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Forest Ecology and Management
Elsevier Science
Forest Ecology and Management

Elsevier Science

0378-1127

Forest Ecology and Management/Journal Forest Ecology and ManagementSCIISTPEIAHCI
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    How can structure and composition of Eucalyptus plantation landscape reduce leaf-cutting ants?

    Chiles C.R.Melo R.S.Otto M.S.G.Zanini A.M....
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Leaf-cutting ants (Atta spp.) are the main Eucalyptus plantation pests that cause successive defoliation, and productivity losses might be significant. Thus, our objective was to evaluate the influence of vegetation composition and landscape structure on the occurrence of leaf-cutting ants in Eucalyptus spp. plantations neighboring areas of Atlantic Forest vegetation. We collected data on the occurrence of ants (Atta spp.) and the amount of loose soil in each ant colony. We calculated the landscape metrics for the area that we divided in landscape planning unit. We proceeded with information-theoretic approach to identify the best set of models with AICc criteria. We found that 81.1% of the ant colonies had an area of loose soil smaller than 1 m2, and the diversity of Eucalyptus ages, edges of Eucalyptus plantation, and conservation of native fragments have influence on ant occurrence and reduce their effects. So, an increase in vegetation conservation status, decrease of roads that lead to edges in Eucalyptus plantations, and adoption of age mosaics in production areas disrupts ant occurrence. In addition, better functional and structural conditions favor ecosystem services, such as soil and water conservation, through a reduction in the use of formicidal baits.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Biotic predictors improve species distribution models for invasive plants in Western U.S. Forests at high but not low spatial resolutions

    Gray A.N.Baer K.C.
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022Invasions by non-native plants threaten forest health and sustainability. The ability to predict areas at greatest risk to invasion is essential for informing both monitoring and management of invasive species. Species distribution models (SDMs) are often used to identify environmental correlates of a species’ occurrence and predict geographic areas that may be suitable for its presence and are commonly constructed using solely abiotic predictors. However, mounting evidence implies that not including biotic predictors in SDMs may yield less accurate models at some resolutions typical of landscape-scale models, although this possibility has rarely been evaluated in invasive plants. In this study, we determined whether including descriptors of the biotic environment improved the accuracy of SDMs built at five decreasing spatial resolutions for infestations of five common invasive plants in forests of California, Oregon, and Washington, USA and described environmental correlates of each species’ presence. Predictors of occurrence often echoed those identified in previous studies of the focal species, indicating that our models accurately identified important environmental drivers of occurrence. Including biotic predictors in the SDMs consistently improved model accuracy only at the highest resolution we examined, which may be due to the spatial scale at which biotic interactions primarily act to constrain species’ distributions, the particular biotic predictors we used in our models, or correlations between attributes of the abiotic and biotic environment. This finding suggests that, while the practice of building SDMs using abiotic predictors alone may generally yield models whose accuracy does not differ substantially from those that also include biotic predictors, the effects of biotic interactions on the distribution of invasive plants in forests may be detectable at larger scales than previously thought.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Exploring the effects of management intensification on multiple ecosystem services in an ecosystem management context

    Baskent E.Z.Kaspar J.
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier B.V.Understanding forest dynamics under varying management intensification is a crucial step for designing and implementing sustainable forest management scenarios. One way to assess the sustainability is to evaluate the long-term supply of ecosystem services (ES) with some performance indicators. This research focuses on exploring the effects of management intensification on several ESs such as habitat for biodiversity conservation, wood production, carbon stock, cultural values, water provision and soil protection. Forest development was simulated over time with the ETCAP forest management decision support system (DSS) to investigate the effects of intensified forest management activities, representing different treatment rates, rotation periods and afforestation levels, on the selected ecosystem services. Hamidiye forest planning unit was used as a case study area with 19,009 ha forests in southeastern Turkey. The management scenarios with intensified forest interventions such as high rate of thinning and afforestation areas with medium rotation ages led to increased harvest level, carbon storage, soil protection, deadwood and forest area, and reductions in largest stand volume, understory, basal area, ground water and cultural values. The same intensified scenarios with short rotation ages, however, resulted in again higher harvest levels, yet a more regulated forest structure due mainly to the increasing afforestation areas and productivity. Extension of rotation periods, however, appear to have marginal impact on carbon storage, positive effect on soil protection and significant effect on harvest level. Scenarios with low intensified interventions only resulted in high values of biodiversity conservation and cultural values. Intensive treatments and larger afforestation areas had significant impact on the overall results. Overall, the analysis of the modeling approach with varying management scenarios led to better and wider understanding of forest development over time by allowing the assessment of the impacts of management interventions on the sustainable supply of the ecosystem services that highly depend on the afforestation level, thinning rate and rotation period.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier