregates. Soluble sugars increased the formation of large macroaggregates at early stage of incubation, but laid no impacts on aggregate turnover time. Lignin reduced soil aggregates formation but increased aggregate turnover time in the first four weeks. C functional groups showed short-term effects on relative changes of aggregates while these characteristics did not explain aggregate turnover time except aromatic carbon. Under ED treatments, the relative formation of 0.053–0.25 mm aggregates increased with the accelerating breakdown of macroaggregates, suggesting the formation of stable microaggregates in the mid-to-late incubation time. With MD and SD application, the relative formation was increased with the decrease of aggregate breakdown over time. We proposed the pathways of soil aggregates turnover, in which the stable microaggregates were released with the breakdown of stable macroaggregates in ED treatments, while such transformation was not observed in MD or SD treatments during the incubation time. Our results demonstrate that aggregate turnover depends on the initial characteristics of incorporated organic matters defined by biochemical features and C functional groups.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Two isolates of Rhizophagus irregularis select different strategies for improving plants phosphorus uptake at moderate soil P availability

    Wang G.Pan Q.Feng G.Zhang L....
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.The roots of most terrestrial plants form symbioses with a diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which make substantial contributions to plant phosphorus (P) uptake. Large genetic variation exists within AM fungi of the same species. However, the impact of these variations, on the mycorrhizal contribution to plants' P uptake by different isolates of the same species and the differences in physiological mechanism remain unknown. In the present study, we selected maize (genotype Oh 43) as the host plant and investigated the response of plant P uptake and soil organic P use efficiency to two different AM fungal isolates, Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 and R. irregularis MUCL 43194 at three soil P availability levels (10.3, 18.6, 43.3 mg kg?1, representing low, medium and high soil available P level, respectively). We found that at the medium soil available P level, R. irregularis MUCL 41833 produced large amounts of extraradical hyphae to explore soil and induced greater expression of phosphate transporter gene ZmPHT1;6 involved in the mycorrhizal pathway. While, R. irregularis MUCL 43194 recruited a specific, and different, bacterial community in the rhizosphere compared to R. irregularis MUCL 41833. This shift in rhizosphere microbiome was characterized by the recruitment of a greater abundance of Betaproteobacteriales when the plant was colonized by R. irregularis MUCL 43194, which showed a strong positive correlation with alkaline phosphatase activity, and suggested a link to greater organic P mineralization. Collectively, our results suggest that the two isolates of R. irregularis have different strategies for improving plant P uptake at the medium soil available P level, which deepened our understanding on the contribution and complexity of the mycorrhizal pathway to plant P uptake.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier