查看更多>>摘要：Three species, Pardosa eskovi sp. nov. (Russia: Yakutia and Evenkia), P. logunovi sp. nov. (Mongolia and Russia: Altai and Tuva), and P. zyuzini sp. nov. (Mongolia and Russia: Altai, Tuva, Chita Area) are described. Redescriptions are provided for thewidely distributed P. tesquorum (Odenwall, 1901) (Siberian - Nearctic) as well as for P. mulaiki Gertsch, 1934 (western Nearctic) and P. tesquorumoides Song & Yu, 1990 (China and ?Mongolia). All species are assigned to the Holarctic Pardosa tesquorum group (westernmost records from the Polar Ural). Pardosa paratesquorum Schenkel, 1963 (China and Mongolia) is redescribed but excluded from the P. tesquorum group. Pardosa daqingshanica Tang, Urita & Song, 1994 is a junior synonym of P. paratesquorum.
查看更多>>摘要：Mikrogeophagus Meulengracht-Madsen, 1968 is the oldest available generic name that has Apistogramma ramirezi as type species. Papiliochromis Meulengracht-Madsen, 1975 is an objective junior synonym of Mikrogeophagus. Papiliochromis Kullander, 1977 isan objective junior synonym of Mikrogeophagus and an objective junior synonym and homonym of Papiliochromis Meulengracht-Madsen, 1975. The name Microgeophagus used in an aquarium book by Frey 1957 is a nomen nudum because it was not used as a valid name.Many usages of Microgeophagus are erroneous subsequent spellings of Mikrogeophagus. Pseudogeophagus used by Hoedeman 1969 and Pseudoapistogramma used by Axelrod 1971 are nomina nuda. Mikrogeophagus, Microgeophagus, Pseudogeophagus, and Pseudoapistogramma were proposed with a direct or inferred reference to a non-existent publication about the behaviour of A. ramirezi. The case of A. ramirezi suggests that ornamental fish magazines may be unreliable sources of nomenclatural information.
查看更多>>摘要：Recent expeditions around New Zealand have revealed a surprising diversity of carnivorous sponges (Demospongiae, Po-ecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae). This is especially true for the Macquarie Ridge to the southwest of New Zealand, with high numbers of new species recently recorded. In this work we describe a new genus and species of Cladorhizidae Dendy, 1922 from the Macquarie Ridge, Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., which has also, surprisingly, been found in the deep Atlantic off the coast ofPatagonia. In addition to the mycalostyles and sigmancistras typical of Cladorhizidae, this presumably carnivorous species is characterized by the presence of toxas, microxeas, and a new type of spicule termed 'cercichelae' hereafter. The new genus Cercicladia gen. nov. has been named for these spicules, which resemble the shuttle-shaped chelae of Cercidochela lankesteri Kirkpatrick, 1907, now synonymised with Isodictya Bowerbank, 1864. The specimens from these disjunct locations are almost identical, except for the presence of acanthosubtylostyles in a few specimens from Patagonia.
查看更多>>摘要：The validity and authorship of Parapercis elongata are discussed. Although Fourmanoir (1967) has been considered to be the author of P. elongata, Fourmanoir (1965) satisfies the nomenclatural requirements associated with the availability of species names and P. elongata Fourmanoir, 1965 has priority overP elongata of Fourmanoir, 1967. Although the holotype of P. elongata was not able to be conclusively determined, no significant differences were recognized between the original description of P. elongata and the holotype and non-types of Parapercis alboguttata (Günther, 1872). Accordingly, P. elongata Fourmanoir, 1965 is determined to be a junior synonym of P. alboguttata.
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