Ahmad, IrshadShukrullah, ShaziaNaz, Muhammad YasinUllah, Sami...
33页
查看更多>>摘要：Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising technology for solving global environmental and energy challenges. The selectivity of low-cost, non-toxic and thermochemically stable materials for photocatalytic applications is crucial to meet the industrial standards. Despite of owing unique layered structure, distinct electronic band structure and tunable optical properties, the bismuth oxyhalides BiOX (X = Cl, Br and I) photocatalytic materials suffer from rapid recombination of charge carriers and limited light absorption issues. These limitations restrict the photocatalytic efficiency and industrial applications of BiOX materials. The focus of this critical review is to discuss recent developments in the design and modification of existing and new BiOX materials for getting optimum photocatalytic response from these materials. The key elements of the review are BiOX synthesis methods, BiOX driven water splitting, single and double stage hydrogen evolution systems, degradation of organic pollutants and trends of boosting the photocatalytic efficiency of the BiOX materials. Finally, this insight discusses the existing issues and future perspectives of BiOX photocatalysts. (c) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs) represents a subclass of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), composed mainly of tetrahedrally coordinated transition metals. The aim of this review was to evaluate the experimental findings on the adsorption of different aqueous pollutants using ZIFs. ZIF adsorption mechanism was electrostatic attraction, pi-pi interaction and complexation though others were observed based on pollutant type and nature of the solution chemistry. Thermodynamic modelling revealed that ZIF adsorption is usually spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorbent can be re-used for 3-4 cycles with >70% retention of uptake performance. NaOH, methanol and ethanol were observed to be the more suitable and effective eluents for desorption of adsorbate from ZIF. The nature of the adsorbate and the type of uptake mechanism are the two key considerations in competitive adsorption systems. When the uptake mechanism of the main adsorbate species is different from that of the competing species, then the adsorption process is unaffected. Investigations on adsorbent disposal, targeted modification, functionalisation, emerging contaminants removal, column adsorption studies and molecular modelling would be needed to fill in gaps in knowledge in ZIF related studies. (C) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：This study aimed to treat toxic and refractory organic wastewater, and to address the limitations of Fenton method in treating organic wastewater, that the active components are easy to lose and usually operate at the pH value of 2 ti 3. In the present study, CuCe oxide catalyst was produced through citric acid-assisted complexation. Besides, the structural stability and catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) performance of the catalyst after 5 times of application were delved into by characterization. The effects of catalyst dosage and pH on quinoline removal were ascertained, while the reusability of the catalyst was explored. Moreover, the variations of pH, hydroxyl radical concentration and UV-Vis spectra in the reaction system were analyzed. The possible degradation pathway and the catalytic mechanism were also discussed. As suggested from the results, the catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity, structural sta-bility and pH adaptability; it also had high CWPO performance for quinoline at the pH from 3.8 to 10.5, and the pH value need not be regulated. Under optimal conditions, 98.1% of quinoline and 86.1% of total organic carbon (TOC) were removed. In the CWPO process of quinoline, the center dot OH attacked the nitrogen ring and the benzene ring in sequence. (c) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：The use of primary alcohols (such as methanol) in the production of hydrogen (H-2) has been spotlighted as one of the indispensable measures to pursue a greener economy. Here, we address some potential shortcomings concerning the production of H-2 based on aqueous methanol electrolysis in reference to steam methane reforming (SMR) as a mature commercial technology. After all, is SMR an economic and low-energy route for H-2 production? Is it feasible to use methanol to electrolytically generate H-2? The liquid-phase methanol-based hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at 335 K is an example of a potentially entropy driven reaction (exoergic, even though very endothermic) with a suitable catalyst using either ambient or waste heat. Further, would it be more efficient to use methane as a source of hydrogen via SMR or consume it directly as energy? The suitability of HER is assessed in the context of industrial energy analysis, thermodynamics, and sustainability. (C) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Blast furnace slag (BFS), as a byproduct from manufacturing iron, served as a cost-effective raw material for preparation of hydroxyapatite-zeolite composite material (HAP-ZE); this research introduces a way of synthesizing hydroxyapatite-zeolite composite material (HAP-ZE) using BFS with alkaline fusion and hydrothermal treatment. According to analysis with XRD, FT-IR, BET, ICP, FE-SEM, EDX and elemental mapping, the major phases in the HAP-ZE composite material synthesized under the most desirable conditions (at aging time of 6 h and at Ca/P ratio (starting gel) = 1.67) were identified to be zeolite and HAP with molar ratio of Ca/P = 1.61, Si/Al = 1.31, Na/Al = 1.75 and with a mean surface area of 44.22 m(2).g(-1). Moreover, the research found that the minor metals (Mg, Fe, K, etc.) generated from BFS have little influence on the synthesis of HAP-ZE. The thus obtained HAP-ZE material has a great adsorption performance in removing Mn2+, NH4+ and phosphate ions mixed in water, on grounds of the higher ion-exchange capacities and abundantly existing Ca2+ ions in HAP-ZE structure. This novel process makes synthesizing HAP-ZE composite material from BFS possible and lays a great foundation for effective application of BFS. (C) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：This study introduces a facile method for synthesizing covalently bonded magnetic carbon nanoparticles (MCNs) in which carboxylic acid-functionalized activated carbon nanospheres (ACN-COOH) are connected with amine-terminated iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) (Fe3O4-NH2) via a carbodiimide crosslinking reaction. The adsorption characteristics of the developed magnetic nanoparticles (ACN-Fe3O4) were investigated using a standard cationic dye (methylene blue, MB). Two additional MCNs (multi-core and core@shell structures) were also prepared, and their adsorption performances were extensively compared. The developed ACN-Fe3O4 material thoroughly utilizes the strengths of activated carbon and Fe3O4 themselves, exhibiting large specific surface areas (708.4 m(2)/g) and strong magnetic properties (40.3 emu/g), resulting in high adsorption capacity (349.5 mg/g) and recycling efficiency (76 % of adsorption performance after four cycles). In addition, a study of the mechanism reveals that pore-filling processes are dominant with minor contributions from electrostatic interactions, pi-pi interactions, and nit interactions. The developed covalently bonded magnetic carbon nanoparticles (ACN-Fe3O4) can thus be considered as competent adsorbents with the potential to compensate for the drawbacks of contemporary MCNs, such as, low adsorption capacity, and weak magnetic properties. (C) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Nugroho, Harbi SetyoRefantero, GemaSeptiani, Ni Luh WulanPrima, Eka Cahya...
28页
查看更多>>摘要：The increasing demand for energy in recent decades due to rapid industrial and population growth has resulted in a heavy dependence on non-renewable energy which leads to environmental problems. Solar energy has emerged as a promising candidate for renewable energy because its sources are unlimited and do not produce pollutants that damage the environment. Among the different kind of solar cells, CZTS(e) solar cells have the advantage of reaching the Shockley-Queisser limit (SQL) of 30.9% with low production costs, non-toxicity, and abundance of constituent elements. However, the current performance of CZTS(e) solar cells is still below the commercial performance standard of at least 20%. This review comprehensively addresses the limiting factors that prevent CZTS(e) solar cells from achieving commercial grade performance. The phenomenon behind the problem will be independently highlighted and explained how it affects performance. Then, various solving methods specific to each problem that have been carried out during the manufacturing process will be discussed. At the end of this review article, a comprehensive summary and view of the possible future prospects for the manufacture of high efficiency CZTS(e) solar cells are provided. (c) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：To make quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) competitive, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) comparable to other developing solar cells is required. Significant attention has been paid to undoped or nitrogen (N) doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) for use as sensitizers or light harvesters in solar cells. However, to our knowledge, the nitrogen and sulfur (S) co-doped CQDs (N, S-CQDs) have never been used as the absorbing layer alone. In the present work, we synthesize nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon quantum dots (N, S-CQDs) from a single precursor thioacetamide (TA), via a hydrothermal method. The as-prepared N, S-CQDs were employed as a "green" photoactive layer in TiO2 film, as photoanode. The solar cell delivered an open-circuit voltage (V-oc) of 0.43 V, short-circuit current (J(sc)) of 0.61 mA/cm(-2), fill factor (FF) of 52 %, and PCE of 1.36%; highest among all the carbon-based QDSCs. Moreover, Device-NS showed more stability over 48 h compared to Device-C and Device-N. Undeniably, the achieved PCE is not satisfactory; however, the upgraded device fabrication and structural design may improve PCE and current densities while sustaining the high open-circuit voltage. This study demonstrated the potential application of N, S-CQDs for low-cost, "green" quantum dot solar cell applications. (C) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：This work aims to synthesize neryl acetate from the nerol esterification reaction with acetic anhydride through heterogeneous catalysis using the ion exchange resin Lewatit (R) GF 101. The reaction was monitored by gas chromatography and the neryl acetate chemical structure was confirmed by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The variables effect on the neryl acetate synthesis was evaluated from an experimental design analysis. The reaction showed the highest combined values for nerol conversion (98.11%) and neryl acetate selectivity (86.10%) at 30 min within optimal experimental conditions of temperature at 40 degrees C, catalyst content at 7% wt, molar ratio at 1:4 (nerol: acetic anhydride), agitation speed at 250 rpm and nerol content at 3 mmol. The complete nerol conversion was achieved at 40 min with 82.34% selectivity. The reaction rate was controlled only by the nerol decay, an expected behavior due to the excess of acetic anhydride used. In addition, the value obtained for the main reaction kinetic constant found by a pseudo-homogeneous model was 6 times greater than that of the parallel reaction. The catalyst reuse was investigated and after 3 cycles a high conversion (96.68%) and selectivity (83.78%) were observed indicating a low loss of the catalytic activity. (C) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) microdisplays have attracted considerable attention owing to their low power consumption, rapid response, high contrast ratio, and self-luminescence. To expand the use of OLED microdisplays, high luminance and vivid color are required. Herein, we developed a highluminance, low-voltage, three-wavelength, top-emitting white OLED (WOLED) using a silicon substrate for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-based, full-color microdisplay applications. Optimal thickness of the emitting layer and thickness and position of the interlayer were determined to improve device performance. The device exhibited luminance of 4,200 cd/m2 at 3.3 V, and the maximum luminance reached 170,000 cd/m2 at 11.4 V. In addition, red, green, and blue color filters were deposited onto the WOLED after the thin-film encapsulation process to verify feasibility of the device for full-color microdisplay applications. The color gamut of the developed WOLED with color filters was 136% compared to sRGB. The maximum luminance and color gamut of the developed device is among the highest values obtained to date for OLED microdisplays. (c) 2021 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights
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