查看更多>>摘要：A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, herein described as Steinernema pui sp. n. was recovered from a soil sample collected from Xiao-jie town, Jing-hong city, Xi-shuang-ban-na district in Yunnan province, the People's Republic of China in December 2002. Both morphological and molecular evidence show congruently that S. pui sp. n. belongs to the S. glaseri group. It can be separated from all described Steinernema species by a combination of morphological and mor-phometrical characters of adultand juvenile stages, including spicule and gubernaculum shape of the first generation males (spicule bearing an aperture on the tip and an irregular-shaped concave on ventral side of the lamina close to the tip; gubernaculum with a short needle-shaped cuneus); the tail and vulva shape of the first generation females (tail conoid and pointed with a mucron; vulva with a short double flapped epiptygma) and the body and tail length, distance from anterior end to excretory pore and to the base of pharynx ofinfective juveniles. The new species can also be distinguished from other Steinernema species by DNA sequences of either a partial 28S rDNA or the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA, and from the closely related species S. longicaudum andS. guangdongense by cross-breeding tests.
查看更多>>摘要：A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, herein described as Steinernema pui sp. n. was recovered from a soil sample collected from Xiao-jie town, Jing-hong city, Xi-shuang-ban-na district in Yunnan province, the People's Republic of China in December 2002. Both morphological and molecular evidence show congruently that S. pui sp. n. belongs to the S. glaseri group. It can be separated from all described Steinernema species by a combination of morphological and mor-phometrical characters of adultand juvenile stages, including spicule and gubernaculum shape of the first generation males (spicule bearing an aperture on the tip and an irregular-shaped concave on ventral side of the lamina close to the tip; gubernaculum with a short needle-shaped cuneus); the tail and vulva shape of the first generation females (tail conoid and pointed with a mucron; vulva with a short double flapped epiptygma) and the body and tail length, distance from anterior end to excretory pore and to the base of pharynx ofinfective juveniles. The new species can also be distinguished from other Steinernema species by DNA sequences of either a partial 28S rDNA or the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA, and from the closely related species S. longicaudum andS. guangdongense by cross-breeding tests.
DAVID J. GOWERANNA PAPADOPOULOUTHOMAS M. DOHERTY-BONEFABIO PUPIN...
11页
查看更多>>摘要：Eight new specimens are reported for the caecilian amphibian Boulengerula fischeri, a species known in detail previously only from its holotype collected in 1987. The new material was collected at the type locality in Rwanda in 2009, and is used to expand and refine the morphological characterization of the species. Mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences were used to assess the phylogenetic position of B. fischeri in the context of a recent molecular phylogeny of six of the seven other species of Boulengerula (from Kenya and Tanzania). Among nominal species, only B. denhardti remains to be included in molecular phylogenetic studies of Boulengerula. Boulengerula is recovered as monophyletic, with either B. fischeri or (more probably) B. boulengerisister to all other sampled species. There are at least three deep lineages within Boulengerula: (1) B. boulengeri, (2) B. fischeri, and (3) all other Eastern Arc Mountain and Coastal Forest species from Kenya and Tanzania. The status of Afrocaecilia, agenus erected by Taylor in 1968 to contain all Boulengerula except B. boulengeri, is not yet resolved.
DAVID J. GOWERANNA PAPADOPOULOUTHOMAS M. DOHERTY-BONEFABIO PUPIN...
11页
查看更多>>摘要：Eight new specimens are reported for the caecilian amphibian Boulengerula fischeri, a species known in detail previously only from its holotype collected in 1987. The new material was collected at the type locality in Rwanda in 2009, and is used to expand and refine the morphological characterization of the species. Mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences were used to assess the phylogenetic position of B. fischeri in the context of a recent molecular phylogeny of six of the seven other species of Boulengerula (from Kenya and Tanzania). Among nominal species, only B. denhardti remains to be included in molecular phylogenetic studies of Boulengerula. Boulengerula is recovered as monophyletic, with either B. fischeri or (more probably) B. boulengerisister to all other sampled species. There are at least three deep lineages within Boulengerula: (1) B. boulengeri, (2) B. fischeri, and (3) all other Eastern Arc Mountain and Coastal Forest species from Kenya and Tanzania. The status of Afrocaecilia, agenus erected by Taylor in 1968 to contain all Boulengerula except B. boulengeri, is not yet resolved.
查看更多>>摘要：The endangered frog, Odorrana ishikawae (Anura, Ranidae), is a species endemic to the Amami and Okinawa Islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Segmentation of these islands has been considered to occur middle or upper Pleistocene. Our morphometricanalyses revealed obvious differences between the Amami and Okinawa populations. Two distinct morphotypes were also recognized from the Amami Island (Amami common and Amami large types). Furthermore, the Amami and Okinawa populations could be distinguished clearly by coloration and dorsal tuberculation. Based on 16S rRNA gene data, the Okinawa and Amami populations were phylogenetically separated but the genetic divergence (1.44-2.16%) was lower than the value suggested as species threshold in anurans (> 3% in 16S). Individuals of the Amami common and large types were nested within a single clade. Artificial hybridization experiments revealed normal hybrid viability between the two Amami types, with one exception. By contrast, between Okinawa females and two Amami type males, complete hybrid inviability was observed at early embryonic stages in the hybrids contrary to expectations from their low divergence in 16S. The reciprocal hybrids between two Amami type females and Okinawa males were viable, butspermatogenesis in the hybrid males showed some degree of abnormality. These results strongly indicate specific separation of the Amami population from the Okinawa population of O. ishikawae. Thus, we describe the Amami population as a new species, which is readily distinguishable from O. ishikawae by smaller ruggedly edged dorsal spots and an immaculate ventral surface.
查看更多>>摘要：The endangered frog, Odorrana ishikawae (Anura, Ranidae), is a species endemic to the Amami and Okinawa Islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Segmentation of these islands has been considered to occur middle or upper Pleistocene. Our morphometricanalyses revealed obvious differences between the Amami and Okinawa populations. Two distinct morphotypes were also recognized from the Amami Island (Amami common and Amami large types). Furthermore, the Amami and Okinawa populations could be distinguished clearly by coloration and dorsal tuberculation. Based on 16S rRNA gene data, the Okinawa and Amami populations were phylogenetically separated but the genetic divergence (1.44-2.16%) was lower than the value suggested as species threshold in anurans (> 3% in 16S). Individuals of the Amami common and large types were nested within a single clade. Artificial hybridization experiments revealed normal hybrid viability between the two Amami types, with one exception. By contrast, between Okinawa females and two Amami type males, complete hybrid inviability was observed at early embryonic stages in the hybrids contrary to expectations from their low divergence in 16S. The reciprocal hybrids between two Amami type females and Okinawa males were viable, butspermatogenesis in the hybrid males showed some degree of abnormality. These results strongly indicate specific separation of the Amami population from the Okinawa population of O. ishikawae. Thus, we describe the Amami population as a new species, which is readily distinguishable from O. ishikawae by smaller ruggedly edged dorsal spots and an immaculate ventral surface.
查看更多>>摘要：Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov. (Crustacea: Copepoda: Calaniformes) is described from the Chesapeake Bay, USA. The new species belongs to the Atlantic clade of the Eurytemora affinis complex outlined by previously published molecular work but poorly characterized morphologically. To discriminate E. carolleeae we compare specimens from the Atlantic USA clade with specimens from the type population of E. affinis (Poppe, 1880) from the Elbe River Estuary (Germany), as well as with eight other European coastal populations. Several important morphological characters clearly separate the North American E. cf affinis from the European clade that include both sexes: a large outside orientated dent on the mandible, and clearly observable seta segmentation inthe caudal rami and swimming legs. Unlike E. affinis, the newly described species possesses wing-like outgrowths on the genital double-somite and a very small spine near the distal seta insertion point in P5 in females. In males, the specific charactersinclude naked dorsal and ventral sides of the caudal rami, and a cylindrical shape of exopod on the left P5, in contrast to a triangular shape of the segment in E. affinis. The new species was also found in Canada (St. Lawrence Estuary) and as an invasive species in the Baltic Sea. Eurytemora carolleeae is possibly widely distributed along the North American Atlantic coast, as well as in inland waters from Great Lakes to Mexico.
查看更多>>摘要：Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov. (Crustacea: Copepoda: Calaniformes) is described from the Chesapeake Bay, USA. The new species belongs to the Atlantic clade of the Eurytemora affinis complex outlined by previously published molecular work but poorly characterized morphologically. To discriminate E. carolleeae we compare specimens from the Atlantic USA clade with specimens from the type population of E. affinis (Poppe, 1880) from the Elbe River Estuary (Germany), as well as with eight other European coastal populations. Several important morphological characters clearly separate the North American E. cf affinis from the European clade that include both sexes: a large outside orientated dent on the mandible, and clearly observable seta segmentation inthe caudal rami and swimming legs. Unlike E. affinis, the newly described species possesses wing-like outgrowths on the genital double-somite and a very small spine near the distal seta insertion point in P5 in females. In males, the specific charactersinclude naked dorsal and ventral sides of the caudal rami, and a cylindrical shape of exopod on the left P5, in contrast to a triangular shape of the segment in E. affinis. The new species was also found in Canada (St. Lawrence Estuary) and as an invasive species in the Baltic Sea. Eurytemora carolleeae is possibly widely distributed along the North American Atlantic coast, as well as in inland waters from Great Lakes to Mexico.
查看更多>>摘要：Bonfitto & Morassi (2004) described Crassispira (Crassispirella) tuckeri based on Recent material from Muqdisho, Somalia. Crassispira tuckeri, however, was first proposed by Le Renard (1994) as a new name for Pleurotoma dubia Deshayes, 1835, a MiddleEocene species from France, a homonym of Pleurotoma dubia Cristofori & Jan, 1832. Additionally, no potentially valid synonyms are available for Crassispira (Crassispirella) tuckeri Bonfitto & Morassi, 2004 (ICZN Art. 60.2). Thus, in accordance with Article 60.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999), a replacement name for Crassispira (Crassispirella) tuckeri Bonfitto & Morassi, 2004 is required.
查看更多>>摘要：Bonfitto & Morassi (2004) described Crassispira (Crassispirella) tuckeri based on Recent material from Muqdisho, Somalia. Crassispira tuckeri, however, was first proposed by Le Renard (1994) as a new name for Pleurotoma dubia Deshayes, 1835, a MiddleEocene species from France, a homonym of Pleurotoma dubia Cristofori & Jan, 1832. Additionally, no potentially valid synonyms are available for Crassispira (Crassispirella) tuckeri Bonfitto & Morassi, 2004 (ICZN Art. 60.2). Thus, in accordance with Article 60.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999), a replacement name for Crassispira (Crassispirella) tuckeri Bonfitto & Morassi, 2004 is required.
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