期刊,Land Use Policy 2022年118卷期_国家学术搜索

期刊信息/Journal information

Land Use Policy

Butterworth Scientific Ltd.

主办单位：Butterworth Scientific Ltd.

国际刊号：0264-8377

Land Use Policy/Journal Land Use PolicySSCIISSHPAHCI

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Unravelling opportunities, synergies, and barriers for enhancing silvopastoralism in the Mediterranean

Varela, ElsaOlaizola, Ana M.Blasco, IsabelCapdevila, Carmen...

15页

查看更多>>摘要：Silvopastoral systems combine wood perennials with forage and livestock. These multipurpose wood-pasture habitats represent an important part of European bio-cultural and ecological heritage. However, their gradual disappearance due to processes of farm abandonment and intensification as well as forestry abandonment threatens biodiversity conservation and bio-cultural heritages. The behaviours of forest owners and livestock farmers determine the success of silvopastoral systems since a productive coherence between forest management and livestock grazing is required for their optimal functioning. In this study, we investigate the livestock farmers' and forest owners' attitudes and opinions towards wood pasture grazing and their relationship with structural factors and farming objectives in two Spanish regions. We used data collected through surveys to identify opportunities, synergies, and barriers in the integration of these actors in joint silvopastoralism. The results reveal a relationship between production objectives and positive attitudes towards silvopastoralism and the environmental functions provided by this activity, in both farmers and forest owners. Cattle farmers express a greater economic interest in wood pastures, as compared to sheep farmers who perceive more difficulties in using them. Acknowledgement of the role of grazing in landscape maintenance is positively correlated with a wide spectrum of objectives of forest owners, from the economic-productivist to the more altruistic profiles. The most synergies are found between cattle farmers and small forest owners for joint silvopastoral management. However, the incorporation of sheep grazing is advisable for the sustainable management of these systems, and hence additional efforts may be required to integrate such farming systems into silvopastoral management. As it currently stands, the EU Common Agricultural Policy appears to be inadequate for maintaining silvopastoral systems.

原文链接:

NSTL
Elsevier

A geospatial decision support system for ecotourism: a case study in the Campania region of Italy

Mileti, Florindo AntonioMiranda, PasqualeLangella, GiulianoPacciarelli, Marco...

15页

查看更多>>摘要：Nowadays, the business of ecotourism and rural tourism is a ver y important activity for many inland areas, enabling them to both produce important income and sustain the rural economy. Moreover, sustainable tourism is included in the UN 17th Sustainable Development Goal , which is to be achieved by 2030 (SDG 8.9 and SDG 12). Recent progress in digital tourism promises to deliver important changes to this activity, but most of this progress is addressed at well-known tourist destinations, so not dealing with the challenge of inland, rural and ecotourism. It is within this framework that this paper attempts to demonstrate that a new type of geoSpatial Decision Support System (S-DSS), developed on a Geospatial Cyberinfrastructure (GCI) and with a substantial interdisciplinary core, could provide a valuable web-based operational tool which may be offered to both ecotourism and rural tourism end-users, planners and policy makers, so that they might better plan and manage this type of sustainable tourism. The S-DSS platform has also been designed to encourage use by the multi-user community (farmers, tourism enterprises, associations and public bodies). The methodolog y is linked to the creation of a GCI platform (www.landsupport.eu) that supports the acquisition, management, processing and analysis of both static (e.g. soi l , geology) and dynamic data (e.g. environmental and daily climatic data), together with data visualization and computer on-the-fly applications, in order to perform modelling, al l of which is potentially accessible via the Web. The S-DSS tool known as EcoSmarTour is demonstrated through a case study of the Campania region (South Italy) and, by connecting database and modelling , it aims to deliver a large amount of information that wi l l improve knowledge of the territory, manage scenario analysis, produce maps and evaluate potential ecotourism footpaths or areas of interest, thus enabling the provision of better information on the entire ecotourism sector. The tool w i l l also be demonstrated through reference to a short selection of additional use cases from elsewhere in Europe. Most importantly, the approach adopted is highly transferable because it relies on very general algorithms that can be easily applied wherever the necessa r y data are available.

原文链接:

NSTL

How business-related governance strategies impact paths towards the formation of global cities? An institutional embeddedness perspective

Wang, HuanmingRan, Bing

10页

查看更多>>摘要：Global city formation has become an important goal for many cities in developing countries. However, the influence of governance strategies on a city's paths towards the formation of global city is rarely studied in literature. To explore how business-related governance strategies impact global city formation, this paper uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to investigate the complex causality of determinants and different paths towards future potential of global cities. The results show that three configurative interactions of sufficient conditions consisting of the cordial and clean relationship between government and business yield high potential for global city formation, including Path 1: a combination of reducing tax burdens for enterprises and government transparency with the absence of political integrity. Path 2: a combination of reducing tax burdens for enterprises, absence of government's care and support for enterprises, and government transparency. Path 3: a combination of government's services for enterprises, reducing tax burdens for enterprises, and government transparency. This research is significant in delineating causal complexity of different governance strategies and factors interacting with each other to coproduce an institutional environment that contributes to a city's paths towards global city.

原文链接:

NSTL

The relations between farmers' land tenure security and agriculture production. An assessment in the perspective of smallholder farmers in Rwanda

Singirankabo, Uwacu AlbanErtsen, Maurits Willemvan de Giesen, Nick

14页

查看更多>>摘要：On the basis of a data set from four research sites over the course of three agricultural years (2006/2007, 2012/2013, 2016/2017), this article empirically assesses the relations between land tenure security and smallholder farms' crop production in Rwanda. We show that the general assumption that secure land tenure improves farm level harvests, is not found for smallholder farms in Rwanda. We defined a farmland tenure security index based on plausible threats as conveyed by smallholder farmers at each research site. Our findings indicate that the harvest of main crops did neither statistically correlate with this index, nor show differences from the mean at all research sites. Instead, factors mainly related to the ongoing crop intensification program, though threatening tenure security, contributed to the increase of small farm harvests. Lower land tenure security did not affect farmers satisfaction of the crop program, most of them claiming that in the end what matters most is that their harvests continue to increase. Therefore, in Rwanda, a new wave of agriculture strategizing contributes to increasing small farms' harvest of prioritized crops and decreasing farm land tenure security simultaneously.

原文链接:

NSTL

Illegal firewood collection in Tasmania: Approaching the problem with the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework

Abdu, NizamTinch, ElenaLevitt, ClintonVolker, Peter W....

13页

查看更多>>摘要：Illegal firewood collection from public and private forests in Tasmania, Australia is widespread and is a challenging problem to control. The practice has adverse effects on habitat areas and depresses the market price of all firewood (legal and illegal). While Tasmania has developed a body of legislation, rules and policies over time, the problem has persisted. This study utilises an Institutional Analysis and Development framework to assess existing arrangements of firewood collection and identifies potential strategies that will aid in controlling the problem. We conduct a review of legislation, rules and policies and undertake in-depth, semi-structured interviews with purposively selected informants (n = 20) from eleven Tasmanian firewood industry-affiliated entities. Through this process, we identify key governance challenges associated with enforcement and information. We find a need for extending authority to enforce rules and enhancing community education to raise awareness about the social, ecological and economic effects of illegal harvesting. We recommend trialling new technologies such as small unmanned aerial vehicles to detect hotspots and developing a labelling system to support development of a legitimate firewood supply chain in the State. In combination, these measures may aid in reducing this long-standing issue.

原文链接:

NSTL

An environmental management experience to control wildfires in the mid-mountain mediterranean area: Shrub clearing to generate mosaic landscapes

Lasanta, TeodoroCortijos-Lopez, MelaniErrea, M. PazKhorchani, Makki...

14页

查看更多>>摘要：The Mediterranean mountains have undergone an intense process of land abandonment since the mid-20th century, with far-reaching changes to the landscape (homogeneity and an increase in combustible material), which, combined with the rise in temperatures, increases the size and frequency of wildfires. This increase has taken place despite technical advances in detecting and fighting fires, which suggests that prevention measures should be improved. Shrub clearing is a practice used in some areas of the Mediterranean mountains to prevent wildfires. This paper presents the results from a study carried out in the Iberian mountain range in La Rioja (Spain), which is representative of mid-Mediterranean mountain landscape due to the wide areas of abandoned land and the highly homogeneous environment dominated by shrubs. From 1986, the Regional Government of La Rioja launched the Plan for Shrub Clearing (PSC) to control fires and promote extensive livestock farming. Be-tween 1986 and 2020, 28.4% of the shrub surface in the study area was cleared, which helped to create a more fragmented and diverse landscape, and drastically reduced the total burned area (average of 1060 ha/year be-tween 1968 and 1986, against 221.7 ha/year between 1987 and 2020). The results obtained in this article show that the PSC, together with extensive livestock farming, is a useful practice in managing homogeneous land-scapes. The PSC creates a mosaic landscape, reduces the fuel load, helps to fight fires and contributes to the provision of ecosystem services. The results can help land managers to implement public policies aimed to reduce environmental hazards, such as wildfires and, thus, ensure that natural resources providing assets and services to the public are maintained.

原文链接:

NSTL