查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier Inc.The publisher regrets that an error occurred in the representation of the title of the above published paper. It is now represented correctly above. We apologise for any inconvenience caused.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier Inc.The authors regret that an error occurred in Figure 3. The affected figure, figure caption, and credit line is now reproduced correctly below:[Formula presented] An error also occurred in Reference 50. The affected reference is now reproduced correctly below: Wilder BG. On a seldom-described artery (a. termatica), with suggestions to the names of the principal encephalic arteries. American Neurological Association 11th Annual Meeting, pp 348-349. J Nerv Ment Dis 1885; xii (3):316-369. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused. Michael T. Lawton, MD, On behalf of all authors Phoenix, Arizona
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 Elsevier Inc.Objective: Preoperative embolization for intracranial meningiomas can cause tumor necrosis, reduce intraoperative blood loss, and facilitate surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of tumor embolization using Embosphere microspheres for skull base meningiomas and analyze postembolization plain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to identify findings that could potentially predict treatment response. Methods: Between April 2014 and April 2020, 80 patients with skull base meningiomas presenting at our medical center underwent embolization with Embosphere microspheres. The effects of tumor embolization were evaluated through a comparison of postembolization plain CT and contrast-enhanced MRI. Results: A total of 143 vessels (102 of 108 external carotid artery branches and 41 of 65 internal carotid artery branches) from 80 skull base meningiomas were embolized with Embosphere microspheres. Microspheres 100–300 μm in size were used in 2 cases, microspheres 300–500 μm in size were used in 12 cases, and microspheres 500–700 μm in size were used in 66 cases. Postembolization contrast-enhanced MRI showed reductions in enhancing lesions within the tumor in 55 of 80 cases. Postembolization plain CT scans showed high-density lesions within the tumor in 41 of 55 cases. Thus, reductions in enhancing lesions on postembolization contrast-enhanced MRI were statistically significantly associated with the presence of high-density lesions on postembolization plain CT (P < 0.001). Embolization-related neurological complications occurred in 3 cases. Conclusions: Embosphere microspheres are user friendly and effective embolic materials for the embolization of skull base meningiomas. Postembolization contrast-enhanced MRI and plain CT findings may be useful for evaluating the effects of tumor embolization.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The AuthorsBackground: We aimed to quantify the need for additional surgery in patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) primarily treated with dexamethasone and to identify patient characteristics associated with additional surgery. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from 283 patients with CSDH, primarily treated with dexamethasone, in 3 hospitals from 2008 to 2018. Primary outcome was the need for additional surgery. The association between baseline characteristics and additional surgery was analyzed with univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis and presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR). Results: In total, 283 patients with CSDH were included: 146 patients (51.6%) received 1 dexamethasone course (DXM group), 30 patients (10.6%) received 2 dexamethasone courses (DXM-DXM group), and 107 patients (37.8%) received additional surgery (DXM-SURG group). Patients who underwent surgery more often had a Markwalder Grading Scale of 2 (as compared with 1, aOR 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–4.65), used statins (aOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.01–4.33), had a larger midline shift (aOR 1.10 per mm; 95% CI 1.01–1.21) and had larger hematoma thickness (aOR 1.16 per mm; 95% CI 1.09–1.23), had a bilateral hematoma (aOR 1.85; 95% CI 0.90–3.79), and had a separated hematoma (as compared with homogeneous, aOR 1.77; 95% CI 0.72–4.38). Antithrombotics (aOR 0.45; 95% CI 0.21–0.95) and trabecular hematoma (as compared with homogeneous, aOR 0.31; 95% CI 0.12–0.77) were associated with a lower likelihood of surgery. Conclusions: More than one-third of patients with CSDH primarily treated with dexamethasone received additional surgery. These patients were more severely affected amongst others with larger hematomas.
查看更多>>摘要：? 2022 The AuthorsObjective: There is currently no effective treatment for spinal cord injuries (SCIs). Previous studies have shown that every-other-day fasting (EODF), a dietary restriction method, can reduce SCI size and promote motor function recovery, making it a potential novel treatment. However, the mechanism that underlies the positive impact of EODF on SCI remains unclear. Caspase-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis, which involve receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK), drive the loss of nerve cells and restrict motor function recovery after SCI. Dietary restriction has a significant inhibitory effect on Caspase and RIPK expression. This study aimed to investigate whether the EODF diet achieves a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting Caspase-dependent apoptosis and RIPK-dependent necroptosis after SCI. Methods: The model rats underwent EODF for 4 weeks before SCI or started EODF diet immediately after SCI. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analyses were used to assess the impact of the intervention on protein expression. Apoptosis in the spinal cord was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling. Results: Immunoblotting analysis results revealed that the levels of both RIPK1 and RIPK3 proteins in the injury zone were reduced at 6, 12, and 24 hours and at 3 and 7 days after SCI, respectively. Immunohistochemistry results showed that EODF reduced the expression of Caspase-3 and Bax proteins, while prophylactic EODF decreased the rate of apoptosis detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling within 3 days after SCI. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the mechanism by which EODF exerts neuroprotective effects may be related to the simultaneous inhibition of apoptosis and necroptosis in SCI.
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