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Nano Energy
Elsevier
Nano Energy

Elsevier

2211-2855

Nano Energy/Journal Nano EnergyEISCIISTP
正式出版
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    Tetrahedral DNA mediated direct quantification of exosomes by contact-electrification effect

    Miao, PengMa, XiaoyiXie, LingjieTang, Yuguo...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Exosomes are membrane-enclosed extracellular vesicles carrying multiple biomolecules for intercellular communications. Accurate detection of exosomes could provide critical clinical information and show great significance for early diagnosis and personalized therapy of cancer. In this work, we propose a triboelectric sensing strategy for direct quantification of exosomes based on the contact-electrification effect. The target exosomes can be selectively captured on the three-dimensional tetrahedral DNA (TDNA) monolayer. The electrons transfer between abundant amino groups from exosomes and the tribo-materials contribute to the measured signal. Due to the specific output characteristic, it is able to directly discriminate 3 exosomes /mu L with a linear range from 20 to 1000 exosomes/mu L, even without any signal amplification. The challenges for distinguishing different cell linederived exosomes and anti-interference in complicated biological serum systems show good performances. The presence of target exosomes can also be easily determined by visual observation of LED lighted by the generated electric energy. The proposed method can be used as a powerful tool for ultrasensitive analysis of exosomes, which is expected to have broad biological and analytical applications.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Near-infrared absorbing polymer acceptors enabled by selenophene-fused core and halogenated end-group for binary all-polymer solar cells with efficiency over 16%

    Fan, QunpingFu, HuitingLuo, ZhenghuiOh, Jiyeon...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Due to the vigorous development of polymerized small-molecule acceptors (PSMAs), all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) have made tremendous advancement recently. However, their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) are still restricted by the lack of PSMAs with desirable optoelectronic properties, especially the ability to capture the near-infrared photons. To resolve this, two near-infrared absorbing PSMAs, namely PY2Se-F and PY2Se-Cl, with a selenophene-fused core and halogenated end-group are developed. Combining the synergistic effects of selenium and fluorine (F)/chlorine (Cl) substitutions in broadening absorption and enhancing intermolecular interactions, PY2Se-F and PY2Se-Cl show significantly red-shifted absorption (30-40 nm) and reasonably deep-shifted lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels compared with the pristine PY2S-H and fluorinated PY2S-F. When replacing F with Cl on the end-group, the PY2Se-Cl shows a better blend morphology with polymer donor PM6, compared with the PY2Se-F-based one, leading to better charge transport. As a result, the PM6:PY2Se-Cl-based all-PSCs achieve an impressive PCE of 16.1% with both high short-circuit current density (J(sc)) of 24.5 mA cm(-2) and fill factor (FF) of 0.743, which are among the highest values in the reported binary all-PSCs so far. Notably, this is the first example of chlorinated end-group derived PSMAs. Combining with the low-cost merit of chlorination, PY2Se-Cl shows great potential in the practical applications of efficient all-PSCs.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A high performing piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerator based on a large deformation of the novel lantern-shaped structure

    Liu, XuLiu, YizhiCheng, TinghaiGao, Yufei...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Energy shortage has been the most serious problem for generations. With the continuous consumption of fossil energy, there is an urgent need to find a renewable and sustainable energy source. However, the mechanical energy is ubiquitous and adequate in daily life. With the development of nanotechnology, nanogenerators can utilize and convert mechanical energy into electric energy, which provides an effective solution in modern society. Besides, the combination of functional materials, the coupling mechanism between piezoelectricity and triboelectricity as well as other methods can improve the output properties of nanogenerators to a large extent. Hence, in this paper, the raw materials of polyvinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE), barium titanate (BTO) together with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are innovatively mixed to obtain both outstanding piezoelectricity and flexibility. In addition, from the structural perspective, the lantern-shaped nanogenerator (LSNG) with large deformation rate up to 86% and tri-piezoelectric and single-triboelectric coupling mechanisms is well fabricated. The output voltage, current and power density can go up to 171.2 V, 107.6 mu A and 0.6 mW/cm(2), respectively. What's more, the pressure sensitivity of the LSNG approaches 46.37 +/- 0.5 mV N-1 (R-2 = 0.997) in the pressure ranging from 5 N to 25 N. The whole LSNG can maintain a stable electrical output even after 10,000 periodic operation cycles. Simulations were performed by using COMSOL and ANSYS in order to investigate the principle of the electricity generating and the relationship between strain and stress of the overall structure. Additionally, it can serve as a generator to light up several LED lights and collect mechanical energy from large deformations. Furthermore, it can serve as a sensor for detecting slight movements, mechanical position and realizing the patient positioning if integrated into the hospital floors. What's more, it can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy from vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, etc. in a large scale once they are placed under the pavements. In the future, this LSNG will play an important role in converting the vibration energy into electric energy. In the future, this LSNG will play an important role in converting the vibration energy into electric energy.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Surface modified hybrid ZnSnO3 nanocubes for enhanced piezoelectric power generation and wireless sensory application

    Carballo, Zaida D.Vega, Valeria SuarezLin, ChenRafaqut, Muhammad Sufian...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Piezoelectric Nanogenerators (PENGs), which can convert ambient mechanical stimuli into electrical energy, are held in high regard due to their cost-effectiveness, energy harvesting applications, and potential as self-powered sensors. We report an aluminum-doped zinc stannate (ZnSnO3) PENG that can achieve high electrical outputs with respect to the external force. In order to enrich the piezoelectric mechanics, a low-temperature solution method was adopted in our work to synthesize ZnSnO3 nanocubes with an average side length of only 30 - 55 nm. Furthermore, ZnSnO3 was doped with 1-5 wt% of aluminum nanoparticles. We report that 2 wt% of aluminum doped ZnSnO3 showed the highest electrical output in terms of open circuit voltages and short circuit current. The nanogenerator device achieved an average open-circuit voltage of 80-175 V with a frequency range of 60 BPM (Beats Per Minute) to 240 BPM, an unprecedented electrical output in comparison to current ZnSnO3-based PENGs. With the presented high output-to-size ratio taken into consideration, the device was mounted in a helmet and tested as an energy harvester and wireless human motion sensor, which can generate electric charge as well as detect human movements and transmit the corresponding signals wirelessly. Our work is indicative of a promising smart helmet using organic-inorganic hybrid materials.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Conceptual analysis framework development to understand barriers of nanofluid commercialization

    Alagumalai, AvinashQin, CaiyanVimal, K. E. K.Solomin, Evgeny...
    17页
    查看更多>>摘要：Despite massive efforts in the field of nanofluids over the last two decades, nanofluids are primarily still used in a lab scale due to numerous controllable and uncontrollable barriers that impede their effective large-scale implementation. Nanofluids market uptake can be realized only when those barriers have been overcome. These barriers must be examined for their impacts on all aspects of nanofluids market adoption. In this study, barriers to the commercial applications of nanofluids in thermal energy technologies are identified in the literature and are assessed in consultation with experts in the field using a total interpretive structural modeling approach and cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to a classification analysis. It is discovered that most of the barriers are interrelated and can influence one another. Long-term stability issue is identified as the main driver in the effective implementation of nanofluids at commercial scale. Research in this direction might be able to help R&D institutions and researchers in this field to sort out the most influential barriers to nanofluids market uptake.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Self-powered finger motion-sensing structural color display enabled by block copolymer photonic crystal

    Kim, SoheeJeon, SeungbaeRyu, Du YeolKoh, Won-Gun...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Self-powered user-interactive displays that facilitate the visualization of human information acquired by sensors are of great interest in emerging human-machine interface technology with efficient energy consumption. Herein, a self-powered motion-sensing display capable of simultaneously detecting and visualizing finger motions is presented. Our device is based on a one-dimensional photonic crystal of an interpenetrated hydrogel network block copolymer (IHN-BCP) consisting of alternating water-absorbable and non-absorbable lamellae. Triboelectrification is achieved as a function of relative humidity from 30% to 80%. The direct visualization of the humidity is also achieved through the humidity-dependent structural color of the photonic crystal in the full visible range. Furthermore, the humidity-responsive triboelectrification and structural color of our IHN-BCP photonic crystal facilitates the development of a self-powered finger motion-sensing display where diverse gestures of a finger with natural humidity are quantitatively recognized, such as vertical and sliding motion of the finger with simultaneous visualization of the motions in both contact and non-contact modes.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Ultrafast ion-transport at hierarchically porous covalent-organic membrane interface for efficient power production

    Singh, RahulKim, Daejoong
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Highly ordered free-standing membranes are challenging to fabricate using conventional polymeric material. Additionally, several organic-inorganic materials have been studied to develop a stable free-standing membrane for energy applications. Still, fragile structural issues under realistic conditions remain one of the most significant barriers to making them commercially viable. Here, we have prepared a series of large-area 10 x 10 cm(2) freestanding, proton-conducting covalent organic membrane (COM) for reverse electrodialysis. COM possesses a hierarchical nanoporous stable structure formed with a highly crystalline organic framework. The random arrangement of layered micropores with a pore size of 1.16 nm plus mesopores and macropores provides a hierarchical porous structure in COM. However, the crystalline arrangement is highly ordered with fixed pores in COF, a pore size of 1.34 nm. The determined surface porosity of cross-sectional COM is-66%. The pore size distribution is-1.2 nm, and the estimated surface area of COM is up to -33 m (2) g(-1). The prepared free-standing structure is stable at elevated temperatures under 100% hydrated conditions. COM structure is also mechanically stable-2 MPa with elongation up to 4% and maintains its free-standing structure under acidic conditions. Besides robust hierarchical porous structure and chemical stability under stress conditions, acid-treated COM offers better ion selectivity with enhanced ion transport at elevated temperatures. It is only possible because of low membrane swelling density while maintaining the high ion-exchange capacity, which are crucial factors for implementing it in an electrochemical application. The free-standing COM combined with FAA-3 membrane for assembling the reverse electrodialysis's stack for power production. The obtained power density of reverse electrodialysis is-1.44 W m(-2) at a fixed flow rate of 2 mL min(-1). With negligible hydrodynamic loss and maintaining stable cell performance.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Study on fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator using graphene oxide/ porous PDMS as a compound friction layer

    Yang, Chii-RongKo, Chi-TseHuang, Mao-JungChang, Shu-Fang...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study combined the commercially available conductive fabric with the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer containing graphene oxide (GO) to implement a fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) which is characterized by a simple process, low cost, high flexibility, and high stability. The findings showed that when the TENG used GO@PDMS compound layer, and after the surface was modified by SF6 plasma, the optimal opencircuit voltage of 140.4 V and short-circuit current of 2.57 mu A were obtained. When the load resistance was 50 M omega, the maximum power was 130.5 mu W. Further testing illustrated this device to have excellent washability and tested for durability. When the TENG device was integrated with clothing and body, the action information could be obtained. This indicates that this device could be used as a posture or pressure sensor. As the TENG device can lighten up 180 green LEDs connected in series, it is suitably applied to develop microgenerators. Finally, this TENG device transmits signals to the mobile phone through a Bluetooth wireless module for a real-time display. It was proved the proposed fabric-based TENG sensor with self-powered and wireless transmission function has massive potential in future applications for use in wearable fitness trackers, E-skin of robotic arms, human-machine interfaces, and flexible touch sensors.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A new strategy towards spectral selectivity: Selective leaching alloy to achieve selective plasmonic solar absorption and infrared suppression

    Li, JianshengZhou, ShiyuRan, RanChen, Fangqi...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Cost-effective and spectrally selective solar absorbers that possess high solar absorptance, low thermal emittance, and superior thermal stability are essential for photothermal conversion applications, e.g., industrial heating, solar desalination, photothermal catalysis, and concentrating solar power systems. Here, a new strategy using a selective leaching reaction is demonstrated for transfiguring the broad-spectrum and highly reflective aluminum alloys into plasmonic-nanostructure selective solar absorbers (PNSSAs). Enabled by surface plasmon resonance, this strategy via assembling copper nanostructured thin film on an alloy mirror yields tunable manipulation of the spectral selectivity, high and omnidirectional solar absorptance (0.94 from 0 to 60 degrees), low thermal emittance (0.03 at 100 degrees C), and excellent thermomechanical stability. Featured with merits of competitive performance of spectral selectivity, the feasibility of solution-processed fabrication, and cost-effectiveness of raw materials and chemicals, selective-leaching-alloy to achieve PNSSAs is a promising and universal approach for achieving high photothermal efficiency (85%) of solar thermal energy harvesting. The compatibility of this strategy with other metal alloys, such as steel and superalloys, extends its applications to fabricating mid- and high-temperature selective solar absorbers.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Over 18% ternary polymer solar cells enabled by a terpolymer as the third component

    Peng, WenhongLin, YuanbaoJeong, Sang YoungGenene, Zewdneh...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要："Ternary blending" and "random terpolymerization" strategies have both proven effective for enhancing the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, reports on the combination of the two strategies remain rare. Here, a terpolymer PM6-Si30 was constructed by inserting chlorine and alkylsilyl-substituted benzodithiophene (BDT) unit (0.3 equivalent) into the state-of-the-art polymer PM6. The terpolymer exhibitsadeep highest-occupied-molecular-orbital energy and good miscibility with both PM6 and BTP-eC9 (C9) and enables its use as a third component into PM6:PM6-Si30:C9 bulk-heterojunction for OSCs. The resulting cells exhibit maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.27%, which is higher than that obtained for the optimized control binary PM6:C9-based OSC (17.38%). The enhanced performance of the PM6:PM6-Si30:C9 cells is attributed to improved charge transport, favorable molecular arrangement, reduced energy loss and suppressed bimolecular recombination. The work demonstrates the potential of random terpolymer as a third component in OSCs and highlights a new strategy for the construction of a ternary system with improved photovoltaic performance.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier