查看更多>>摘要：Determining the lake levels is of paramount importance considering the environmental challenges encountered due to the global warming. The purpose of this study is to predict water level fluctuation of Lake Van using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). In addition, complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) method was adopted to the proposed model. The gravitational search algorithm (GSA) was utilised to tune the hyperparameters of XGBoost and the genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimisation (PSO) were used for benchmarking. The results showed that GSA-CEEMDAN-XGBoost model outperformed its counterparts, i.e., GA-CEEMDAN-XGBoost and PSO-CEEMDAN-XGBoost, according to the performance metrics.
查看更多>>摘要：Olives pomaces wastes (OPW) pyrolysis behaviour was studied using thermogravimetric analysis under inert conditions. Nitrogen flow effect on OPW thermal degradation was illustrated and discussed. Thermal residence time, peaks numbers, the maximum temperatures and the conversion rates were determined and compared. For 20 and 100 ml/min, a small peak appears at 110 degrees C, after 36 min of heating. It corresponds to the olives pomaces water evaporation. There are two major peaks in the derivative thermo-gravimetric curves. The first peak corresponds to the hemicelluloses thermal decomposition under pyrolysis conditions. The second peak corresponds to the cellulose and lignin thermal decompositions.
查看更多>>摘要：The weather related disasters are rising worldwide due to global warming. Nowadays, the countries are more vulnerable to climatic disasters and thus face more extensively the risk of loss of life and property. Natural disasters have been identified as major threats to human development. The present study attempts to identify the effect of natural disasters on the human development index (HDI). The sample consists of 30 countries from all over the world and data ranges from 1990 to 2018. We use the generalised method of moments (GMM) to estimate the model. The results indicate that disaster related vulnerability negatively affects HDI, wherein developing countries are more vulnerable than developed countries. However, countries with higher literacy rates, better institutions, higher per capita income, and a higher degree of openness to international trade are more able to absorb the climatic shock.
查看更多>>摘要：In this study, we establish an environmental DSGE model embodying carbon tax to compare the impact of technology and consumption shock on macro-environment and emission abatement of enterprises under carbon tax and non-tax scenario in China. The results show that the carbon tax policy will exert greater effect on technology and consumption shock. In carbon tax scenario, the economic expansion effect caused by a technology shock is likely to be dampened and emission abatement will increase. The response of emission abatement of enterprises in carbon tax scenario is contrary to that in non-tax scenario under a positive consumption shock.
查看更多>>摘要：Removing CO2 from the atmosphere by DAC, and then geologically storing it, or recycling it to renewable hydrogen-based fuels, is here discussed. The energy inputs for the capture of the atmospheric CO2 at the present concentration is similar to 45 GJ t(-1) of C, 4.28 times the energy produced by burning the best coal generating the captured CO2. Accounting for non-uniformities of atmospheric CO2 concentration and pointwise capture, the energy cost is larger, as the atmospheric CO2 concentration close to the DAC machines will reach values below the preindustrial level when the global average will be above. DAC as a way to control global concentrations of atmospheric CO2 is questionable, making this solution unattractive.
查看更多>>摘要：This article reviews loss-and-damage scholarship, to explore the potential impact of separating 'loss' and 'damage', both in the context of research and policy. A key result presented in the article is that treating 'loss' and 'damage' separately would be most beneficial with regard to loss, in that the political hurdles that currently mar the loss-and-damage debate mainly derive from disagreement over financing responsibilities with regard to damages, which unduly slows progress on the urgent task of understanding how to manage loss. In this context, the article provides elements for separate definitions of 'loss' and 'damage', and suggests a possible categorisation of loss-and-damage scholarship.
NSTL
Inderscience Enterprises Ltd