查看更多>>摘要：Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of an adapted compassion-focused therapy (CFT) group treatment programme for individuals with an intellectual disability (ID), specifically aimed to help address maladaptive conceptualisations of masculinity. Design/methodology/approach Outcome measurements were competed at pre- and post-group and the effectiveness of the intervention were assessed using a Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Findings Findings demonstrated that the treatment group showed significant differences in their "gender role conflict" subscales including the Success, Power, Control and "Restrictive Affectionate Behavior Between Men" subscales; however, no significant differences were found on the Restrictive Emotionality or Conflicts Between Work and Leisure subscales. Furthermore, no significant differences were found on participants psychological well-being, psychological distress, anxiety, self-compassion or quality of life measures. Research limitations/implications Limitations include that a lack of qualitative information regarding outcomes, a lack of control group and a small number of participants may have impacted the outcome of the research. Practical implications The Men's Masculinity group had a positive impact on the participant's sense of success, power and control, so it could be considered that this group enabled participants to feel more powerful and in control of their difficulties which is associated with the "drive" system of CFT. Originality/value Overall, this study adds to the small but growing literature that supports using CFT groups as a stand-alone psychological intervention when working with people with an ID.
查看更多>>摘要：Purpose The assessment for and diagnosis of personality disorder (PD) continue to be contentious, with many prominent practitioner psychologists arguing against this specific label and providing a credible alternative framework to psychiatric diagnosis more generally. This paper aims to summarise the literature and support practitioners identifying PD in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Design/methodology/approach Relevant National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance and literature were reviewed to provide a service position on the assessment and diagnosis of PD in people with ID. Findings For people with intellectual disabilities, the PD label can be even less robustly applied and may be even more pejorative and obstructive. That said, there are people for whom a PD diagnosis has clear clinical utility and opens access to suitable specialist services. Practical implications Evidence suggests that a diagnosis of PD can be both facilitative and obstructive, and the assessment and diagnosis process should, therefore, be undertaken with caution. Originality/value This paper presents an account of NICE guidance and evidence on the assessment and diagnosis of PD in people with intellectual disabilities.
查看更多>>摘要：Purpose The use of anti-dementia medication in people with intellectual disabilities has been controversial and requires additional research to assess the efficacy of such medications. An essential part of this treatment (both in terms of research and clinical practice) is having robust outcome measures to assess the efficacy of these medications for individuals. Currently there is no consensus in the UK regarding which outcome measures, in conjunction with clinical judgement, are effective in informing clinicians' decision-making regarding anti-dementia medication management and this paper aims to present useful outcome measures. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant outcome measures. Outcome measures focused on aspects of patients' presentation such as cognition, activities of daily living, neuropsychiatric presentation or the impact of their presentation (either on themselves, or on others). These outcome measures were critically appraised to ascertain their suitability in informing clinician's decisions regarding management of anti-dementia medication. The focus of this appraisal was on good quality measures that are practical and accessible and can be easily used within clinical NHS services. Findings This paper provides advice for clinicians on using appropriate outcome measures, depending on patients' presentations and the symptoms of dementia being targeted, that can be used alongside their clinical assessment to enhance their anti-dementia medication management. Two case studies are presented to illustrate the use of such outcome measures. Originality/value The case for using a range of assessments that are both broad in focus, and those specifically selected to measure the areas of functioning targeted by the anti-dementia medication, is presented.
Walker, Elysia MeganOlabi, YasmineRayner-Smith, Kelly
8页
查看更多>>摘要：Purpose Nursing teams supporting people with intellectual disabilities in inpatient settings are known to be vulnerable to burnout, compassion fatigue and vicarious trauma. Aspects such as resourcing, support, training and the fundamental challenges of supporting this patient group are known risk factors for these difficulties. The aim of this paper is to synthesise the literature on these issues and provide suggestions for operationalising solutions. Design/methodology/approach Literature on the experiences of nursing teams supporting people with intellectual disabilities in inpatient settings was considered, alongside the established offer of clinical psychologists working into these services. Findings There are common themes of staff's emotional health and the impact this can have on patient care and the steps that managers and organisations can take to support their teams to remain emotionally healthy, compassionate and effective practitioners. Clinical psychology can play a role in offering this support only where services and teams are aware of the contribution they can make. Originality/value Clinical psychology has been undersold and under-represented in inpatient settings for people with intellectual disabilities, and this practice paper outlines the important contributions that they can make to the psychological well-being of all within the system, not just patients.
查看更多>>摘要：Purpose The purpose of this study was to clarify the impact of adults with Down syndrome (DS) on COVID-19 and the status of efforts for new normal in Japan through a Web survey. Design/methodology/approach Parents' associations' representatives sent requests to members aged 18 years or older inviting them to participate in an Internet survey. A total of 141 people cooperated, and 126 people were included in the analysis. Findings As a result of examining the number of times the state of emergency was declared and its impact on COVID-19, the degree of anxiety felt when hearing information about new coronavirus infections on television or the internet was significantly higher in subjects for whom the state of emergency was declared four times than in subjects for whom the state of emergency was declared two and three times in the region. This was significantly higher than that of the subjects in the areas where the state of emergency had been declared four times and significantly lower than that of the subjects in the areas where the state of emergency had been declared one time for "smiling". The results suggest that the effects on physical and mental health, although limited, are influenced by the number of times the state of emergency was declared. From the analysis of the free text, it was inferred that some, but not all, of the subjects with DS, had their physical and mental state affected by COVID-19 to the extent that they required medical care. Originality/value This study clarified the psychosomatic effects of COVID-19 in people with DS in adulthood, which has not yet been fully clarified in the world. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study in Japan to clarify the physical and mental effects of COVID-19 on people with DS and the status of new normal initiatives.
NSTL
Emerald Group Publishing