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Journal of Human Evolution
Academic Press Inc.
Journal of Human Evolution

Academic Press Inc.

0047-2484

Journal of Human Evolution/Journal Journal of Human EvolutionAHCISCISSCIISSHP
正式出版
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    Respect for males amid suppression of females: Selective use of aggression and fitness correlates in the male-dominated society of hamadryas baboons

    Evans, Katarina D.Swedell, LarissaChowdhury, Shahrina
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas) are a useful model for human social evolution for multiple reasons, including their multilevel society, intense cross-sex bonds, and intermale tolerance. Their most stable social grouping, the one-male unit (OMU)-comprising a leader male, females, and sometimes follower males-is formed via successive takeovers of individual females by males. While takeovers occur via both aggressive and non-aggressive mechanisms, aggressive herding is common during and after takeovers and appears crucial in maintaining OMUs. Here we use behavioral and demographic data from Filoha, Ethiopia to examine the relationship between aggressive takeovers and fitness correlates. We found no relationship between a male's percentage of takeovers that were aggressive and his presumed number of infants sired, nor his number of females or followers. However, we did find that a leader male's average intensity of aggression toward both other males and females around the time of a takeover was negatively related to his presumed number of infants sired. In addition, a leader male's average intensity of aggression toward other males was negatively related to his maximum number of followers. Finally, leader males exhibited more intense aggression toward females in interband, compared to intraband, takeovers. Our findings suggest that (1) leader males who limit their aggression toward other males may have greater success in attracting followers, thereby increasing their fitness via enhanced defense of the OMU; (2) exceptionally aggressive takeovers may lead to lower birth rates via female reproductive suppression; and (3) the extent to which males use aggression toward females depends on the context in which the takeover occurs. Overall, these results both suggest that hamadryas males use aggression selectively and underscore the ubiquity of intermale tolerance and female suppression in the hamadryas social system. This study lends insight into the interplay between male-female and male-male social dynamics during human evolution.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A fistful of fossils: The rise and fall of the Orce Man and the politics of paleoanthropological science

    Alba, David M.
    7页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Direct cosmogenic nuclide isochron burial dating of early Acheulian stone tools at the T69 Complex (FLK West, Olduvai Bed II, Tanzania)

    Fujioka, ToshiyukiBenito-Calvo, AlfonsoMora, RafaelMcHenry, Lindsay...
    8页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Cochlear morphology of Indonesian Homo erectus from Sangiran

    Urciuoli, AlessandroKubat, JulideSchrenk, FriedemannZipfel, Bernhard...
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：Homo erectus s.l. is key for deciphering the origin and subsequent evolution of genus Homo. However, the characterization of this species is hindered by the existence of multiple variants in both mainland and insular Asia, as a result of divergent chronogeographical evolutionary trends, genetic isolation, and interbreeding with other human species. Previous research has shown that cochlear morphology embeds taxonomic and phylogenetic information that may help infer the phylogenetic relationships among hominin species. Here we describe the cochlear morphology of two Indonesian H. erectus individuals (Sangiran 2 and 4), and compare it with a sample of australopiths, Middle to Late Pleistocene humans, and extant humans by means of linear measurements and both principal components and canonical variates analyses performed on shape ratios. Our results indicate that H. erectus displays a mosaic morphology that combines plesiomorphic (australopithlike) features (such as a chimplike round cochlear cross section and low cochlear thickness), with derived characters of later humans (a voluminous and long cochlea, possibly related to hearing abilities)dconsistent with the more basal position of H. erectus. Our results also denote substantial variation between the two studied individuals, particularly in the length and radius of the first turn, as well as cross-sectional shape. Given the small size of the available sample, it is not possible to discern whether such differences merely reflect intraspecific variation among roughly coeval H. erectus individuals or whether they might result from greater age differences between them than currently considered. However, our results demonstrate that most characters found in later humans were already present in Indonesian H. erectus, with the exception of Neanderthals, which display an autapomorphic condition relative to other Homo species.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Flake tools in the European Lower Paleolithic: A case study from MIS 9 Britain

    Rawlinson, AaronDale, LukeAshton, NickBridgland, David...
    23页
    查看更多>>摘要：Studies of flake tools in the British Lower Paleolithic are rare owing to lower quantities of flake tools than handaxes and the perception that flake tool technology became more important in the succeeding Middle Paleolithic. In Britain, and Europe more broadly, MIS 9 (328-301 ka) has been characterized as a period of technological transition owing to the presence of early prepared core technology and the status of the period as the final interglacial prior to the onset of the Middle Paleolithic. It has been argued that the period demonstrates an increase in both the numbers and importance of flake tools, possibly showing emerging Middle Paleolithic behaviors. This study presents the results of a technological examination of flake tools in Britain during MIS 9, focusing on 25 sites, including 15 assemblages previously recorded as having higher quantities of flake tools. We use these assemblages to assess whether the flake tools of MIS 9 represent a transition toward the technology of the Middle Paleolithic. We consider factors including collection history, site formation, function, reduction, and cultural groups. We argue that in Britain the archaeological record of MIS 9 does not show an increase in the use of flake tools and demonstrates more continuity than change in relation to earlier periods of the Lower Paleolithic. There is a technological background of ad hoc retouch of simple flake tools with occasional evidence of more invasively retouched scrapers. Furthermore, aside from the introduction of Levallois technology, flake tools change little in the Early Middle Paleolithic. These results are contextualized within the broader evidence from Europe and comparisons to the longer sequences at key sites. We conclude that the major changes in technology began between MIS 13 and MIS 11 and these merely became cemented during MIS 9 and the following Middle Paleolithic. (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    New fossils of Australopithecus anamensis from Kanapoi, West Turkana, Kenya (2012-2015) (vol 140, 102368, 2020)

    Ward, Carol V. K.Plavcan, J. MichaelManthi, Fredrick K.
    1页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Phylogenetic analysis of Middle-Late Miocene apes

    Pugh, Kelsey D.
    33页
    查看更多>>摘要：Despite intensive study, many aspects of the evolutionary history of great apes and humans (Hominidae) are not well understood. In particular, the phylogenetic relationships of many fossil taxa remain poorly resolved. This study aims to provide an updated hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships for Middle-Late Miocene fossil apes, focusing on those taxa typically considered to be great apes. The character matrix compiled here samples 274 characters from the skull, dentition, and postcranium. Multiple iterations were performed to examine the effects of ingroup taxon selection, outgroup constraints, treatment of continuous data, character partitions (craniodental, postcranial), and missing data. Parsimony and Bayesian methods were used to infer phylogenetic relationships. Most European hominoids (Hispano-pithecus, Rudapithecus, Dryopithecus, Pierolapithecus) are recovered as stem hominids, not more closely related to orangutans or to African apes and humans (Homininae), whereas Ouranopithecus, Graecopithecus, and Nakalipithecus are inferred to be members of the hominine clade. Asian fossil hominoids, with the exception of Lufengpithecus hudienensis, are recovered as part of the orangutan clade (Ponginae). Results suggest that Kenyapithecus and Griphopithecus are possible stem hominids, whereas Equatorius and Nacholapithecus are consistently recovered as stem hominoids. Oreopithecus and Samburupithecus are not recovered as hominids. Results of Bayesian analyses differ from those of parsimony analyses. Craniodental and postcranial character partitions are incongruent in the placement of hylobatids, which is interpreted as evidence that hylobatids and hominids independently evolved adaptations to suspensory positional behaviors. An understanding of phylogenetic relationships is necessary to address many of the questions asked in paleoanthropology. Thus, the updated hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships presented here can be used to gain a better understanding of important morphological transitions that took place during hominid evolution, ancestral morphotypes at key nodes, and the biogeography of the clade. (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier