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Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy
American Scientific Publishers
Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy

American Scientific Publishers

1556-6560

Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy/Journal Journal of Biobased Materials and BioenergySCIISTP
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    Environmental and Economic Impacts of Biomass Liquid Fuel Conversion and Utilization-A Review

    Chen, ZhuoLei, TingzhouWang, ZhiweiLi, Xueqin...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Biomass liquid fuel, one of the most important renewable fuels, plays a key role in the energy development. This paper reviews the research progress in biomass liquid fuel conversion and utilization, environmental impact, and economic analysis. The application research of biomass liquid fuel currently focuses on the evaluation of substitution and emission reduction effect of a single component on fossil energy. While most studies confirm that biomass liquid fuel can reduce greenhouse gas emission and current energy shortage problems, the large-scale cultivation and use of energy crops may induce negative environmental impacts. And although second-generation biomass liquid fuel base on agricultural residues have potential development and considerable economic feasibility compared to fossil fuel, technological breakthroughs are required to reduce production costs and achieve large-scale promotion and application. Technological breakthroughs in the multi-product comprehensive utilization of biomass liquid fuel, raw material plants in the environment, establishIP: 14 98 160 66 On: Thu, 09 Jun 2022 07:21:38 and economic quantification of ecological benefits will drive American Scientific Publishers p research directions in the future.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Excellent and Rapid Detections of Pyrolytic Characteristics and Activation Energy of Corn and Wheat Straw Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

    Xue, JunjieMei, JiaqiHan, LujiaDong, Changqing...
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study is supposed to measure the varied pyrolytic parameters of corn and wheat straw rapidly using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). The pyrolytic parameters include starting temperature, ending temperature, mass loss ratio, devolatilization peak rate and the corresponding temperature and activation energy. The pyrolytic parameters are calculated using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) data. Then the Near Infrared (NIR) spectra of sample are collected using PerkinElmer (PE) spectrometer. Finally, the prediction model was developed using chemometrics method with the help of Matlab. The results show NIRS is feasible to predict the total mass loss ratio, starting temperature, ending temperature and peak temperature perfectly under all of the three different heating rates, with the relative standard deviation (RSD) being smaller than 2.86%. The NIRS can predict the mass loss ratio and peak rate well under all of the three different heating rates, with the RSD being smaller than 9.62%. The accuracy of the models of heating rate being 20 degrees C/min is apparently lower. In addition, the NIRS models can predict mean activation energy (Ea) and the Ea for the conversion ratio from 0.3 to 0.6 very well, with the RSD value being smaller than 10%.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Transcriptome Analysis of Biocontrol Strain Bacillus subtilis Pro-2 and Its Mutants

    Li, QingNdayambaje, Jean PierreQian, XuJin, Leilei...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：To enhance the antagonistic ability against tobacco bacterial wilt, physical mutagenesis was in this study induced using nitrogen ion beam irradiation, and resulting mutant strain K60 of Bacillus subtilis Pro-2 effectively controlled Ralstonia solanacearum. Through transcriptome sequencing, a total of 1291 significantly different genes were screened, including 424 up-regulated genes and 867 down-regulated genes. After enrichment by GO and KEGG metabolic pathways, there were more differential genes enriched in lipopeptide metabolic pathways. The analysis of significantly changed differential genes showed that, among the three common lipopeptide antibacterial substances of Bacillus (surfactin, iturin and fengycin), the synthetic surfactin genes were significantly increased (P < 0.01). According to transcriptome data, the srfA gene, which is related to surfactin synthetase, had very significant change in transcription (P < 0.01), and transcription of two regulatory factors (Rap, CodY) related to srfA gene expression were reduced, with CodY being significantly downIP: 14.98.160.66 On: Thu, 09 Jun 2022 07:22:37 regulated at the transcriptionlevel.Copyright: American Scientific Publishers
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Cytological Observation and Candidate Gene Identification of a Female Semi-Sterile Rice Mutant

    Wang, ZhongniLuo, QinhuanWu, XianLong, Sifang...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Rice is an important staple crop, and fertilization has a very important role in the production of high-yield and well-quality hybrid of rice. The abnormal development of female gametes will lead to a significant decrease in rice yields. Due to the complex mechanism of female gamete development, the molecular mechanism of female sterility has not made a breakthrough. In this study, one semi-sterile mutant m21 and its fifth generation of backcross material (WZN58 and WZN68) were used as materials, and the phenotypic observation and cytological observation of embryo sac development were performed. Moreover, the pollen viability was evaluated by iodine potassium iodide (I2-KI) staining. Bulked-segregant analysis (BSA) re-sequencing and transgenic analysis were further applied to investigate the molecular mechanism of semi-sterile phenotype. These results demonstrated that male gamete developmet was normal, while the abnormality of the mutant was IP: 14.98.160.66 On: Thu, 09 Jun 2022 07:22:47 caused by the abnormal development of female gamte. Among 112 candidate genes detected by BSA, one gene Os10g0506000 was idntified responsible for the semi-sterile phenotype of m21 mutant. This study provides an ideal material and candidate gene for rice female fertility analysis.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Effect of Some Growth Stimulants and Different Levels of Potassium and Biofertilizer on Growth Aspects, Bulb Yield and Quality Attributes of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

    Mohamed, Mostafa H. M.Eid, Rania S. M.Ali, Maha M. E.Mohamed, Ibrahim...
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most widely cultivated species of the Allium genus. Onion is rich in many vital nutrients and sulfur (S)-containing several compounds important for human health. Recently, Allium species requirements have gained special attention in this special time due to its export importance. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of the recommended dose of potassium (100% KRD) against three lower levels of potassium mixed with Bacillus circulans, potassium solubilizing bacteria (80% KRD + biofertilizer, 60% KRD + biofertilizer or 40% KRD + biofertilizer, as well as foliar applications of copper (Cu), boron (B) or putrescine (Put) that have great impacts on yield, quality and onion attributes.The highest level of potassium (100% KRD) resulted in the highest growth parameters and the richest leaves content in N, P, K, S, B, Cu, and carbohydrates, yield, as well as the best quality parameters of bulbs. All growth and yield parameters decreased gradually with reducing the levels of K fertilization. Foliar spraying of Cu, B, and Put combined with all different levels of K fertilizer improved all plant parameters. The highest impact on plant growth was due to Put followed by B at all levels of soil fertilization. Plants that were exogenously sprayed with Put and B exhibited an increase in N, P, K, B, and carbohydrates under different levels of fertilizers, while foliar application with Cu highly increased S and Cu in onion leaves with all levels of K fertilization. The combined treatment of B and all different levels of K fertilizer considerably improved all yield measurements, except with allyl propyl disulfide, which estimated a highly significant increase with Put foliar application coupled with 40% KRD +Bio. In a nutshell, exogenous Put, B, and Cu foliar applications on onion plants increased bulb yield and its quality attributes with the recommended level of potassium or lower recommended levels of K mixed with biofertilizer.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Species Identification and Phylogenetic Reconstruction in Acer Linn. by Restriction Site-Associated DNA Sequencing

    Lin, LiLin, LejingZhu, ZhiyongDing, Yulong...
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Acer Linn. is a genus with high variation in species morphology in Sapindaceae, its phylogeny and intrageneric classification remain undefined. Here, 93 samples including 1 Dipteronia species and 52 Acer species were used for restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). The basic characteristics were evaluated, and the high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were used for genotyping, clustering and phylogenetic tree construction. The results showed that 12 sections of Acer was monophyletic except section Lithocarpa; it was supported to classify A. wardii into section Macrantha and become one series; it was supported to combine section Pentaphylla and section Trifoliata.It was not supported to revise A. yangjuechi and A. olivaceum IP: 14.98.160.66 On: Thu, 09 Jun 2022 07:23:14 into A. miaotaiense and A. elegantulum, respectively. The systematic relationships of some taxa of Acer was clarified based on population gentic structure anlysis, PCA clustering and phylogenetic tree analysis, and the origin, evolution and distribution of some taxa of Acer were also discussed in combination with data such as morphological characteristics, fossil evidence, and distribution information of Acer. The results confirmed that SNP data generated by RAD-seq can be used for species identification and phylogenetic analysis of Acer. It also indicated that it is feasible in complex group classification and phylogenetic studies.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Morphologic and Molecular Evaluation of Papaya Strains (Carica papaya L.) Under Mediterranean Conditions

    Hassan, Khairy H. A.Abd-Elkawy, M. M. A.Sami, RokayyaAl Masoudi, Luluah M....
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Papaya is high in nutrients, delicious flavours, and potent antioxidants like lycopene; all of these bio constituents may reduce the risk of a variety of ailments, particularly those associated with ageing, such as heart disease and cancer. The papaya (Carica papaya L.) despite having a lengthy farming history and important germplasm, little is known about its genetic basis and variety. In response to environmental changes, the results of papaya strain diversity show variation in yield, vegetative traits, morphological characteristics of flowers, fruits, and leaves. To characterise the genetic assessment, morphological, agronomical traits, and an inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular marker were studied across 9 papaya strains. For the past three decades, DNA Molecular markers have been used. The DNA contours provide data on the strains, display the entire genome, and showing difference in both the encrypting and non-encrypting regions, as well as polymorphism. A mix of morphologic, chemical, and molecular characteristics of papaya strains can be used to well measure the degree of variety and correlation among papaya strains. The primers UBC812 and UBC825 performed the best for identifying and estimating the diversity of papaya accessions, followed by UBC864, UBC809, UBC811 and HB-13. The 9 papaya strains were classified into two clusters using UPGMA cluster analysis and a similarity coefficient obtained from ISSR markers. Among the nine papaya strains, the pair S3 and S7 had the highest similarity (0.97). The morphological characteristics are similar to molecular analysis. This work provided a quick and steadfast method for estimating variability among different Papaya strains, which breeders could use to improve papaya.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Application of Combining Weighting and Efficacy Coefficient in Cigarette Physical Quality Evaluation

    Qi, LinYang, JingjinTang, XishuLi, Yuan...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Cigarettes are the ultimate consumer products of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), and the physical indexes directly affect the stability of product quality. In order to objectively evaluate the quality stability of cigarette products, a novel method combined weighting and efficacy coefficient is established to assess the stability of cigarette physical quality, and the weight calculated by the efficacy coefficient method is normalized to the comprehensive scores. Meanwhile, this method has also been used to evaluate the rationality of key parameters of the rolling machine. The results show that the comprehensive scores calculated via the combined weighting method (CWM) exhibit the satisfied linear relationship with the production qualification rate (R = 0.9190), demonstrating this CWM could organically integrate the subjective and objective weights, which also objectively consider the decision makers' preferences as well as the inherent regulations between acquired data. In actual production, the obtained comprehensive scores can reflect the overall quality level of cigarette products as the changes of operation groups, equipment units, and operation parameters. The appropriate parameters of guide plate height and accelerator roller interval should be controlled at the range of 61 similar to 67 mm and 0.25 similar to 0.65 mm, respectively. In conclusion, these further indicate that the novel combined weighting and efficacy coefficient methods show a better superiority for objectively evaluating cigarette quality and offering evidence for parameters optimization.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Biomaterials in Preventing Sports Injury in Sports Training

    Chen, LiangQi, XinPeng, ZhiRen, Ping...
    5页
    查看更多>>摘要：Adhesion after a sports injury is a complex problem that has plagued the recovery of sports injury for a long time, directly affecting the average performance of sports training and sports technology. Biological materials have noticeable effects in preventing adhesion and promoting healing after sports injuries. The thesis analyzes the physical and chemical properties and biological, histological properties of human hair keratin/silk fibroin composite biomaterials. And it was applied to the biological tissues of rabbits injured by sports. Studies have shown that human hair keratin/silk fibroin composite biomaterials have ideal biocompatibility and degradation rates. The composite material can effectively treat sports injuries caused by sports training.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers

    Compatibility of Engine Oil Viscosity Improver and Biodiesel Fatty Acid Methyl Ester

    Wang, JiuChen, Ni-ChengHe, Tian-XiChen, Bo-Shui...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：The present work focused on the compatibility of a popular engine oil viscosity improver polymethacrylate (PMA) and a biodiesel fatty acid methyl ester methyl oleate (MO). Thermal oxidation operations of blends of PMA, MO and a mineral base oil were performed for evaluating the interactions between PMA and MO. The viscosity and viscosity index of fresh and oxidized blends were determined and calculated. Thereafter the chemical compositions of oxidized blends were characterized by a gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer. Results showed that viscosities of the blends increased after oxidation, and the increases in viscosity after oxidation for blends containing MO were greater than those for blends without MO. Furthermore, PMA was substantially efficient in improving viscosity index of both fresh and oxidized blends with and without MO, although viscosity index of blends slightly declined with increasing concentrations of MO in a blend. Finally, chemical species of methacrylates were generated in the oxidation processes of blends, despite whether or not there was MO in the blends. The present results preliminarily demonstrated that direct chemical interactions between PMA and MO were unobvious, and confirmed that PMA was well compatible with MO in viscosity index improvement.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Amer Scientific Publishers