查看更多>>摘要：The textile effluent has an unfavorable effect on the waterbodies as well as on the human health due to the poor penetration of light by increased turbidity and higher oxygen demands. Therefore, the treatment of dye-polluted wastewater is gaining an urgent attention. This review emphasizes on the sate-of-the-art technologies that have been developed for treating dye-polluted wastewater, including chemical, physical, and biological techniques alongside their benefits, challenges, and upcoming prospects. The study concludes that the single process alone may not be appropriate for the treatment of a range of dye polluted wastewaters and approaching the quality demands as these technologies requires more time and are complex. Literature exhibiting a range of approaches for treating large volumes of effluents without producing secondary pollutants are reviewed. Moreover, the ecological impact was among the main concern due to the loss of catalysts and the production of waste sludge. On the other hand, reusability and regeneration are the integrated strategies to deal with such limitations. This review also provides a detailed environmental and techno-economic analysis, life cycle assessment, and practical implications. Moreover, the key bottlenecks requiring a major consideration concerning the universal appreciation of hybrid frameworks are emphasized. (c) 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Sulfur affects fuel quality, and the burning of fuel containing sulfur compounds caused adverse effects on humans and the environment. Nowadays, research has shifted focus to the development of desulfurization technologies to cut the sulfur content to permissible limits for gasoline and diesel. Although various technologies developed for oil treatment in petrochemical industries are not very effective and unable to comply with the standard recommended values. In recent times, catalytic ODS has been identified as one of the most suitable, effective, and sustainable technology for deep desulfurization. The development of new emerging class of hybrid organic-inorganic compounds of POM@MOF demonstrated great potential as catalytic materials for ODS. This is due to the unique characteristics of high functionalization, stability, surface area, and porosity. This review provides an overview of sulfur-containing compounds in fuel and presents a critical analysis of desulfurization methods and applications. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of the recently developed strategies of POM@MOFs applications considering the emerging prospects and advantages to overcome the drawbacks of pristine POMs and MOFs. The operating parameters affecting catalytic activity have been discussed, and finally, the work provides future research directions to increase the catalytic performance of POM@MOFs materials in desulfurization technology. (c) 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Glushkova, D.Cholakova, D.Georgiev, M. T.Tcholakova, S....
9页
查看更多>>摘要：Lipid nanoemulsions and nanosuspensions are used as flavor carriers and bubble stabilizers in soft drinks and foods, as well as delivery vehicles for lipophilic drugs in pharmaceutics. Common techniques for their formation are the high-pressure and ultrasonic homogenizers. These techniques dissipate most of the input energy, which results in excessive heating and generation of free radicals that might modify sensitive ingredients. Low energy methods are also used in some applications, but they have specific limitations restricting their universal use. In the current study, we propose an alternative approach - a flow reactor with a variable temperature, which utilizes the lipids' polymorphic transitions to induce spontaneous fragmentation of the lipid microparticles into nanoparticles. The reactor allows us to obtain emulsions or suspensions with particle diameters tunable between 20 and 800 nm when appropriate surfactants, temperature profiles, and flow rates are applied. The fragmentation is comparable to that in a high-pressure homogenizer at ca. 500 bars or higher, without creating emulsion overheating or cavitation typical for the conventional methods. The flow reactor can be scaled up to industrial applications using simple scaling rules. CO 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Dynamic behaviors of droplets in asymmetric unilateral Y-junctions are experimentally studied. Three breakup regimes are categorized, namely no breakup, breakup with gaps and breakup with obstruction, and regime diagrams are constructed by the capillary number and the normalized droplet length. Influences of the bifurcation angle and the viscosity ratio on the two critical conditions between neighboring regimes are revealed. In particular, necking processes in the obstructed breakup regime are discussed and they are divided into three stages according to the evolution of the thinning rate. At the two previous stages driven by the two-phase flow, the necking processes show distinct characteristics under the influences of four different parameters, including capillary number, droplet length, viscosity ratio, and bifurcation angle, and the corresponding reasons are provided in detail. By contrast, the final pinch-off stage is driven by two different mechanisms depending merely on the physical properties of liquid systems. The neck collapsing of the low-viscosity droplet is driven by the potential flow while that of the high-viscosity droplet is driven by the two-fluid Stokes flow. Quantitative relations between the minimum neck width and the remaining time are built in the two situations and are found to coincide with the theoretical predictions, respectively. CO 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Lu, QuBalasoiu, MariaChoi, Hyoung JinAnitas, Eugen M....
9页
查看更多>>摘要：Four types of magnetorheological (MR) suspensions with four different amounts of iron oxide microfibers were prepared. Electrical devices made with these MR suspensions were introduced into a static magnetic field, being superimposed over AC field with a standard frequency of 1 kHz to measure their both equivalent electrical capacity and equivalent electrical resistance. The components of the complex dielectric permittivity obtained are influenced by the amounts of microfibers, and the relative dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss coefficient increase with magnetic field strength. The obtained effects are due to the species of iron oxides in the microfibers used in the manufacture of MR suspensions. The viscoelastic characteristics of MR suspensions were examined by steady shear flow and dynamic oscillatory tests using a rheometer under different magnetic field strengths. The Ms value of the iron micro-fibers was 22:7 Am2 kg , and the shear stress curves were fitted well using Herschel-Bulkley equation to find the yield stress, which was up to 98 Pa in a magnetic field of 257 kA/m.(C) 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：This study explored the feasibility of coupling N2O decomposition with ethylbenzene (EB) oxidative dehydrogenation, as an alternative approach for greenhouse gas elimination and styrene (ST) production, on the Co-Al mixed oxides and K-modified catalysts. It was found that N2O could decompose completely over the K/Co2AlO4 catalyst, accompanied with 62.0% of EB conversion and 85.1% of styrene selectivity, which were much better than the existing catalyst systems for EB oxidative dehydrogenation. Characterization results showed that despite the decreased specific surface area of the catalysts with increasing the Co/Al molar ratio, the improved reducibility, the reduced acid properties as well as the higher ratio of Co3+/Co2+ were responsible for the enhanced performance. The K modification not only changed the electronic properties of active metal, resulting from the charge transfer from K cation to the Co species, but also weakened the binding energy of Co3+-O-, leading to the complete decomposition of N2O. Furthermore, the optimized strong acid properties inhibited the dealkylation or ring-opening reactions and significantly reduced the coke deposition on the catalyst surface, thus improving the ST selectivity. (C) 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Yang, Nam GyuJeon, Sung JaeKim, Young HoonLee, Hyoung Seok...
9页
查看更多>>摘要：Operational stability of organic solar cells (OSCs) is a key issue for the commercialization. In order to enhance the stability of OSCs, various strategies are being used. In this study, pyrroles and isoindigo monomers with tert-butoxycarbonyl side chains were synthesized and used to prepare a D-A-type polymer, P(TBPyTBIID), via Stille coupling. The obtained polymer dissolved readily in organic solvents, such as chloroform. However, the formation of interchain hydrogen bonds after side-chain cleavage via thermal treatment rendered the resulting polymer insoluble in organic solvents. In addition, strong 1t center dot center dot center dot 1t stacking due to face-on orientation enabled dense packing of the structure, which led to an increase in resistances to organic solvents, acid, and ultraviolet (UV) light. P(TBPyTBIID) was introduced as a UV and external protective layer, along with silver nanoparticles, at the back surface of the glass substrate. The lightsoaking stability was enhanced without significantly reducing the efficiencies of the organic solar cells. This work indicates that introducing an UV blocking layer can be an effective strategy to increase the stability of organic solar cells.(c) 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Design and development superior electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to future construct a efficient overall water electrolyzer is imperative to relieve energy crisis. Herein, three-dimensional porous network of NiCoP nanosheets being covered by bimetallic phosphides nanoparticles with a ultra-small size of ti 7 nm anchored on nickel foam (NF) is synthesized via employing a low-cost hydrothermal and phosphorization reaction, which provides the numerous electrcatalytic active area and reactive sites, benefiting for HER behaviors. Additionally, a top-down structure of F-doped NiCo2Al-LDHs@ZnFeAl-LDHs (F-NC2AL@ZFAL) catalysts supported on NF is also fabricated by a two-step hydrothermal reaction, which could also provide promising OER performances. As expected, the as-prepared HER and OER catalysts manifest the lower overpotential of 58 and 177 mV at 10 mA cm-2 in 1 M KOH solution. Significantly, a overall water electrolyzer assembled by employing the as-prepared HER and OER catalysts displays the various cell voltages of 1.36, 1.55, 1.66, and 1.75 Vat the corresponding current densities of 10, 20, 50, and 100 mA cm-2, with the excellent durability for 22 h at 100 mA cm-2. The favorable electrocatalytic behaviors imply the great potential of as-prepared electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. (c) 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
查看更多>>摘要：Rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have recently received tremendous attention for large-scale electrochemical energy storage, but their poor cyclic stability and reversibility and low coulombic efficiency, which are mainly caused by dendrite issues and parasitic reactions of zinc (Zn) anode, prevent them from achieving their full potential. Herein, we investigated the use of ethylene carbonate (EC) as an electrolyte additive to improve the performance of ZIBs. The addition of 6% (w/v) EC substantially enhanced the firstcycle discharge capacity from 115 to 203 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1, while retaining this high discharge capacity (102% retention of the initial capacity) after 200 cycles, and from 43 to 54 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1 with 85% capacity retention after 1,000 cycles. The ex-situ characterizations and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis before and after Zn-MnO2 and Zn-Zn battery cycling suggested that the addition of EC could effectively suppress dendrite formation and parasitic reactions on the Zn anode, possibly via electrolyte/Zn anode interface film formation in the presence of EC. Moreover, the presence of EC made the MnO2 morphology more open and accessible. These led to substantial improvements in the rate performance and cyclability compared to the additive-free electrolyte. (c) 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Zoromba, M. Sh.Maddah, H. A.Abdel-Aziz, M. H.Al-Hossainy, Ahmed F....
19页
查看更多>>摘要：HCl doped-copolymer of ortho phenylene diamine and meta phenylene diamine was prepared by using oxidative polymerization method with ferric chloride as an oxidizing agent in the existence of sodium dedocyl sulphate as a soft template. The microporous structure thin films of hybrid copolymer/ZrO2 nanocomposite [copolymer/ZrO2]"C were fabricated using a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. The effect of addition of zirconium oxide nanoparticles [ZrO2]"Ps on the physical properties of the copolymer was discussed in the light of crystallinity and optical properties. The average crystallite size of [ZrO2]"Ps is around 40 nm. The copolymer showed an absorbance of 1.18 at the wavelength (k) 374 nm, which increased to 1.26 at k = 440 nm after glycine addition, also increased to 1.53 at k = 486 nm after [ZrO2]"Ps loading. Also, the significant changes in the absorption index and indirect/direct bandgap of the copolymer have been detected. The materials Studio 7.0 program on TDDFT/DMol3 was used to optimize the molecular structure and perform the frequency calculations for the crystal models and isolated molecules. The DFT-Gaussian09W-vibration values are quite similar to the experimental data either in the structure or in the optical properties. The improvements in optical properties were achieved and revealed the possibility of using the hybrid nanocomposite films in the polymers solar cell application. (c) 2022 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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